Orpington (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Orpington
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Orpington2007Constituency.svg
Boundary of Orpington in Greater Londonfor the 2010 general election
County Greater London
Electorate 68,221 (December 2010) [1]
Major settlements Orpington and Biggin Hill
Current constituency
Created 1945
Member of Parliament Gareth Bacon (Conservative)
SeatsOne
Created from Chislehurst and Dartford

Orpington is a constituency [n 1] created in 1945 and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2019 by Gareth Bacon, a Conservative. [n 2] It is the largest constituency in Greater London by area, covering the east and south of the London Borough of Bromley. [2]

Contents

History

Orpington was created in a major boundary review enacted at the 1945 general election, which followed an absence of reviews since 1918. The seats of Dartford and Chislehurst had both seen their electorate grow enormously into newly built houses since the 1918 review and were treated as one and reformed into four seats, creating the additional seats of Bexley and this one in 1945.

Political history

The seat has been won by a Conservative since creation except for the 1962, 1964 and 1966 Liberal Party wins of Eric Lubbock.

The 2015 result made the seat the 43rd safest of the Conservative Party's 331 seats by percentage of majority. [3]

Role in the Liberal Party revival

The seat is famous for its 1962 by-election when it was taken in a shock result and substantial victory by the Liberal Party candidate Eric Lubbock. [4] He lost the seat in the 1970 general election.

The constituency shared boundaries with the Orpington electoral division for election of councillors to the Greater London Council at elections in 1973, 1977 and 1981.

Boundaries

Orpington in Kent, boundaries used from 1955 to 1974 Orpington1955Constiuency.svg
Orpington in Kent, boundaries used from 1955 to 1974
Map showing the wards of the Orpington parliamentary constituency (red) within the London Borough of Bromley (yellow). Cray Valley West (orange) was included in the constituency at the election in 2005 but transferred to Bromley and Chislehurst in 2010. Orpington-P-C.GIF
Map showing the wards of the Orpington parliamentary constituency (red) within the London Borough of Bromley (yellow). Cray Valley West (orange) was included in the constituency at the election in 2005 but transferred to Bromley and Chislehurst in 2010.

1945–1950: The urban district of Orpington, and part of the municipal boroughs of Beckenham and Bromley. [5]

1950–1955: The urban district of Orpington, and the rural district of Dartford except the parishes of Darenth, Stone, Sutton at Hone, and Wilmington. [6]

1955–1974: The urban district of Orpington. [7]

1974–1983: The London Borough of Bromley wards of Biggin Hill, Chelsfield, Darwin, Farnborough, Goddington, Petts Wood, and St Mary Cray. [8]

1983–1997: In the same borough: Chelsfield and Goddington, Crofton, Farnborough, Orpington Central, Petts Wood and Knoll, and St Mary Cray.

1997–2010: In the same borough: Biggin Hill, Chelsfield and Goddington, Crofton, Darwin, Farnborough, Orpington Central, Petts Wood and Knoll, St Mary Cray, and St Paul's Cray.

2010–present: In the same borough: Biggin Hill, Chelsfield and Pratts Bottom, Cray Valley East, Darwin, Farnborough and Crofton, Orpington, and Petts Wood and Knoll.

Boundary changes

The seat has changed a little in subsequent boundary reviews since 1945. For the 1997 general election the Ravensbourne seat which had emerged in the west by Bromley was divided between three constituencies which before then overshot the London Borough of Bromley, adding to Orpington the community of Biggin Hill.

Proposed

Orpington in 2023 Orpington 2023 Constituency.svg
Orpington in 2023

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, enacted by the Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023, from the 2024 general election, the constituency will be composed of the following wards of the London Borough of Bromley (as they existed on 1 December 2020):

1.Area marked “4” on the map of the Orpington constituency produced by the Boundary Commission for England [10]

The boundary with Bromley and Chislehurst (to be renamed Bromley and Biggin Hill) will be realigned with Cray Valley West ward being transferred in (thus uniting the two Cray Valley wards), offset by the loss of Biggin Hill.

Following a local government boundary review which came into effect in May 2022, [11] [12] the constituency will now comprise the following wards of the London Borough of Bromley from the 2024 general election:

Constituency profile

The constituency is in the quite uniformly larger-housing dominated London Borough of Bromley, [14] which has low unemployment [15] and forms the southeastern limits of Greater London. It contains the largely buffered settlements of St Mary Cray, parts of St Pauls Cray, Swanley and Ruxley, then ascends through Orpington, Farnborough, and Chelsfield to the uppermost tracts of the North Downs and to the Biggin Hill settlement, which has an airport [16] and retains some of the hill-farming and woodland which dominated the area through the Industrial Revolution until the inter-war period. [17]

The wealth of the Conservative vote comes from Biggin Hill, Biggin Hill Valley, Downe and Orpington. The area mainly comprises detached and semi-detached houses surrounded by winding roads and vast areas of parkland,[ citation needed ] which since the seat's creation have continually returned Conservative candidates, with the exception of 1962, when a Liberal MP was elected.

Members of Parliament

ElectionMember [18] Party
1945 Sir Waldron Smithers Conservative
1955 by-election Donald Sumner Conservative
1962 by-election Eric Lubbock Liberal
1970 Ivor Stanbrook Conservative
1992 John Horam Conservative
2010 Jo Johnson Conservative
2019 Gareth Bacon Conservative

Elections

Elections in the 2020s

General election 2024: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Gareth Bacon [19]
Liberal Democrats Graeme Casey [20]
Reform UK Mark James [21]
Green Seamus McCauley [22]
Labour Ju Owens [23]

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Orpington [24] [25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Gareth Bacon 30,882 63.4 +0.5
Labour Simon Jeal8,50417.5-6.9
Liberal Democrats Allan Tweddle7,55215.5+8.9
Green Karen Wheller1,7833.7+1.6
Majority22,37845.9+7.4
Turnout 48,72170.7-3.6
Registered electors 68,884
Conservative hold Swing +3.7
General election 2017: Orpington [26] [27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Jo Johnson 31,762 62.9 +5.5
Labour Nigel de Gruchy 12,30924.4+8.8
Liberal Democrats Alex Feakes3,3156.6-0.2
UKIP Brian Philp2,0234.0-12.7
Green Tamara Galloway1,0602.1-1.4
Majority19,45338.5-2.2
Turnout 50,46974.3+1.7
Registered electors 67,902
Conservative hold Swing -1.6

By numerical vote share, the 2017 general election saw Orpington become the safest Conservative seat in London.

General election 2015: Orpington [28] [29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Jo Johnson 28,152 57.4 -2.3
UKIP Idham Ramadi [30] 8,17316.7+13.9
Labour Nigel de Gruchy 7,64515.6+6.6
Liberal Democrats Peter Brooks3,3306.8-17.7
Green Tamara Galloway [31] 1,7323.5+2.5
Majority19,97940.7+5.5
Turnout 49,03272.6+0.4
Registered electors 68,129
Conservative hold Swing -8.1
General election 2010: Orpington [32]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Jo Johnson 29,200 59.7 +8.5
Liberal Democrats David McBride12,00024.5-15.9
Labour Stephen Morgan4,4009.0+3.0
UKIP Mick Greenhough1,3602.8+0.4
BNP Tess Culnane1,2412.5New
Green Tamara Galloway5111.0New
English Democrat Chris Snape1990.4New
Majority17,20035.2+26.2
Turnout 48,91172.2-0.2
Registered electors 67,732
Conservative hold Swing +12.2

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Orpington [33]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Horam 26,718 48.8 +4.9
Liberal Democrats Chris Maines21,77139.8-3.5
Labour Emily Bird4,9149.0-1.8
UKIP Mick Greenhough1,3312.4+0.4
Majority4,9479.0+8.4
Turnout 54,73469.9+5.3
Registered electors 78,240
Conservative hold Swing +4.2
General election 2001: Orpington [34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Horam 22,334 43.9 +3.3
Liberal Democrats Chris Maines22,06543.3+7.6
Labour Chris A. Purnell5,51710.8-7.1
UKIP John B. Youles9962.0+1.1
Majority2690.6-4.3
Turnout 50,91264.6-11.7
Registered electors 78,853
Conservative hold Swing -2.2

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Orpington [35]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Horam 24,417 40.6 -16.6
Liberal Democrats Chris Maines21,46535.7+5.5
Labour Sue Polydorou10,75317.9+6.4
Referendum David Clark2,3163.8New
UKIP James Carver 5260.9New
Liberal Robin Almond4940.8-0.3
ProLife Alliance Nicholas Wilton1910.3New
Majority2,9524.9-22.1
Turnout 60,16276.3-7.4
Registered electors 78,831
Conservative hold Swing -11.0
General election 1992: Orpington [36]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Horam 27,421 57.2 −1.0
Liberal Democrats Chris Maines14,48630.2−0.8
Labour Stephen J. Cowan5,51211.5+0.8
Liberal Robin Almond5391.1New
Majority12,93527.0-0.2
Turnout 47,95883.7+5.2
Registered electors 57,318
Conservative hold Swing -0.1

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Orpington [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ivor Stanbrook 27,261 58.2 +0.9
Alliance (Liberal) Jonathan Fryer 14,52931.0−3.5
Labour Steven Cowan5,02010.7+3.0
Majority12,73227.2+4.4
Turnout 46,81078.5+2.5
Registered electors 59,608
Conservative hold Swing +2.2
General election 1983: Orpington [38]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ivor Stanbrook 25,569 57.3 -0.7
Alliance (Liberal)John Cook15,41834.5+5.5
Labour David Bean3,4397.7-4.2
BNP L.T. Taylor2150.5New
Majority10,15122.8-6.2
Turnout 44,64176.0-5.7
Registered electors 58,759
Conservative hold Swing -3.2

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ivor Stanbrook 32,150 58.0 +11.0
Liberal John Cook [39] 16,07429.0-8.3
Labour Anne Weyman [39] 6,58111.9-3.7
National Front Frank Hitches [39] 5160.9New
Homeland PartyIan MacKillian [39] 1460.3New
Majority16,07629.0+19.3
Turnout 55,46781.7+2.7
Registered electors 67,917
Conservative hold Swing +9.6
General election October 1974: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ivor Stanbrook 24,394 47.0 -0.2
Liberal Lady Avebury19,38437.3-3.4
Labour C. Spillane8,12115.6+3.5
Majority5,0109.7+3.1
Turnout 51,89979.0-7.1
Registered electors 65,686
Conservative hold Swing +1.6
General election February 1974: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ivor Stanbrook 26,435 47.2 -0.1
Liberal Robin Young22,77140.7-4.0
Labour David Grant6,75212.1+4.1
Majority3,6646.6+4.0
Turnout 55,59886.1+7.0
Registered electors 64,967
Conservative hold Swing +2.0
General election 1970: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ivor Stanbrook 24,385 47.3 +4.0
Liberal Eric Lubbock 23,06344.7-2.0
Labour David Grant4,0988.0-2.1
Majority1,3222.6N/A
Turnout 51,54679.1-7.9
Registered electors 65,191
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +3.0

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Eric Lubbock 22,615 46.7 -1.7
Conservative Norris McWhirter 20,99343.3+1.5
Labour David Jonathan Sleigh4,87010.1+0.2
Majority1,6223.4-3.2
Turnout 48,47886.91.6
Registered electors 55,776
Liberal hold Swing -1.6
General election 1964: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Eric Lubbock 22,637 48.4 +27.2
Conservative Norris McWhirter 19,56541.8-14.8
Labour Peter A W Merriton4,6099.9-12.3
Majority3,0726.6N/A
Turnout 46,81185.3+5.0
Registered electors 54,846
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing
1962 Orpington by-election [40]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Eric Lubbock 22,846 52.9 +31.7
Conservative Peter Goldman14,99134.7-21.9
Labour Alan Jinkinson 5,35012.4-9.8
Majority7,85518.2N/A
Turnout 43,18780.3-2.5
Registered electors 53,779
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +26.8

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Donald Sumner 24,303 56.6 -3.3
Labour Norman John Hart9,54322.2-5.4
Liberal Jack Omar Galloway9,09221.2+8.7
Majority14,76034.4+1.1
Turnout 42,93882.8+3.4
Registered electors 51,872
Conservative hold Swing +0.6
General election 1955: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Donald Sumner 22,166 59.9 -2.8
Labour Norman John Hart10,23027.6-9.8
Liberal Alfred Baldock Howard4,61012.5new
Majority11,93632.3+7.0
Turnout 37,00679.4-2.6
Registered electors 46,581
Conservative hold Swing +3.5
1955 Orpington by-election [41]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Donald Sumner 20,082 65.8 +3.1
Labour R. David Vaughan Williams10,42634.2-3.2
Majority9,65631.6+6.3
Turnout 30,50855.4-26.6
Registered electors 55,069
Conservative hold Swing +3.1
General election 1951: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Waldron Smithers 27,244 62.7 +6.0
Labour R. David Vaughan Williams16,24137.4+4.6
Majority11,00325.3+1.4
Turnout 43,48582.0-3.1
Registered electors 53,023
Conservative hold Swing +0.7
General election 1950: Orpington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Waldron Smithers 24,450 56.7 +8.1
Labour George H. C. Vaughan14,16132.8-5.0
Liberal Ruth Abrahams 4,52310.5-1.8
Majority10,28923.9+13.1
Turnout 43,13485.1+12.4
Registered electors 50,704
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Orpington [42]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Waldron Smithers 20,388 48.6
Labour Alan Raymond Mais15,84637.8
Liberal Edward Rogers Goodfellow5,14012.3
Independent Guy Chandler Milner5281.3
Majority4,54210.8
Turnout 41,90272.7
Registered electors 57,625
Conservative win (new seat)

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
  2. ↑ As with all constituencies, Orpington elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

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References

  1. ↑ "Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
  2. ↑ "PM's brother quits as MP and minister". BBC. 5 September 2019. Archived from the original on 5 September 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
  3. ↑ "Conservative Members of Parliament 2015". UK Political.info. Archived from the original on 8 June 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
  4. ↑ On This Day - "1962: Liberals seize Orpington" Archived 2012-10-23 at the Wayback Machine BBC News
  5. ↑ "The House of Commons (Redistribution of Seats) Order 1945. SI 1945/701". Statutory Rules and Orders 1945. Vol. I. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. 1946. pp. 682–698.
  6. ↑ "Representation of the People Act 1948: Schedule 1", legislation.gov.uk , The National Archives, 1948 c. 65 (sch.1), retrieved 23 July 2023
  7. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (North Kent) Order 1955. SI 1955/13". Statutory Instruments 1955. Part II. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 1956. pp. 2155–2156.
  8. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (London Borough of Bromley) Order 1971. SI 1971/2112". Statutory Instruments 1971. Part III Section 2. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 1972. pp. 6228–6230.
  9. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule 1 Part 3 London region.
  10. ↑ "The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume three: Maps | Boundary Commission for England | Page 4". boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk. Map 164. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  11. ↑ LGBCE. "Bromley | LGBCE". www.lgbce.org.uk. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  12. ↑ "The London Borough of Bromley (Electoral Changes) Order 2021".
  13. ↑ "New Seat Details - Orpington". www.electoralcalculus.co.uk. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  14. ↑ 2011 census interactive maps Archived 2016-01-29 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ↑ Unemployment claimants by constituency Archived 2017-08-02 at the Wayback Machine The Guardian
  16. ↑ "OS Maps - online and App mapping system - Ordnance Survey Shop". getamap.ordnancesurvey.co.uk. Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
  17. ↑ Samuel Lewis (publisher) (1848). "Orpington - Osgoodby". A Topographical Dictionary of England. Institute of Historical Research. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2013. A
  18. ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "O"
  19. ↑ "Orpington Conservative Party Gareth Bacon". Orpington Conservative Party . Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  20. ↑ "Liberal Democrat Prospective Parliamentary Candidates". Mark Pack . Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  21. ↑ "Reform UK Prospective Parliamentary Candidates". Reform UK . Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  22. ↑ "Our Candidates". The Green Party. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  23. ↑ "Labour Prospective Parliamentary Candidates". Orpington Labour Party . Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  24. ↑ "Statement of Persons Nominated General Election 2019 - Orpington constituency". London Borough of Bromley . Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  25. ↑ "Commons Briefing Paper 8749. General Election 2019: results and analysis" (PDF). London: House of Commons Library. 28 January 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  26. ↑ "Orpington parliamentary constituency". BBC News. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  27. ↑ "Commons Briefing Paper 7979. General Election 2017: results and analysis" (PDF) (Second ed.). House of Commons Library. 29 January 2019 [7 April 2018]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 November 2019.
  28. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
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  30. ↑ "Tweets with replies by Idham Ramadi (@idhamramadi) - Twitter". twitter.com. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
  31. ↑ london.greenparty.org.uk/elections/2015-general-election.html
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  33. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  34. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  35. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  36. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  37. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  38. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  39. 1 2 3 4 Election Expenses. Parliament of the United Kingdom. 1980. p. 10. ISBN   0102374805.
  40. ↑ "1962 By Election Results". Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  41. ↑ British Parliament by-election: 1955
  42. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press, revised edition 1977)

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