Idstein Castle

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Idstein Castle
  • Burg Idstein
  • Schloss Idstein
IdsteinBurgHexenturm.jpg
Castle building and Hexenturm
Idstein Castle
General information
Type
  • Hill castle
  • Village site
Architectural style
Location Idstein, Hesse, Germany
Coordinates 50°13′19″N8°16′08″E / 50.2219°N 8.2688°E / 50.2219; 8.2688 Coordinates: 50°13′19″N8°16′08″E / 50.2219°N 8.2688°E / 50.2219; 8.2688
Groundbreakingc. 1070

Idstein Castle (German : Burg Idstein), later the Renaissance style Schloss Idstein, is located in Idstein in the county of Rheingau-Taunus, Germany. The hill castle was the residenz of Nassau-Idstein. The castle's Witches' Tower (Hexenturm) is one of the town's oldest buildings and a substantial local landmark.

Contents

History

Inauguration of the Convalescent Home for Members of the Royal Prussian Army in the schloss by Minister of War Karl von Einem in 1905 Idstein Schloss 242-028.jpg
Inauguration of the Convalescent Home for Members of the Royal Prussian Army in the schloss by Minister of War Karl von Einem in 1905
The Residenz IdsteinSchloss120802.jpg
The Residenz
The Schlossgarten Idstein renesanca parko 1.jpg
The Schlossgarten

The original castle of Idstein was built around 1170 [1] on a rocky ridge in the centre of the Old Town. Within the inner bailey, only the bergfried, the old district courthouse, the 15th century gatehouse and the palas have survived from the castle.

In the early 17th century, during the time of Prince George Augustus Samuel of Nassau-Idstein, a Renaissance style schloss was built on the site of the outer ward. Its Baroque interior was completed around 1714. The architect was Maximilian von Welsch, the stucco work, especially in the so-called Emperor Chamber (Kaisergemach), was carried out by Carlo Maria Pozzi. The ceiling paintings and other paintings were by Valentin David Albrecht and Luca Antonio Colomba. [2]

In 1905 the schloss became a Convalescent Home for Members of the Royal Prussian Army. [3]

The upper bailey was demolished and the bergfried was nicknamed Hexenturm (Witches' Tower) in the 19th century. [4] There were witch trials in the early modern period in Idstein, but these substantially predate the name of this landmark. It is unlikely that anyone was ever accused or imprisoned in the tower for witchcraft. The nickname became widespread around 1900 with the publication of Die Pfarrfrau von Heftrich by Ottokar Schupp  [ de ]. The Hexenturm became the landmark of Idstein. [4] At the base of the tower is a plaque in memory of the victims of the witch trials of 1676, listing the names of 31 women and 8 men [5] killed at the end of the rule of John, Count of Nassau-Idstein. [1]

After the First World War, French soldiers were housed in the schloss during the French occupation. In the Second World War, the schloss acted as a military hospital for reserves. [3]

Today the castle houses the Idstein Pestalozzi Gymnasium. Both schloss and bergfried may be visited on request. [3]

A 20-metre-long stone bridge spans the neck ditch between the outer and inner baileys. To its right is a small Renaissance garden. Guided tours are offered with the guides dressed as gardeners of 1702. [6]

Related Research Articles

Idstein Town in Hesse, Germany

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Inner bailey

The inner bailey or inner ward of a castle is the strongly fortified enclosure at the heart of a medieval castle. It is protected by the outer ward and, sometimes also a Zwinger, moats, a curtain wall and other outworks. Depending on topography it may also be called an upper bailey or upper ward.

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<i>Bergfried</i>

Bergfried is a tall tower that is typically found in castles of the Middle Ages in German-speaking countries and in countries under German influence. Friar describes it as a "free-standing, fighting-tower". Its defensive function is to some extent similar to that of a keep in English or French castles. However, the characteristic difference between a bergfried and a keep is that a bergfried was typically not designed for permanent habitation.

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Zwinger Area between main and secondary walls of a fortification

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Butter-churn tower

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References

  1. 1 2 Änderung, Letzte (22 November 2012). "Past and Present - Idstein, a Town of Tradition". City of Idstein. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  2. ↑ Neuer Glanz für alte Pracht im Kaisergemach in: FAZ dated 3 November 2011, page 52
  3. 1 2 3 Schloss Archived 2019-01-03 at the Wayback Machine Bei: alt-idstein.info, retrieved 27 July 2014
  4. 1 2 Änderung, Letzte (21 November 2012). "Witches' Tower (1170)". City of Idstein. Retrieved 27 October 2014.
  5. ↑ Witch trial victims memorial, Idstein markcz.com, retrieved 27 October 2014
  6. ↑ Gartenweiber-Führung Idstein (in German) Hessischer Rundfunk. Retrieved 27 October 2014

Literature

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