HMS Garlies

For other ships with the same name, see USS Fleming.

History
United States
Name	USS Fleming (DE-270)
Namesake	United States Marine Corps Captain Richard Eugene Fleming (1917-1942), killed in action during the Battle of Midway in June 1942
Ordered	25 January 1942 [1]
Builder	Boston Navy Yard, Boston, Massachusetts
Laid down	7 April 1943
Launched	19 May 1943
Sponsored by	Mrs. Michael E. Fleming
Fate	Transferred to United Kingdom 13 June [2] or 13 July [3] 1943
Acquired	Returned by United Kingdom 20 August 1945 [2]
Name	USS Garlies (DE-271)
Namesake	British name retained
Commissioned	20 August 1945
Decommissioned	10 October 1945
Stricken	1 November 1945 [2]
Fate	Sold 18 July 1947 for scrapping
United Kingdom
Name	HMS Garlies (K475)
Namesake	Admiral George Stewart, Lord Garlies (1768-1834), British naval officer who was commanding officer of HMS Lively at the Battle of Cape St. Vincent in 1797 and of HMS Bellerophon at the blockade of Brest, France, in 1801
Completed	13 September 1943
Acquired	13 June [2] or 13 July [3] 1943
Christened	13 September 1943 [2]
Sponsored by	Mrs. Frances Brown [2]
Commissioned	13 September 1943
Fate	Returned to United States 20 August 1945
General characteristics
Displacement	1,140 long tons (1,158 t)
Length	289.5 ft (88.2 m)
Beam	35 ft (11 m)
Draught	9 ft (2.7 m)
Propulsion	Four General Motors 278A 16-cylinder engines GE 7,040 bhp (5,250 kW) generators (4,800 kW) GE electric motors for 6,000 shp (4,500 kW) Two shafts
Speed	20 knots (37 km/h)
Range	5,000 nautical miles (9,260 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h)
Complement	156
Sensors and processing systems	SA & SL type radars Type 144 series Asdic MF Direction Finding antenna HF Direction Finding Type FH 4 antenna
Armament	3 × 3 in (76 mm) /50 Mk.22 guns 1 × twin Bofors 40 mm mount Mk.I 7–16 × 20 mm Oerlikon guns Mark 10 Hedgehog antisubmarine mortar depth charges QF 2-pounder naval gun
Notes	Pennant number K475

HMS Garlies (K475) was a British Captain-class frigate of the Royal Navy in commission during World War II. Originally constructed as the United States Navy Evarts-class destroyer escort USS Fleming (DE-271), she served in the Royal Navy from 1943 to 1945 and in the U.S. Navy as USS Garlies (DE-271) from August to October 1945.

Construction and transfer

The ship was ordered as the U.S. Navy destroyer escort DE-271 on 25 January 1942 ^{[1] [2]} and assigned the name USS Fleming, the first ship of the name, on 23 February 1943. She was laid down by the Boston Navy Yard in Boston, Massachusetts, on 7 April 1943 and launched on 19 May 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Michael E. Fleming. The United States transferred the ship to the United Kingdom under Lend-Lease on 13 June ^[2] or 13 July ^[3] 1943 (sources vary) while she was still under construction.

Service history

Royal Navy, 1943-1945

Christened on 13 September 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Frances Brown, the wife of J. Andrew Brown, the ship was commissioned into service in the Royal Navy as HMS Garlies (K475) the same day. ^[1] She served on patrol and escort duty in the North Atlantic Ocean.

On 29 February 1944, Garlies was operating as part of the First Escort Group when she and the British frigates Affleck, Gould, and Gore detected the German submarine U-358 in the North Atlantic north-northeast of the Azores and began a depth-charge attack which continued through the night and into 1 March 1944, the four frigates dropping a combined 104 depth charges. Garlies and Gore were forced to withdraw to Gibraltar to refuel on 1 March, but Affleck and Gould continued to attack U-358. During the afternoon of 1 March, U-358 succeeded in torpedoing and sinking Gould at position 45°46′00″N023°16′00″W / 45.76667°N 23.26667°W / 45.76667; -23.26667 (HMS Gould (K476) sunk) , but then was forced to surface after 38 hours submerged and was sunk by gunfire from Affleck at position 45°46′00″N023°16′00″W / 45.76667°N 23.26667°W / 45.76667; -23.26667 (U-358 sunk) . ^{[1] [4]}

Garlies supported the invasion of Normandy in the summer of 1944.

The Royal Navy returned Garlies to the U.S. Navy at Chatham Dockyard, England, on 20 August 1945.

U.S. Navy, 1945

The ship was commissioned into the U.S. Navy as USS Garlies (DE-271) on 20 August 1945 simultaneously with her return. She departed Chatham on 30 August 1945 bound for the United States, and arrived at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on 8 September 1945. She remained there until decommissioned on 10 October 1945.

Disposal

The U.S. Navy struck Garlies from its Naval Vessel Register on 1 November 1945. She was sold to Thomas H. Barker on 19 July 1947 for scrapping.

Citations

1. uboat.net HMS Garlies (K 475)
2. Navsource Online: Destroyer Escort Photo Archive Fleming (DE-271) HMS Garlies (K-475)
3. Cressman, Robert J. (23 September 2016). "Garlies (DE-271)". Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships . Navy Department, Naval History and Heritage Command . Retrieved 29 January 2019.
4. Ships hit by U-boats: HMS Gould (K476)

References

• This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships .The entry can be found here. (USS Fleming)
• This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships .The entry can be found here. (USS Garlies)
• Navsource Online: Destroyer Escort Photo Archive Fleming (DE-271)/HMS Garlies (K-475)
• uboat.net HMS Garlies (K 475)
• Captain Class Frigate Association HMS Garlies K475 (DE 271)

External links

• Photo gallery of HMS Garlies (K475)