Eugene Volokh is an American legal scholar known for his scholarship in American constitutional law and libertarianism as well as his prominent legal blog,The Volokh Conspiracy. Volokh is regarded as an expert on the First Amendment,and the Second Amendment. He is the Gary T. Schwartz Professor of Law at the University of California,Los Angeles,and is an affiliate at the law firm Schaerr Jaffe.
Constitution in Exile is a controversial term that refers to the situation resulting from provisions of the United States Constitution allegedly not having been enforced according to their "original intent" or "original meaning". Some originalists might argue,for example,that the Commerce Clause and Necessary and Proper Clause do not authorize economic legislation dating all the way back to the New Deal.
The Volokh Conspiracy is a legal blog co-founded in 2002 by law professor Eugene Volokh,covering legal and political issues from an ideological orientation it describes as "generally libertarian,conservative,centrist,or some mixture of these." It is one of the most widely read and cited legal blogs in the United States. The blog is written by legal scholars and provides discussion on complex court decisions.
Katz v. United States,389 U.S. 347 (1967),was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court redefined what constitutes a "search" or "seizure" with regard to the protections of the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The ruling expanded the Fourth Amendment's protections from an individual's "persons,houses,papers,and effects",as specified in the Constitution's text,to include any areas where a person has a "reasonable expectation of privacy". The reasonable expectation of privacy standard,now known as the Katz test,was formulated in a concurring opinion by Justice John Marshall Harlan II.
Elena Kagan is an American lawyer who serves as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. She was appointed in 2010 by President Barack Obama and is the fourth woman to serve on the Court.
Kyllo v. United States,533 U.S. 27 (2001),was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States in which the court ruled that the use of thermal imaging devices to monitor heat radiation in or around a person's home,even if conducted from a public vantage point,is unconstitutional without a search warrant. In its majority opinion,the court held that thermal imaging constitutes a "search" under the Fourth Amendment,as the police were using devices to "explore details of the home that would previously have been unknowable without physical intrusion." The ruling has been noted for refining the reasonable expectation of privacy doctrine in light of new surveillance technologies,and when those are used in areas that are accessible to the public. This case has been praised by legal scholars since the Court refused to be the arbiter to determine "what is and is not intimate" and thus worthy of protection. Instead,the Court opted to focus on "the invasiveness of the technology itself" and its ability to enable all kinds of government surveillance in the home.
Search incident to a lawful arrest,commonly known as search incident to arrest (SITA) or the Chimel rule,is a U.S. legal principle that allows police to perform a warrantless search of an arrested person,and the area within the arrestee’s immediate control,in the interest of officer safety,the prevention of escape,and the preservation of evidence.
David Frank Levi is an American jurist and former Dean of the Duke University School of Law. From 1990 to 2007,he was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California,serving as Chief Judge from 2003 to 2007. At the time Levi left the bench,he was widely considered to be one of the top federal judges in the nation. He had been mentioned as a possible nominee to the Supreme Court.
Jerry Edwin Smith is an American attorney and jurist serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.
Herring v. United States,555 U.S. 135 (2009),was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States on January 14,2009. The court decided that the good-faith exception to the exclusionary rule applies when a police officer makes an arrest based on an outstanding warrant in another jurisdiction,but the information regarding that warrant is later found to be incorrect because of a negligent error by that agency.
Pamela Susan Karlan is an American legal scholar who was the principal deputy assistant attorney general in the Civil Rights Division of the United States Department of Justice from February 8,2021 until July 1,2022. She is a professor at Stanford Law School. A leading legal scholar on voting rights and constitutional law,she previously served as U.S. Deputy Assistant Attorney General for Voting Rights in the DOJ's Civil Rights Division from 2014 to 2015.
Ontario v. Quon,560 U.S. 746 (2010),is a United States Supreme Court case concerning the extent to which the right to privacy applies to electronic communications in a government workplace. It was an appeal by the city of Ontario,California,from a Ninth Circuit decision holding that it had violated the Fourth Amendment rights of two of its police officers when it disciplined them following an audit of pager text messages that discovered many of those messages were personal in nature,some sexually explicit. The Court unanimously held that the audit was work-related and thus did not violate the Fourth Amendment's protections against unreasonable search and seizure.
O'Connor v. Ortega,480 U.S. 709 (1987),is a United States Supreme Court decision on the Fourth Amendment rights of government employees with regard to administrative searches in the workplace,during investigations by supervisors for violations of employee policy rather than by law enforcement for criminal offenses. It was brought by Magno Ortega,a doctor at a California state hospital after his supervisors found allegedly inculpatory evidence in his office while he was on administrative leave pending an investigation of alleged misconduct. Some of what they uncovered was later used to impeach a witness who testified on his behalf at the hearing where he unsuccessfully appealed his dismissal.
United States v. Jones,565 U.S. 400 (2012),was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that installing a Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking device on a vehicle and using the device to monitor the vehicle's movements constitutes a search under the Fourth Amendment.
Caleb E. Nelson is the Emerson G. Spies Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of Virginia School of Law.
Ilya Somin is a law professor at George Mason University,B. Kenneth Simon Chair in Constitutional Studies at the Cato Institute,a blogger for the Volokh Conspiracy,and a former co-editor of the Supreme Court Economic Review (2006–2013). His research focuses on constitutional law,property law,migration rights,and the study of popular political participation and its implications for constitutional democracy.
Los Angeles v. Patel,576 U.S. 409 (2015),was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a Los Angeles law,Municipal Code §41.49,requiring hotel operators to retain records about guests for a ninety-day period is facially unconstitutional under the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution because it does not allow for pre-compliance review.
William Patrick Baude is an American legal scholar who specializes in U.S. constitutional law. He currently serves as the Harry Kalven Jr. Professor of Law at the University of Chicago Law School and is the director of its Constitutional Law Institute. He is a scholar of constitutional law and originalism.
Robert F. Brauneis is a professor of intellectual property law at the George Washington University Law School.
Gregory Eaton Maggs is an American lawyer and jurist who serves as a federal judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. He was previously the Arthur Selwyn Miller Research Professor of Law and Co-Director of the National Security &U.S. Foreign Relations Law Program at the George Washington University Law School.
