GNG2

GNG2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4KFM, 5HE3, 5HE0, 5HE2, 5HE1
Identifiers
Aliases	GNG2 , G protein subunit gamma 2
External IDs	OMIM: 606981 MGI: 102705 HomoloGene: 40715 GeneCards: GNG2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human) [1] Band 14q22.1 Start 51,826,195 bp [1] End 51,979,342 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse) [2] Band 14 A3|14 11.17 cM Start 19,872,559 bp [2] End 19,977,627 bp [2]
Gene ontology Molecular function • signal transducer activity • G-protein beta-subunit binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • GTPase activity Cellular component • heterotrimeric G-protein complex • cell membrane • extracellular exosome • membrane • G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex Biological process • cellular response to glucagon stimulus • cellular proliferation • signal transduction • cellular response to catecholamine stimulus • platelet activation • adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway • cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus • protein folding • Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	54331	14702
Ensembl	ENSG00000186469	ENSMUSG00000043004
UniProt	P59768	P63213
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001243773 NM_001243774 NM_053064	NM_001038637 NM_001285908 NM_001285909 NM_001285910 NM_001285911 NM_010315
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001230702 NP_001230703 NP_444292	NP_001033726 NP_001272837 NP_001272838 NP_001272839 NP_001272840 NP_034445
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 51.83 – 51.98 Mb	Chr 14: 19.87 – 19.98 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG2 gene. ^{[5] [6]}

Heterotrimeric G proteins play vital roles in cellular responses to external signals. The specificity of a G protein-receptor interaction is primarily mediated by the gamma subunit.[supplied by OMIM] ^[6]

Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. ^{[§ 1]}

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|{{{bSize}}}px|alt=Nicotine Activity on Dopaminergic Neurons edit]]

Nicotine Activity on Dopaminergic Neurons edit

1. The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "NicotineDopaminergic_WP1602".

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000186469 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000043004 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Modarressi MH, Taylor KE, Wolfe J (Jul 2000). "Cloning, characterization, and mapping of the gene encoding the human G protein gamma 2 subunit". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 272 (2): 610–5. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2832. PMID   10833460.
6. "Entrez Gene: GNG2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 2".

Further reading

• Pumiglia KM, LeVine H, Haske T, et al. (1995). "A direct interaction between G-protein beta gamma subunits and the Raf-1 protein kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (24): 14251–4. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.24.14251 . PMID   7782277.
• Tsukada S, Simon MI, Witte ON, Katz A (1994). "Binding of beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins to the PH domain of Bruton tyrosine kinase". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (23): 11256–60. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.23.11256. PMC   45206 . PMID   7972043.
• Yan K, Kalyanaraman V, Gautam N (1996). "Differential ability to form the G protein betagamma complex among members of the beta and gamma subunit families". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (12): 7141–6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.12.7141 . PMID   8636150.
• De Waard M, Liu H, Walker D, et al. (1997). "Direct binding of G-protein betagamma complex to voltage-dependent calcium channels". Nature. 385 (6615): 446–50. doi:10.1038/385446a0. PMID   9009193.
• Kostenis E, Conklin BR, Wess J (1997). "Molecular basis of receptor/G protein coupling selectivity studied by coexpression of wild type and mutant m2 muscarinic receptors with mutant G alpha(q) subunits". Biochemistry. 36 (6): 1487–95. doi:10.1021/bi962554d. PMID   9063897.
• Qin N, Platano D, Olcese R, et al. (1997). "Direct interaction of gbetagamma with a C-terminal gbetagamma-binding domain of the Ca2+ channel alpha1 subunit is responsible for channel inhibition by G protein-coupled receptors". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (16): 8866–71. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.16.8866. PMC   23172 . PMID   9238069.
• Ong OC, Hu K, Rong H, et al. (1997). "Gene structure and chromosome localization of the G gamma c subunit of human cone G-protein (GNGT2)". Genomics. 44 (1): 101–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4814. PMID   9286705.
• Nishida K, Kaziro Y, Satoh T (1999). "Association of the proto-oncogene product dbl with G protein betagamma subunits". FEBS Lett. 459 (2): 186–90. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01244-2. PMID   10518015.
• Carman CV, Barak LS, Chen C, et al. (2000). "Mutational analysis of Gbetagamma and phospholipid interaction with G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (14): 10443–52. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.14.10443 . PMID   10744734.
• Evanko DS, Thiyagarajan MM, Siderovski DP, Wedegaertner PB (2001). "Gbeta gamma isoforms selectively rescue plasma membrane localization and palmitoylation of mutant Galphas and Galphaq". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (26): 23945–53. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M101154200 . PMID   11294873.
• Yu Y, Zhang C, Zhou G, et al. (2001). "Gene expression profiling in human fetal liver and identification of tissue- and developmental-stage-specific genes through compiled expression profiles and efficient cloning of full-length cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (8): 1392–403. doi:10.1101/gr.175501. PMC   311073 . PMID   11483580.
• Lowry WE, Huang XY (2002). "G Protein beta gamma subunits act on the catalytic domain to stimulate Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2): 1488–92. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110390200 . PMID   11698416.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC   139241 . PMID   12477932.
• Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, et al. (2003). "Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7220–6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M210304200 . PMID   12486123.
• Melliti K, Grabner M, Seabrook GR (2003). "The familial hemiplegic migraine mutation R192Q reduces G-protein-mediated inhibition of P/Q-type (Ca(V)2.1) calcium channels expressed in human embryonic kidney cells". J. Physiol. 546 (Pt 2): 337–47. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2002.026716. PMC   2342512 . PMID   12527722.
• Wolfe JT, Wang H, Howard J, et al. (2003). "T-type calcium channel regulation by specific G-protein betagamma subunits". Nature. 424 (6945): 209–13. doi:10.1038/nature01772. PMID   12853961.
• Niu J, Profirovic J, Pan H, et al. (2003). "G Protein betagamma subunits stimulate p114RhoGEF, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RhoA and Rac1: regulation of cell shape and reactive oxygen species production". Circ. Res. 93 (9): 848–56. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000097607.14733.0C . PMID   14512443.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi: 10.1038/ng1285 . PMID   14702039.
• Doering CJ, Kisilevsky AE, Feng ZP, et al. (2004). "A single Gbeta subunit locus controls cross-talk between protein kinase C and G protein regulation of N-type calcium channels". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (28): 29709–17. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M308693200 . PMID   15105422.