Demographics of Bradford

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Demographics of Bradford
Bradford population pyramid.svg
Population pyramid of Bradford
Population522,452 (2011)

Population density in the 2011 census in the Bradford Metropolitan District Council area. Population Density Bradford Metropolitan District Council Area 2011 Census.png
Population density in the 2011 census in the Bradford Metropolitan District Council area.

Bradford, England is an ethnically and culturally diverse city. The City of Bradford metropolitan borough is the sixth most populous local authority district in the United Kingdom, and includes not only Bradford but also the towns and villages of Keighley, Shipley, Bingley, Ilkley, Haworth, Silsden, Queensbury, Thornton and Denholme.

Contents

Built-up area

The Office for National Statistics identifies "Bradford Built-up area subdivision", defined by its own algorithm, [1] as an area of 81.74 km2 (31.56 sq mi) with a 2011 population of 349,561 and a density of 4,280 people per square km. [2] It is a subdivision of the West Yorkshire Built-up Area.

Population

The City of Bradford's total population, according to the 2011 UK census, was 522,452. The population density was 1,428 people per square km.

Ethnicity

Ethnic demography of Bradford over time Ethnic demography of Bradford over time.gif
Ethnic demography of Bradford over time
Population pyramid of Bradford by ethnicity in 2021 Population pyramid of Bradford by ethnicity in 2021.svg
Population pyramid of Bradford by ethnicity in 2021
Ethnic makeup of Bradford by single year ages in 2021 Ethnic makeup of Bradford by single year ages in 2021.svg
Ethnic makeup of Bradford by single year ages in 2021

The following table shows the ethnic group of respondents in the 1991, 2001 and 2011 censuses in the City of Bradford.

Bradford has had a significant Pakistani population since post war migration began however in recent decades since the ethnicity question was first added in 1991 has the group saw massive growth in proportional size. In 1991, they made up nearly 10% of the city rising to 20.4% in 2011 in two decades. This increase in Pakistanis has generally provided the majority of the growth of the multi-ethnic group of Asian British people within the city however other groups such as Other Asians and Bangladeshi's have also increased, in 1991 Asian British people made up 13.8% of the city rising to just above a quarter (26.8%) in 2011. White British people have declined from above three quarters of the population in 2001 (76.1%) to below two thirds in 2011 (63.9%) in coincide with the decrease of White's overall from 84.4% to 67.4%. Black British people have been in fluctuation, in 1991 they accounted for 1.1%, declining to 0.9% in 2001 then rising again to 1.8% with the majority of the increase coming from Black Africans. Other groups such as Other ethnicities and Mixed people have also increased since 2001.

Ethnic Group1971 estimations [3] 1981 estimations [4] 1991 [5] 2001 [6] 2011 [7] 2021 [8]
Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%
White: Total421,35194.1%404,50087%386,02584.4%366,04178.27%352,31767.44%334,00461.1%
White: British ––––––355,68476.06%333,62863.86%309,91256.7%
White: Irish ––––4,7591.04%3,4790.74%2,5410.49%2,1390.4%
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller [note 1] ––––––––4330.08%8490.2%
White: Roma––––––––––1,5830.3%
White: Other ––––––6,8781.47%15,7153.01%19,5213.6%
Asian or Asian British: Total––48,80010.5%62,96313.79%89,29319.09%140,14926.83%175,66432.1%
Asian or Asian British: Indian ––12,9002.8%11,7132.56%12,5042.67%13,5552.59%14,4292.6%
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani ––33,6007.2%45,2809.9%67,99414.54%106,61420.41%139,55325.5%
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi ––2,3000.5%3,6530.79%4,9671.06%9,8631.89%12,4032.3%
Asian or Asian British: Chinese [note 2] ––––7200.15%8960.19%2,0860.40%1,3450.2%
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian––––1,5970.34%2,9320.63%8,0311.54%7,9341.5%
Black or Black British: Total––6,2001.3%5,3361.16%4,3330.93%9,2671.77%10,9782%
Black or Black British: African ––––6100.13%9700.21%4,9930.96%7,0611.3%
Black or Black British: Caribbean ––––3,3230.72%3,0380.65%3,5810.69%2,6140.5%
Black or Black British: Other Black ––––1,4030.3%3250.07%6930.13%1,3030.2%
Mixed: Total––––––6,9371.48%12,9792.48%15,0062.7%
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean––––––2,6110.56%4,6630.89%4,4260.8%
Mixed: White and Black African––––––4490.10%8750.17%1,1960.2%
Mixed: White and Asian––––––2,9260.63%5,6771.09%6,4581.2%
Mixed: Other Mixed––––––9510.20%1,7640.34%2,9260.5%
Other: Total––5,3501.2%3,0200.66%1,0610.23%7,7401.48%10,7602%
Other: Arab [note 3] ––––––––3,7140.71%2,7340.5%
Other: Any other ethnic group––5,3501.2%3,0200.66%1,0610.23%4,0260.77%8,0261.5%
Ethnic minority: Total26,1955.9%60,35013%71,31915.6%101,62421.7%170,13532.6%212,40838.9%
Total447,546100%464,850100%457,344100%467,665100%522,452100%546,412100%

Notes for table above

  1. ↑ New category created for the 2011 census
  2. ↑ In 2001, listed under the 'Chinese or other ethnic group' heading.
  3. ↑ New category created for the 2011 census

Ethnicity of school pupils

The ethnicity of school pupils within Bradford has been in flux, with the native White British population declining from a majority of 61.7% in 2004 to a minority of 40.1% of the total school pupil population. This shift has turned Bradford's schools into a majority-minority state, where there are no overall majorities. Asian British school children have risen from 33.1% of the school pupil population to a stagnate 42.7% in 2022, having declined the previous two years from 43.1% in 2020. The largest group within this multi-ethnic amalgamation is British Pakistanis at 36.4% of the total school population. Black British school pupils have risen slightly from 1% to 1.9% with the majority of growth coming from Black Africans. Other groups such as Other ethnicities, Other Whites and Mixed people have also increased as well.

Ethnic groupSchool year [9] [10]
2004200820122015/162019/202021/2022
Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%
White: Total45,93062.6%41,38056%39,32051.1%40,97848.7%46,89646.3%46,15745.5%
White: British 45,30061.7%40,02754.2%36,88547.9%36,62943.6%41,35040.9%40,57740.1%
White: Irish 908594960.1%1150.1%1130.1%
White: Traveller of Irish heritage202136310.0%280.0%370.0%
White: Gypsy/Roma701664941,2601.5%1,1401.1%1,0311.0%
White: Other 4500.6%1,0821,8092,9623.5%4,2634.2%4,3994.3%
Asian / Asian British: Total24,28033.1%28,38738.4%32,70442.5%36,35343.3%43,44743.1%43,26842.7%
Asian / Asian British: Indian 1,7902.4%1,8391,8381,8092.2%1,9822.0%1,9741.9%
Asian / Asian British: Pakistani 20,16027.5%23,24131.5%26,72734.7%30,67436.5%36,84936.5%36,84136.4%
Asian / Asian British: Bangladeshi 1,7502,1412,5182,8513.4%3,3153.3%3,1533.1%
Asian / Asian British: Chinese 8085110880.1%980.1%970.1%
Asian / Asian British: Other Asians5001,0811,5119311.1%1,2031.2%1,2031.2%
Black / Black British: Total7001%9401.3%1,0151.3%1,1701.4%1,7621.7%1,9541.9%
Black: Caribbean 3403263092840.3%2520.2%2150.2%
Black: African 2700.4%4885778151.0%1,3161.3%1,5151.5%
Black: Other Blacks 901181311070.1%1940.2%2240.2%
Mixed / British Mixed 1,8002.5%2,3903.2%2,9003.8%3,9034.6%6,1246.0%6,5506.5%
Other: Total2500.3%5570.8%7601%9611.1%1,5661.5%1,8801.9%
Unclassified4300.6%20-2250.3%5920.7%1,2611.2%1,5001.5%
Total:73,380100%73,860100%76,930100%83,993100%101,056100%101,309100%

Country of birth

UK and foreign born population pyramid of Bradford in 2021. Males and females representing the UK born population while foreign males and females representing the foreign born population. UK and foreign born population pyramid of Bradford in 2021.svg
UK and foreign born population pyramid of Bradford in 2021. Males and females representing the UK born population while foreign males and females representing the foreign born population.
Country of birthYear
1981 [11] 2021 [12]
Number%Number%
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 409,20290.1%444,47881.3%
Foreign born44,9909.9%101,93818.7%
Total454,192100%546,416100%

Languages

The most common main languages spoken in the City of Bradford according to the 2011 census are shown below. [13]

RankLanguageUsual residents aged 3+Proportion
1 English 424,52785.31%
2 Punjabi 19,8423.99%
3 Urdu 16,5503.33%
4 Polish 5,5261.11%
5 Bengali (incl. Sylheti and Chatgaya)4,7430.95%
6 Pashto 3,5800.72%
7 Gujarati 2,6380.53%
8 Arabic 2,3980.48%
9 Slovak 2,1620.43%
10 Kurdish 1,2750.26%
11 Pakistani Pahari (incl. Mirpuri and Potwari)1,0480.21%
12 Latvian 9850.20%
13 Russian 6900.14%
14 Czech 6420.13%
15 Tagalog/Filipino 6400.13%
16 Persian 5920.12%
17 Italian 5640.11%
18 French 4430.09%
19 Lithuanian 4360.09%
20 Greek 3820.08%
Other7,9451.60%

Religion

Religious makeup of Bradford by single year age groups in 2021 Religious makeup of Bradford by single year age groups in 2021.svg
Religious makeup of Bradford by single year age groups in 2021

The following table shows the religion of respondents in the 2001, 2011 and 2021 censuses in the City of Bradford.

Religion1989 estimations [14] 2001 [15] 2011 [16] 2021 [17]
Number%Number%Number%Number%
Holds religious beliefs––367,51878.58381,87673.09362,29166.3
Gold Christian Cross no Red.svg Christian ––281,23660.14239,84345.91182,56633.4
Star and Crescent.svg Muslim 50,000–75,18816.08129,04124.70166,84630.5
Khanda.svg Sikh ––4,7481.025,1250.984,8340.9
Om.svg Hindu ––4,4570.954,8820.934,7570.9
Dharma Wheel.svg Buddhist ––5370.111,0000.199590.2
Star of David.svg Jewish ––3560.082990.06254<0.1
Other religion––9960.211,6860.322,0740.4
No religion––62,26613.31108,02720.68154,30528.2
Religion not stated––37,9218.1132,5496.2329,8165.5
Total population––467,655100.0522,452100.0546,412100.0

Industry

Bradford's industry over time Bradford's industry over time.svg
Bradford's industry over time

Manufacturing in Bradford has collapsed since the middle half of the 20th century.

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "2011 Built-up Areas - Methodology and Guidance" (PDF). Office for National Statistics. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  2. ↑ UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Bradford Built-up area sub division (E35001211)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics . Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  3. ↑ Jones, P. N. (1978). "The Distribution and Diffusion of the Coloured Population in England and Wales, 1961-71". Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers. 3 (4): 515–532. doi:10.2307/622127. ISSN   0020-2754. JSTOR   622127. PMID   12157820.
  4. ↑ Simpson, Ludi (March 2004). "Statistics of Racial Segregation: Measures, Evidence and Policy". Urban Studies. 41 (3): 661–681. doi:10.1080/0042098042000178735. ISSN   0042-0980. S2CID   154380697.
  5. ↑ Data is taken from United Kingdom Casweb Data services of the United Kingdom 1991 Census on Ethnic Data for England, Scotland and Wales (Table 6)
  6. ↑ "Office of National Statistics; 2001 Census Key Statistics". webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  7. ↑ "2011 Census: Ethnic Group, local authorities in England and Wales". webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  8. ↑ "Ethnic group - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  9. ↑ "School and pupil characteristics". webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
  10. ↑ "Schools, pupils and their characteristics, Academic Year 2021/22". explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
  11. ↑ "1981 census - small area statistics - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
  12. ↑ "TS004 - Country of birth - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
  13. ↑ "Download:local authorities: county / unitary". NOMIS. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  14. ↑ Le Lohé, M.J. (October 1989). "Political issues". Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. 16 (1): 137–144. doi:10.1080/1369183X.1989.9976165. ISSN   1369-183X.
  15. ↑ "KS007 - Religion - Nomis - 2001". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  16. ↑ "KS209EW (Religion) - Nomis - 2011". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  17. ↑ "Religion - 2021 census". Office of National Statistics. 29 November 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
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