Ice hockey at the 1920 Summer Olympics

Last updated
Ice hockey at the
Games of the VII Olympiad
1st Ice Hockey
World Championships
Winnipegfalcons.jpg
Picture of the Gold Medal-winning Winnipeg Falcons taken en route to the 1920 Olympics (photo includes an unidentified ships' officer and a woman)
Tournament details
Host countryFlag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
DatesApril 23–29, 1920
Format Bergvall System
Teams7
Final positions
Champions  Gold medal blank.svg Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg  Canada
Winnipeg Falcons (1st title)
Runner-up  Silver medal blank.svg Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States
Third place  Bronze medal blank.svg Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia
Fourth placeFlag of Sweden.svg  Sweden
Tournament statistics
Games played10
Goals scored99 (9.9 per game)
Attendance6,946 (695 per game)
Scoring leader(s)Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg Herb Drury  (14 points)
1924  

Ice hockey was introduced to the Olympic Games at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp. [1] [2] The tournament also served as the first World Championships. The matches were played between April 23 and April 29, 1920. Canada, represented by the Winnipeg Falcons, won the gold medal. [3] The silver went to the United States and Czechoslovakia took the bronze.

Contents

Summary

The organizing committee for the hockey matches included Paul Loicq, the captain of the Belgian team and a future president of the Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace (LIHG). [4] The games used the Canadian ice hockey rules, and the Bergvall system to determine medal winning teams. [5]

The Canadian Amateur Hockey Association (CAHA) chose the Winnipeg Falcons as the 1920 Allan Cup champions to represent the Canada men's national team, instead of forming a national all-star team on short notice. [6] [7] Canada's manager W. A. Hewitt, introduced the CAHA rules of play to the LIHG at the Olympics. [8] Writer Andrew Podnieks described Hewitt's interpretation of the rules as "competitive yet gentlemanly", and that the rules of play were accepted for Olympic hockey. [9] Hewitt refereed the first Olympic hockey game played, an 8–0 win by the Sweden men's national team versus the Belgium men's national team, on April 23, 1920. [10]

All matches took place in the Palais de Glace d'Anvers (ice palace of Antwerp). [3] The rink was smaller than North American standards, measuring 56 metres (184 ft) long by 18 metres (59 ft) wide. All games were played with seven players per side, with the rover position being used. For the duration of each match no substitutions were permitted and if a player exited the game due to injury the opposing team was forced to take a player out as well. Additional differences from modern play included a prohibition on forward passing and the requirement that all players including the goaltender be standing on his skates to play the puck. [4] The duration of each game was two periods of twenty minutes each. [3] Any game tied at the end of forty minutes would be extended by two periods of five minutes each, not sudden death. If tied at the end of fifty minutes, this process would repeat—and repeat as many times as needed until a winner is declared.

This was the first ice hockey tournament at an Olympic Games, and the only ever instance of it at a Summer Olympics. [3] An ice hockey tournament was part of the inaugural Winter Olympics in 1924 and has been part of every Winter program since then.

Medalists

Palais de Glace d'Anvers ice rink where the ice hockey tournament was held. Palais de Glace d'Anvers, Antwerp.jpg
Palais de Glace d'Anvers ice rink where the ice hockey tournament was held.
GoldSilverBronze
Flag of Canada (1868-1921).svg  Canada  (CAN)
Robert Benson
Walter Byron
Frank Fredrickson
Chris Fridfinnson
Magnus Goodman
Haldor Halderson
Konrad Johannesson
Allan Woodman
US flag 48 stars.svg  United States  (USA)
Raymond Bonney
Anthony Conroy
Herbert Drury
Edward Fitzgerald
George Geran
Frank Goheen
Joseph McCormick
Lawrence McCormick
Frank Synott
Leon Tuck
Cyril Weidenborner
Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg  Czechoslovakia  (TCH)
Karel Hartmann
Vilém Loos
Jan Palouš
Jan Peka
Karel Pešek
Josef Šroubek
Otakar Vindyš
Karel Wälzer

Participating nations

A total of 60 ice hockey players from 7 nations competed at the Antwerp Games:

Format

Seven nations entered teams in the inaugural Olympic ice hockey tournament. The tournament format used the Bergvall system, starting with an elimination round to determine the gold medal winner, after which teams that lost to the tournament winner would play through a new bracket to determine silver. Finally, teams which lost to either the gold or silver winners would face off in a third bracket to determine the bronze winner. For the gold medal round, teams were drawn into the bracket with France receiving a bye to the semifinals.

At the time of draw, the Swedish team questioned how the matchups for the later rounds would be determined and it was believed that teams advancing further in the earlier round would receive a bye. [4] However, no decision was made and when it came time for the silver medal round Sweden and the United States were selected to play a semifinal game while Czechoslovakia received the bye. Later for the bronze medal round, organizers wanted to ensure the tournament would conclude on schedule but were reluctant to force the Czechoslovakians to play twice in one day. As a result, the Swedish team were made to play another semifinal game which would be their fourth in as many days with the bronze medal game the following day. This led to criticism of the format despite Bergvall later noting that the system was not used correctly. [4]

Gold medal round (premier prix)

Bracket

 
QuarterfinalsSemifinalsGold Medal Game
 
          
 
April 23
 
 
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 8
 
April 25
 
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 0
 
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 4
 
 
Flag of France.svg  France 0
 
 
April 26
 
 
Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg  Canada Gold medal icon.svg12
 
April 24
 
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 1
 
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 29
 
April 25
 
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 0
 
Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg  Canada 2
 
April 24
 
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 0
 
Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg  Canada 15
 
 
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia 0
 

Quarterfinals

23 April 1920
21:30
Sweden  Flag of Sweden.svg8 – 0
(5–0, 3–0)
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Seth Howander Goalies François Vergult Referee:
Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg W. A. Hewitt
Burman 1 – 0
Johansson 2 – 0
Burman3 – 0
Lindqvist 4 – 0
Burman5 – 0
Johansson6 – 0
Molander 7 – 0
Lindqvist8 – 0
12 minPenalties6 min
24 April 1920
17:00
United States  Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg29 – 0
(15–0, 14–0)
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Ray Bonney Goalies René Savoie Referee:
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg Raoul Le Mat
Conroy (8)
J. McCormick (7)
Drury (6)
Goheen (6)
Fitzgerald
Tuck
Goals
7 minPenalties0 min
24 April 1920
21:30
Canada  Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg15 – 0
(7–0, 8–0)
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Walter Byron Goalies Jan Peka
Halderson (7)
Fredrickson (4)
Goodman (2)
Woodman
Johannesson
Goals
0 minPenalties0 min

Semifinals

25 April 1920
17:00
Sweden  Flag of Sweden.svg4 – 0
(2–0, 2–0)
Flag of France.svg  France Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Seth Howander Goalies Jacques Gaittet Referee:
Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg Ernie Garon
Burman 1 – 0
Svensson 2 – 0
Molander 3 – 0
Lindqvist 4 – 0
0 minPenalties0 min
Shots1
25 April 1920
21:00
Canada  Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg2 – 0
(0–0, 2–0)
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Walter Byron Goalies Ray Bonney Referee:
Flag of France.svg Alfred de Rauch
Fredrickson 1 – 0
Johannesson 2 – 0
7 minPenalties5 min

Gold medal game

26 April 1920
22:00
Gold medal icon.svg Canada  Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg12 – 1
(5–1, 7–0)
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Walter Byron Goalies Seth Howander Referee:
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg Joseph McCormick
Halderson – 1:151 – 0
Fridfinnson − 1:552 – 0
Fredrickson – 5:203 – 0
3 – 115:58 – Svensson
Fredrickson – 16:004 – 1
Fredrickson – 17:355 – 1
Goodman – 23:476 – 1
Benson – 28:097 – 1
Fredrickson – 29:158 – 1
Fredrickson – 29:309 – 1
Fredrickson – 34:5510 – 1
Halderson – 36:2011 – 1
Fredrickson – 39:0212 – 1
0 minPenalties0 min

Silver medal round (second prix)

Bracket

 
SemifinalSilver Medal Game
 
      
 
April 27
 
 
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 7
 
April 28
 
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 0
 
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States Silver medal icon.svg16
 
 
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia 0
 
 
 
 

Semifinal

27 April 1920
22:00
United States  Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg7 – 0
(5–0, 2–0)
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Cy Weidenborner Goalies Seth Howander
Drury (4)
Geran (3)
Goals
0 minPenalties0 min

Silver medal game

28 April 1920
22:00
Silver medal icon.svg United States  Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg16 – 0
(7–0, 9–0)
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Cy Weidenborner Goalies Jan Peka Referee:
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Paul Loicq
L. McCormick (7)
Drury (4)
Conroy (2)
Goheen
J. McCormick
Synott
Goals
0 minPenalties0 min

Bronze medal round (troisième prix)

Bracket

 
SemifinalBronze Medal Game
 
      
 
April 28
 
 
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 4
 
April 29
 
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 0
 
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Bronze medal icon.svg1
 
 
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 0
 
 
 
 

Semifinal

28 April 1920
23:30
Sweden  Flag of Sweden.svg4 – 0
(0–0, 4–0)
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Abbe Jansson Goalies René Savoie Referee:
Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg Frank Fredrickson
Säfwenberg 1 – 0
Johansson 2 – 0
Arwe 3 – 0
Arwe4 – 0
0 minPenalties0 min

Bronze medal game

29 April 1920
23:00
Bronze medal icon.svg Czechoslovakia  Flag of the Czech Republic.svg1 – 0
(1–0, 0–0)
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Palais de Glace d'Anvers
Game reference
Karel Wälzer Goalies Seth Howander Referee:
Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg Frank Fredrickson
Šroubek 1 – 0
0 minPenalties0 min
2Shots48

Statistics

Average age

Team France was the oldest team in the tournament, averaging 32 years and 11 months. Gold medalists team Canada was the youngest team in the tournament, averaging 24 years and 5 months. Tournament average was 26 years and 9 months. [11]

Scoring leaders

PlayerGPG
US flag 48 stars.svg  Herb Drury  (USA)414
Flag of Canada (1868-1921).svg  Frank Fredrickson  (CAN)312
US flag 48 stars.svg  Anthony Conroy  (USA)410
Flag of Canada (1868-1921).svg  Haldor Halderson  (CAN)39
US flag 48 stars.svg  Joe McCormick  (USA)38
US flag 48 stars.svg  Moose Goheen  (USA)62
US flag 48 stars.svg  Larry McCormick  (USA)15
Flag of Sweden.svg  Erik Burman  (SWE)54
US flag 48 stars.svg  Gerry Geran  (USA)23
Flag of Canada (1868-1921).svg  Magnus Goodman  (CAN)33

Source: olympedia.org

Final ranking

Winnipeg Falcons team photo at the 1920 Summer Olympics Winnipeg Falcons team photo at the 1920 Summer Olympics.jpg
Winnipeg Falcons team photo at the 1920 Summer Olympics
PosTeamPldWLGFGAGD
Gold medal icon.svgCanadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg  Canada 330291+28
Silver medal icon.svgFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 431522+50
Bronze medal icon.svgFlag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia 31213130
4Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 63317203
5Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 20203333
5Flag of France.svg  France 101044
5Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 101088
Source: olympedia.org

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