List of cities in Kazakhstan

Last updated May 31, 2024

As of April 2024, the share of Kazakhstan's urban population is 62.3%.^[1]

Name English	Name Kazakh	Previous name	City since	1979	1989	1999	2008	2023	Status	Province
Aktau	Ақтау Aqtau [ɑqtɑw]	Shevchenko	1963		159,245	143,396	180,373	270,886	2	Mangystau Province
Aktobe	Ақтөбе Aqtöbe [ɑqtɵbʲe]	Aktyubinsk	1880	190,569	253,532	253,088	285,507	560,820	2	Aktobe Province
Almaty	Алматы Almaty [ɑɫmɑtɯ]	Vernyy, Верный, Alma-Ata, Алма́-Ата́	1867	909,644	1,127,884	1,129,356	1,328,362	2,217,700	1	Capital 1929–1997
Astana	Астана Astana [ɑstɑnɑ]	Akmola, Akmolinsk, Tselinograd, Nur-Sultan	1831	233,638	277,365	312,965	389,189	1,417,214	1	Capital
Arkalyk	Арқалық Arqalyq [ɑɾqɑɫɯq]		1965	47,963	62,367	45,700	56,614	28,907	4	Kostanay Province
Atyrau	Атырау Atyrau [ɑtɯɾɑw]	Guryev	1885	130,916	149,261	142,497	158,308	315 274	2	Atyrau province
Baikonur	Байқоңыр Baiqoñyr [bɑjqɔŋəɾ]	Leninsk	1969		74,700	60,200	59,452	76 019	1	Kyzylorda Province
Balqash	Балқаш Balqaş [bɑɫqaʂ]		1937	78,145	86,742	81,100	86,897	81,364	3	Karagandy Province
Jezkazgan	Жезқазған Jezqazğan [ʐʲezqazɣɑn]	Dzhezkazgan	1954	89,200	107,053	103,400	112,154	85,012	3	Karagandy Province
Karaganda	Қарағанды Qarağandy [qɑɾɑɣɑndɯ]		1934	571,877	507,318	436,864	451,800	515,819	2	Karagandy Province
Kentau	Кентау Kentau [kʲentɑw]		1955	62,991	63,784	58,100	60,799	74,464	4	South Kazakhstan Province
Kyzylorda	Қызылорда Qyzylorda [qɯzɯɫɔɾda]	Perovsk, Ak-Mechet	1867	156,128	150,425	157,364	182,929	315 550	2	Kyzylorda Province
Kokshetau	Көкшетау Kökşetau [kɵkʂʲetɑw]	Kokchetav	1824	103,162	135,424	123,389	132,753	191 105	2	Akmola Province
Kostanay	Қостанай Qostanai [qɔstɑnɑj]	Kustanay	1893	164,500	223,558	221,429	249,395	265,718	2	Kostanay Province
Janaozen	Жаңаөзен Jañaözen [ʐɑŋɑɵzʲen]	Noviy Uzen'	1968	34,000	48,300	51,100	60,796	152 431	3	Mangystau Province
Pavlodar	Павлодар Pavlodar [pɑʋɫədɑɾ]		1861	272,895	329,681	320,400	354,809	367 254	2	Pavlodar Province
Petropavl	Петропавл Petropavl [pʲetɾəpɑʋɯɫ]	Petropavlovsk	1807	206,559	239,606	216,300	208,547	222 076	2	North Kazakhstan Province
Ridder	Риддер Ridder [ɾɪdˈdɛɾ]	Leninogorsk	1934	68,135	68,730	56,269	54,252	52 068	3	East Kazakhstan Region
Saran	Саран Saran [sɑɾɑn]		1954	54,878	63,900	48,500	49,082	34 636	3	Karagandy Province
Satpayev	Сәтбаев Sätbaev [sætpɑjef]		1973	48,700	59,343	62,900	73,874	68 379	3	Karagandy Region
Semey	Семей Semei [sʲemʲej]	Alash-kala, Semipalatinsk	1782	282,574	317,112	292,500	312,136	328 782	3	East Kazakhstan Region
Stepnogorsk	Степногорск Stepnogorsk [stʲepnɐɡɔɾsk]		1964	46,700	63,300	50,900	47,705	68 460	3	Akmola Province
Taldykorgan	Талдықорған Taldyqorğan [tɑɫdɯqɔɾɣɑn]		1944	87,948	118,623	107,100	114,728	168 674	2	Almaty Province
Taraz	Тараз Taraz [taɾaz]	Talas, Zhambyl, Aulie-Ata	ancient	263,793	303,961	330,125	398,233	427 394	2	Jambyl Province
Temirtau	Теміртау Temırtau [tʲemɘɾtɑw]		1945	213,026	213,551	181,800	179,520	171 890	3	Karagandy Province
Turkistan	Түркістан Türkıstan [tʏɾkɘstɑn]		ancient	66741	77,692	87,600	109,673	220,133	3	South Kazakhstan Province
Oral	Орал Oral [ɔɾɑɫ]	Uralsk	1613	167,352	199,522	212,900	255,489	254 380	2	West Kazakhstan Region
Oskemen	Өскемен Öskemen [ɵskʲemʲen]	Ust'-Kamenogorsk	1868	274,287	322,221	310,950	344,421	400,142	2	East Kazakhstan Region
Shymkent	Шымкент Şymkent [ʂɯmkʲent]	Chimkent, Chernyayev	Middle Ages	321,535	380,091	390,200	454,583	1,216,000	1	Shymkent
Shakhtinsk	Шахтинск Şahtinsk [ʂɑχtʲɪnsk]		1961	50,382	65,600	54,800	54,748	39 185	3	Karagandy Region
Schuchinsk	Щучинск Şçuçinsk [ɕutʃɪnsk]		1939		55,500	47,900	50,128	47 625	4	Akmola Province
Ekibastuz	Екібастұз Ekıbastūz [jekɘbɑsto̙z]		1957	65,871	135,006	137,200	158,165	152 509	3	Pavlodar Region

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Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian suffix "-stan" in both respective native languages and most other languages.

Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country mostly in Central Asia, with a part in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbekistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest, with a coastline along the Caspian Sea. Its capital is Astana, while the largest city and leading cultural and commercial hub is Almaty. Kazakhstan is the world's ninth-largest country by land area and the largest landlocked country. It has a population of 20 million and one of the lowest population densities in the world, at fewer than 6 people per square kilometre. Ethnic Kazakhs constitute a majority, while ethnic Russians form a significant minority. Officially secular, Kazakhstan is a Muslim-majority country, although ethnic Russians in the country form a sizeable Christian community.

Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia. With an area of about 2,724,900 square kilometers (1,052,100 sq mi) Kazakhstan is more than twice the combined size of the other four Central Asian states and 60% larger than Alaska. The country borders Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan to the south; Russia to the north; Russia and the Caspian Sea to the west; and China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to the east.

The demographics of Kazakhstan enumerate the demographic features of the population of Kazakhstan, including population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. Some use the word Kazakh to refer to the Kazakh ethnic group and language and Kazakhstani to refer to Kazakhstan and its citizens regardless of ethnicity, but it is common to use Kazakh in both senses. It is expected that by 2050, the population will range from 23.5 to 27.7 million people.

Astana, previously known as Akmolinsk, Tselinograd, Akmola, and most recently Nur-Sultan, is the capital city of Kazakhstan.

Kyrgyzstan, officially the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia, lying in the Tian Shan and Pamir mountain ranges. Bishkek is the capital and largest city of the country. Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and China to the east and southeast. Ethnic Kyrgyz make up the majority of the country's 7 million people, followed by significant minorities of Uzbeks and Russians.

The Kazakhstan national football team represents Kazakhstan in men's international football and it is governed by the Kazakhstan Football Federation. They split from the Soviet Union national football team after independence in 1991 and joined the Asian Football Confederation's Central Asian Football Federation. After failing to qualify for the 1998 and 2002 FIFA World Cups, they joined UEFA, but are yet to qualify for a FIFA World Cup or a UEFA European Championship.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atyrau Region</span> Region of Kazakhstan

Atyrau Region formerly known as Guryev Region, until 1991, is one of the regions of Kazakhstan, in the west of the country around the northeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Atyrau, with a population of 355,117; the region itself has a population of 681,241, of which Kazakhs make up more than 90%.

The saiga antelope, or saiga, is a species of antelope which during antiquity inhabited a vast area of the Eurasian steppe, spanning the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains in the northwest and Caucasus in the southwest into Mongolia in the northeast and Dzungaria in the southeast. During the Pleistocene, it ranged across the mammoth steppe from the British Isles to Beringia. Today, the dominant subspecies only occurs in Kalmykia and Astrakhan Oblast of Russia and in the Ural, Ustyurt and Betpak-Dala regions of Kazakhstan. A portion of the Ustyurt population migrates south to Uzbekistan and occasionally to Turkmenistan in winter. It is regionally extinct in Romania, Ukraine, Moldova, China and southwestern Mongolia. The Mongolian subspecies occurs only in western Mongolia.

FC Kaysar is a Kazakh professional football club based in the Gany Muratbayev Stadium in Kyzylorda. They are founding members of the Kazakhstan Premier League and have missed only three seasons following relegations. Their most successful was the season of 1998, where they won the Kazakhstan Cup and came fourth in the league. Also they won Kazakhstan Cup in 2019.

The Germans of Kazakhstan or German Kazakhstanis are a minority in Kazakhstan, and make up a small percentage of the population. Today they live mostly in the northeastern part of the country between the cities of Astana and Oskemen, the majority being urban dwellers.

Koryo-saram or Koryoin are ethnic Koreans of the former Soviet Union, who descend from Koreans that were living in the Russian Far East.

According to various polls, the majority of Kazakhstan's citizens, primarily ethnic Kazakhs, identify as Sunni Muslims. In 2020, Shia Muslims made up 0.55% of the population.

Kazakhstan–Russia relations are the bilateral foreign relations between Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. Kazakhstan has an embassy in Moscow, a consulate-general in Saint Petersburg, Astrakhan, and Omsk. Russia has an embassy in Astana and consulates in Almaty and Oral.

China–Kazakhstan relations refer to the relations between historical China and the Kazakhs up to the modern relations between the PRC and Kazakhstan. Ever since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1992, political, cultural, and economic ties have developed between the two. The Chinese Communist Party and Kazakhstan's Amanat have good ties. China has said that it values exchanges between the two parties and hopes to strengthen ties and cooperation even further.

Oskemen ) or Ust-Kamenogorsk is the largest city in the east of Kazakhstan and the administrative center of East Kazakhstan Region of Kazakhstan.

Kazakhstan is a multiethnic country where the indigenous ethnic group, the Kazakhs, comprise the majority of the population. As of 2024, ethnic Kazakhs are about 71% of the population and ethnic Russians in Kazakhstan are about 14.9%. These are the two dominant ethnic groups in the country with a wide array of other groups represented, including Ukrainians, Uzbeks, Germans, Tatars, Chechens, Ingush, Uyghurs, Koreans, and Meskhetian Turks.

Aktau or Aqtau, Russian: Актау) is a city in Kazakhstan, located on the eastern shore of the Caspian Sea. Its current name means 'white mountain' in Kazakh, which may be due to its cliffs that overlook the Caspian. From 1964 to 1991, the city was known as Shevchenko. Its former name was given due to the eponymous Ukrainian poet's period of exile in the area. It is located on the Mangyshlak Peninsula and is the capital of the Mangystau Region.

Aktobe is a city on the Ilek River in Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center of the Aktobe Region. In 2023, it had a population of 560,820.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shymkent</span> City of republican significance, Kazakhstan

Shymkent is a city in Kazakhstan, near the border with Uzbekistan. It is one of three Kazakh cities that have the status of a city of republican significance that of a region. It is the third-most populous city in Kazakhstan, behind Almaty and Astana, with an estimated population of 1,002,291 as of 1 June 2018. According to regional and city officials, the millionth resident of Shymkent was born on 17 May 2018. It is a regional cultural centre. Shymkent is situated 690 kilometres (430 mi) west of Almaty and 1,483 kilometres (920 mi) south of Astana. It is also 120 kilometres (75 mi) to the north of Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

References

↑ "Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan by gender and type of locality (as of April 1, 2024)". stat.gov.kz.

External links

Map at archive.today (archived 5 January 2013)

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[:0-1] "Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan by gender and type of locality (as of April 1, 2024)". stat.gov.kz.

[1]

v t e Cities in Kazakhstan
Capital	Astana
Other cities	Aktau Aktobe Almaty Arkalyk Atyrau Baikonur Balkhash Ekibastuz Jezkazgan Kapchagay Karaganda Kentau Kokshetau Kostanay Kyzylorda Uralsk Ust-Kamenogorsk Pavlodar Petropavlovsk Ridder Saran Satbayev Semey Shymkent Stepnogorsk Taldıqorğan Taraz Temirtau Turkistan Zhanaozen

v t e List of cities in Asia
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Dependencies and other territories	British Indian Ocean Territory Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Hong Kong Macau
Category Asia portal

v t e List of towns in Asia
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States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Northern Cyprus Palestine South Ossetia Taiwan
Dependencies and other territories	British Indian Ocean Territory Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Hong Kong Macau
Category Asia portal

v t e Lists of cities in Europe
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States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Kosovo Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria
Dependencies and other entities	Gibraltar

v t e List of towns in Europe
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States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Kosovo Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria
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List of cities in Kazakhstan

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