Eucalyptus kochii

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Oil mallee
Eucalyptus kochii.jpg
Eucalyptus kochii subsp. kochii near Dalwallinu
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. kochii
Binomial name
Eucalyptus kochii
Synonyms [1]

Eucalyptus oleosa var. kochii(Maiden & Blakely) C.A.Gardner

Contents

Eucalyptus kochii, commonly known as oil mallee, [2] is a species of mallee, sometimes a tree, and is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough, flaky or fibrous bark on the trunk, smooth grey bark above, linear to narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of nine to fifteen, white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

flower buds of subsp. kochii Eucalyptus kochii buds.jpg
flower buds of subsp. kochii
fruit of subsp. kochii Eucalyptus kochii fruit.jpg
fruit of subsp. kochii

Description

Eucalyptus kochii is a mallee that typically grows to a height of 8 m (26 ft), rarely a tree to 12 m (39 ft), and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, flaky or fibrous, light grey to brown bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth grey to pink bark on the thinner branches. The adult leaves are arranged alternately, linear to narrow lance-shaped, the same shade of green on both sides, 55–115 mm (2.2–4.5 in) long and 5–13 mm (0.20–0.51 in) wide tapering to a petiole 5–12 mm (0.20–0.47 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils, usually in groups of seven, nine or eleven on an unbranched peduncle 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) long. Mature buds are cylindrical to spindle-shaped, the floral cup 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) long and about 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide with a conical to horn-shaped operculum of similar dimensions. Flowering occurs between October and February and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, oval to urn-shaped capsule 6–7 mm (0.24–0.28 in) long and 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in) wide with the valves protruding above rim level. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy

The species was formally described in 1929 by the botanists Joseph Maiden and William Blakely in Maiden's book, A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus. [5] The specific epithet (kochii) honours Max Koch for his "very keen interest in the flora of South and Western Australia". [6]

In 1950, Charles Gardner changed the name to E. oleosa var. kochii in the Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia , but the change has not been accepted by the Australian Plant Census. [7] [8] In the same journal, Gardner described E. oleosa var. borealis, the name of which has subsequently been changed to E. kochii subsp. borealis by Dean Nicolle, [9] and E. oleosa var. plenissima, changed to E. kochii subsp. plenissima by Ian Brooker. [10] In 2005, Dean Nicolle also described E. kochii subsp. amaryssia and subsp. yellowdinensis, publishing the names in the journal, Australian Systematic Botany . [11] [12]

The five subspecies names recognised by the Australian Plant Census are:

Distribution

Oil mallee is found on flats, depressions, rises and along roadsides from Kondut to near Pindar in the Avon Wheatbelt and Yalgoo biogeographic regions of Western Australia where it grows in sandy-loamy-clay soils over laterite or granite. [2] [3]

Cultivation

This eucalypt is cultivated in plantations for the production of eucalyptus oil. The distilled oil has a very high content of cineole (83-94%). [18] [19]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Eucalyptus oleosa</i> Species of plant

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<i>Eucalyptus horistes</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus flocktoniae</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus calycogona</i> Species of plant in Australia

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<i>Eucalyptus eremicola</i> Species of plant

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<i>Eucalyptus insularis</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus insularis, commonly known as Twin Peak Island mallee, or North Twin Peak Island mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to a small area of southern Western Australia. It has mostly smooth bark, dull green, linear adult leaves, flower buds in group of between nine and twenty or more, white flowers and barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus jutsonii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus jutsonii, commonly known as Jutson's mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on its stems, smooth pinkish to greyish brown bark above, glossy green, linear adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, cream-coloured flowers and shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus mannensis</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus mannensis, commonly known as Mann Range mallee, is a species of mallee that is native to Western Australia, South Australian and the Northern Territory. It has rough bark at the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, creamy white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus phenax</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus phenax, commonly known as green dumosa mallee or white mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to southern Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus striaticalyx</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus striaticalyx, commonly known as Cue York gum or kopi gum, is a species of tree or mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has thick, rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and thirteen, creamy white flowers and conical to cup-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus vegrandis, commonly known as the Ongerup mallee or Cranbrook mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, linear to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped or conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus wimmerensis</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus wimmerensis, commonly known as the Wimmera mallee box or the broad-leaved green mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to an area around the border between Victoria and South Australia. It usually has smooth bark on the trunk and branches, linear to narrow oblong leaves, flower buds in groups of seven to eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus <span style="font-style:normal;">×</span> balanopelex</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus × balanopelex is a mallee that is endemic to a small area of the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, broadly lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy-white flowers and hemispherical fruit. It is thought to be a hybrid between E. kessellii subsp. eugnosta and E. semiglobosa.

<i>Eucalyptus notactites</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus notactites, commonly known as southern limestone mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth, greyish bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between eleven and fifteen, creamy white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus socialis <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> eucentrica</i> Subspecies of plant

Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica, commonly known as the inland red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to inland Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus socialis <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> socialis</i> Subspecies of plant

Eucalyptus socialis subsp. socialis, commonly known as the summer red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to inland south-eastern Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy white flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus socialis <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> victoriensis</i> Subspecies of plant

Eucalyptus socialis subsp. victoriensis, commonly known as the red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to southern inland Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

Eucalyptus socialis subsp. viridans, commonly known as the green-leaved red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

References

  1. 1 2 "Eucalyptus kochii". Australian Plant Census. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus kochii Maiden & Blakely". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  3. 1 2 Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus kochii". Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. kochii". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Archived from the original on 20 June 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  5. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii". APNI. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  6. ↑ Maiden, Joseph (1929). A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus (Volume 8). Sydney: New South Wales Government Printer. p. 41. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  7. ↑ "Eucalyptus oleosa var. kochii". APNI. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  8. ↑ Gardner, Charles A. (1950). "The Western Australian Varieties of Eucalyptus oleosa F.Muell. ex Miq. and their essential oils". Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia. 34: 78–79. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  9. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. borealis". APNI. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  10. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. plenissima". APNI. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  11. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. amaryssia". APNI. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  12. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. yellowdinensis". APNI. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  13. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. amaryssia". Australian Plant Census. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  14. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. borealis". Australian Plant Census. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  15. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. kochii". Australian Plant Census. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  16. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. plenissima". Australian Plant Census. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  17. ↑ "Eucalyptus kochii subsp. yellowdinensis". Australian Plant Census. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  18. ↑ Boland, D.J., Brophy, J.J., and A.P.N. House, Eucalyptus Leaf Oils, 1991, ISBN   0-909605-69-6
  19. ↑ "100% Australian Eucalyptus Oil". Kochii Australian Eucalyptus Oil. Archived from the original on 21 October 2017. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
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