John C. Campbell Folk School

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John C. Campbell Folk School Historic District
John C. Campbell Folk School sign in Brasstown, North Carolina.jpg
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LocationOff U.S. Route 64, Brasstown, North Carolina
Coordinates 35°02′14″N83°57′52″W / 35.0372°N 83.9645°W / 35.0372; -83.9645
Area300 acres (120 ha)
Built1925
ArchitectMultiple
NRHP reference No. 83001839 [1]
Added to NRHPAugust 22, 1983

The John C. Campbell Folk School, also referred to as "The Folk School", is located in Brasstown, North Carolina. It is the oldest and largest folk school in the United States. [2] [3] It is a non-profit adult educational organization based on non-competitive learning. The Folk School offers classes year-round in over fifty subject areas including art, craft, music, dance, and nature studies. Established in 1925, the Folk School's motto is "I sing behind the plow". [4]

Contents

A contra dance at the Folk School John C. Campbell Folk School contra dance in 2016.jpg
A contra dance at the Folk School

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a national historic district in 1983. [1] The district encompasses 19 contributing buildings. Notable buildings include the Farm House (pre-1925), Keith House (1926-1928), Log House Museum (19th century, 1926), Mill House (1928), (Former) Milking Barn (now Clay Spencer Blacksmith Shop, c. 1930), Hay Barn (1931), Tower House (1933), Rock House (c. 1932), and Hill House (c. 1932). [5]

The Folk School has more than 800 week-long and weekend classes year-round in traditional and contemporary arts, including blacksmithing, music, dance, cooking, gardening, nature studies, photography, storytelling, and writing. [6] The 300-acre campus includes a history museum, craft shop, nature trails, lodging, campground, and cafeteria. [7] The school also holds a regular concert series and community dances. The Folk School engages the community through a variety of dance teams including: Rapper Magic Sword, StiX in the Mud Border Morris, Dame's Rocket Northwest Clog, Rural Felicity Garland, and the JCCFS Cloggers.

The Folk School hosts more than 6,000 adult students and 100,000 visitors per year. [8]

The Fall Festival is the Folk School’s largest annual event, attracting thousands of people to the campus for crafts, food, and folk demonstrations. The festival has been held every year since 1974, except for 2020 and 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. [9]

Since at least 1954, the Folk School has also hosted an annual summer arts program for children called Little Middle. The Folk School launched its annual Friends & Family Day in 2022 for the community to tour studios and see demonstrations. [10]

History of the Folk School

After spending eighteen months traveling between Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland, visiting local schools along the way, Olive Dame Campbell and her colleague Marguerite Butler, began forming the John C. Campbell Folk School in 1925 in Brasstown, North Carolina, along the Cherokee County and Clay line. [11] This folk high school, or folkehøjskole, was dedicated to her late husband John C. Campbell, and was based on the Danish Folk School style of non competitive education, where no grades were given. Instead, students and teachers formed a community that worked together to help each other advance in various crafts such as blacksmithing. It was originally founded with an emphasis on agriculture and "the doing of life's work."

John C. Campbell, (1867–1919) was an American educator and reformer noted for his survey of social conditions in the southern Appalachia. He was born in Indiana and raised in Wisconsin; he studied education and theology in New England.

At the turn of the century, the Southern Appalachian region of the United States was viewed as being in need of educational and social missions. Recently married to Olive Dame of Massachusetts, John undertook a fact-finding survey of social conditions in the mountains in 1908–1909. The Campbells outfitted a wagon as a traveling home and studied mountain life from Georgia to West Virginia.

While John interviewed farmers about their agricultural practices, Olive collected Appalachian ballads and studied the handicrafts of the mountain people. Both were hopeful that the quality of life could be improved by education, and in turn, wanted to preserve and share with the rest of the world the crafts, techniques and tools that the people of the area used in everyday life.

The Folkehøjskole had long been a force in the rural life of Denmark. These schools for life helped transform the Danish countryside into a vibrant, creative force. The Campbells talked of establishing such a school in the rural southern United States as an alternative to the higher-education facilities that drew young people away from the family farm.

Davidson Hall at the Folk School Davidson Hall at the John C. Campbell Folk School in Brasstown, N.C. on Sep. 18, 2022.jpg
Davidson Hall at the Folk School

Several locations were under consideration for the experimental school. On an exploratory trip, Miss Butler discussed the idea with Fred O. Scroggs, Brasstown's local storekeeper, saying that she would be back in a few weeks to determine if area residents had any interest in the idea. When she returned, it was to a meeting of over 200 people at the local church. The people of far west North Carolina enthusiastically pledged labor, building materials and other support. [12]

The Brasstown Carvers started meeting at the Folk School in 1929. [13] A wood-carved mule from the Folk School stood on President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Oval Office desk in the 1930s. [14] [15] The Folk School also operated a creamery in the 1930s. It was equipped to churn 6,000 pounds of butter a week, one-third of which was sold to businesses in Atlanta. [14] The creamery produced ice cream and whole milk as well. [16]

As late as 1934 the Folk School and Brasstown operated in its own time zone. At that time Cherokee County operated on Central time and Clay County ran on Eastern time. Due to frequent gatherings at the Folk School, Brasstown clocks were set half-way in-between to avoid confusion. When it was 1 p.m. in Murphy and 2 p.m. in Hayesville, it was 1:30 p.m. in Brasstown. [14]

Class types offered

Craft classes include: Basketry; Carpentry; Glass beadmaking; Blacksmithing; Bookbinding; Broom Making; Dollmaking; Dyeing; Felt Making; Furniture Making; Lace; Leather; Metalwork; Needlework; Quilting; Rugs; Sewing; Soap Making; Spinning; Weaving; Woodturning; and Woodworking [ citation needed ]

Art classes include: Calligraphy; Clay; Drawing; Enameling; Glass; Jewelry; Kaleidoscopes; Knitting; Marbling; Mosaics; Painting; Paper Arts; Photography; Printmaking; Sculpture; and Woodcarving.[ citation needed ]

Other types of classes include: Baking; Cooking; Dance; Folklore; Gardening; Music; Nature Studies; Storytelling; and Writing. [17]

Accolades

The Folk School was named one of “100 Best Vacations to Enrich Your Life” by National Geographic magazine in 2007 and named “Best of the Road” by Rand McNally Atlas in 2005. [8]

Campus buildings

Note: Dates of construction given when known

Other buildings

Directors

  1. Olive Dame Campbell (1925-1946)
  2. Dagnall Folger (1946-1950)
  3. Howard Kester (1950-1951)
  4. George Bidstrup (1952-1967)
  5. John Ramsey (1967-1973)
  6. Wayne Kniffen (1973-1974)
  7. Gus and Maggie Masters (1974-1976)
  8. Esther Manchester (1976-1980)
  9. Bob Fink (1980-1985)
  10. Bob Grove (Interim) (1985)
  11. Ron Hill (1985-1991)
  12. Perry Kelley (Interim) (1991-1992)
  13. Jan Davidson (1992-2017)
  14. Phil Mattox (Interim) (2017)
  15. Jerry Jackson (2017-2023)
  16. Bethany Chaney (2023-present) [18]

Notable alumni and educators

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  2. ↑ Eiben, Vicky (2015). "A brief history of folk schools". Folk Education Association of America. Folk School Alliance. The John C. Campbell Folk School founded in 1925 in Brasstown, North Carolina is the largest folk school in the U.S. today.
  3. ↑ "region: Brasstown, Hayesville". Great Smoky Mountains North Carolina. Nation's oldest folk school founded in 1925.
  4. ↑ Fariello, M. Anna. "Making History: John C. Campbell Folk School". Craft Revival: Shaping Western North Carolina Past and Present. Western Carolina University. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  5. ↑ Michael Tesh Southern (September 1982). "John C. Campbell Folk School Historic District" (pdf). National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory. North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
  6. ↑ "25 Inspiring Folk Schools Rooted in Community and Traditional Know-How". Best Choice Schools. The more than 860 weekend and weeklong class offerings cover 48 subject areas.
  7. ↑ "John C. Campbell Folk School, Brasstown NC". Project 543. VisitNC.com. The school's 300-acre campus straddles Cherokee County and Clay County and includes a history center that includes visual art, fine and folk craft, music, historic film footage and photographs.
  8. 1 2 "Craft Today: John C. Campbell Folk School". Craft Revival: Shaping Western North Carolina Past and Present. Western Carolina University. 2007. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  9. ↑ Grand, Robert (September 6, 2023). "Folk School Fall Festival returning to Brasstown". Cherokee Scout. Murphy, N.C.: Community Newspapers, Inc.
  10. ↑ Slucher, Morgan (May 1, 2024). "Friends & Family Day Saturday at John C. Campbell Folk School". Cherokee Scout . Murphy, NC: Community Newspapers Inc. p. 9B.
  11. ↑ Archived July 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  12. ↑ "JCCFS Our History". Folkschool.org. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  13. ↑ "Brasstown Carvers – Blue Ridge National Heritage Area". www.blueridgeheritage.com. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
  14. 1 2 3 Robertson, Jr., A.T. (September 27, 1934). "TVA Co-operating In Brasstown Program" (PDF). The Cherokee Scout. Murphy, N.C. pp. 8–9.
  15. ↑ "Making History: Brasstown Carvers". CRAFT REVIVAL: Shaping Western North Carolina Past and Present. Western Carolina University library. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
  16. ↑ Padgett, Guy (1976). A History of Clay County, North Carolina. Clay County Bicentennial Committee.
  17. ↑ "Find A Class". folkschool.org.
  18. ↑ Keely, Harrison (April 5, 2023). "History Center". Google Maps.
  19. ↑ "If You Want To Sing Out, Sing Out With Aubrey Atwater". FolkSchool.org. John C. Campbell Folk School. July 2, 2013.
  20. ↑ Foster, Sarah (November 7, 2023). "Area blacksmith takes televised 'Forged' contest". Cherokee Scout. Murphy, N.C.: Community Newspapers, Inc. p. A1.
  21. ↑ Needleman, Deborah (March 22, 2018). "Lessons in the Humble Art of Broom-Making". New York Times.
  22. ↑ "Goodbye David Rakoff". FolkSchool.org. John C. Campbell Folk School. August 10, 2012.
  23. ↑ "Remembering Jean Ritchie". FolkSchool.org. John C. Campbell Folk School. June 9, 2015.
  24. ↑ Martin, Douglas (October 31, 1999). "Francis Whitaker, Blacksmith, Dies at 92". New York Times.

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