Paraserianthes

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Paraserianthes
Paraserianthes lophantha - Photographed on the west side of Buena Vista Park, San Francisco.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Clade: Mimosoid clade
Genus: Paraserianthes
I.C.Nielsen (1983)
Species:
P. lophantha
Binomial name
Paraserianthes lophantha
Synonyms [3]
  • Acacia lophantha(Vent.) Willd. (1806)
  • Albizia distachya(Vent.) J.F.Macbr. (1919)
  • Albizia lophantha(Vent.) Benth. (1844)
  • Feuilleea distachya(Vent.) Kuntze (1891)
  • Mimosa distachyaVent. (1800), nom. illeg.
  • Mimosa lophanthaVent. (1800)
  • Sericandra lophantha(Vent.) Raf. (1838)

Paraserianthes lophantha (syn. Albizia lophantha), the Cape Leeuwin wattle, Bicol wattle, Cape wattle, crested wattle or plume albizia, is a fast-growing tree with creamy-yellow, bottlebrush like flowers. [4] It is the sole species in genus Paraserianthes. [5]

Contents

It is a small tree (uppermost height approximately 5 metres) that occurs naturally along the southwest coast of Western Australia, from Fremantle to King George Sound. [6] It is also native to Sumatra, Java, and the Lesser Sunda Islands. [3] It was first spread beyond southwest Australia by Baron Ferdinand von Mueller, who gave packets of P. lophantha seeds to early explorers under the assumption that if they planted the seeds at their campsites, the trees would indicate the routes they travelled. [7]

It is considered a weed in the parts of Australia where it is not indigenous, [8] as well as in New Zealand, South Africa, the Canary Islands, the Philippines and Chile. [9]

Taxonomy

It was first described in 1806 as Acacia lophantha by Willdenow, but was transferred to the genus Paraserianthes by Nielsen, Guinet and Baretta-Kuipers in 1983. [1] [2]

The genus Paraserianthes originally comprised four species, divided into two sections based on morphological traits by Nielsen. [10] [11] Section Paraserianthes included P. lophantha with two recognized subspecies, and section Falcataria included three species (P. falcataria, P. pullenii, and P. toona). [10] [11]

Based on morphology P. falcataria(L.) I.C.Nielsen was moved to the genus Falcataria by Barneby and Grimes, [12] and renamed Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes. [12] Brown et al. used biogeographical, morphological and molecular studies to completely separate of these sections into two genera as Paraserianthes sensu Nielsen was paraphyletic. [13] Now P. pullenii(Verdc.) I.C. Nielsen [10] [11] = Falcataria pullenii (Verdc.) G.K. Brown, D.J. Murphy & P.Y. Ladiges; [13] and P. toona(F.M. Bailey) I.C. Nielsen [10] [11] = Falcataria toona (Bailey), G.K. Brown, D.J. Murphy & P.Y. Ladiges. [13] Paraserianthes section remained in the genus with only Paraserianthes lophantha. [13]

Subspecies

This species includes two subspecies: [13]

Seed pods Paraserianthes lophantha seed pods.jpg
Seed pods
Inflorescence Paraserianthes lophantha subsp. lophantha (8694950015).jpg
Inflorescence

See also

Related Research Articles

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The Mimosoideae are a traditional subfamily of trees, herbs, lianas, and shrubs in the pea family (Fabaceae) that mostly grow in tropical and subtropical climates. They are typically characterized by having radially symmetric flowers, with petals that are twice divided (valvate) in bud and with numerous showy, prominent stamens.

<i>Albizia</i> Genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae

Albizia is a genus of more than 160 species of mostly fast-growing subtropical and tropical trees and shrubs in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae. The genus is pantropical, occurring in Asia, Africa, Madagascar, America and Australia, but mostly in the Old World tropics. In some locations, some species are considered weeds.

<i>Abarema</i> Genus of legumes

Abarema is a neotropical genus in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Brazil, Cuba, and Venezuela. Most of the species can be found in the Amazon Basin and the Guyana Highlands. They have a deep-green fernlike foliage, with bipinnately compound leaves.

In botany, the correct name according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) is the one and only botanical name that is to be used for a particular taxon, when that taxon has a particular circumscription, position and rank. Determining whether a name is correct is a complex procedure. The name must be validly published, a process which is defined in no less than 16 Articles of the ICN. It must also be "legitimate", which imposes some further requirements. If there are two or more legitimate names for the same taxon, then the correct name is the one which has priority, i.e. it was published earliest, although names may be conserved if they have been very widely used. Validly published names other than the correct name are called synonyms. Since taxonomists may disagree as to the circumscription, position or rank of a taxon, there can be more than one correct name for a particular plant. These may also be called synonyms.

<i>Acacia</i> Genus of plants

Acacia, commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a genus of about 1084 species of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae. Initially, it comprised a group of plant species native to Africa, South America and Australasia, but is now reserved for species mainly from Australia, with others from New Guinea, Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean. The genus name is Neo-Latin, borrowed from the Greek ἀκακία, a term used by Dioscorides for a preparation extracted from the leaves and fruit pods of Vachellia nilotica, the original type of the genus. In his Pinax (1623), Gaspard Bauhin mentioned the Greek ἀκακία from Dioscorides as the origin of the Latin name.

<i>Acacia denticulosa</i> Species of legume

Acacia denticulosa, commonly known as sandpaper wattle, is a species of Acacia native to the south-west of Western Australia. A spindly shrub 1–4 m high, it flowers from September to October, producing dense, curved, yellow flower spikes.

<i>Acacia decurrens</i> Species of legume

Acacia decurrens, commonly known as black wattle or early green wattle, is a perennial tree or shrub native to eastern New South Wales, including Sydney, the Greater Blue Mountains Area, the Hunter Region, and south west to the Australian Capital Territory. It grows to a height of 2–15 m (7–50 ft) and it flowers from July to September.

<i>Storckiella</i> Genus of legumes

Storckiella is a genus of four recognised species of trees, of the plant family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Dialioideae. They grow naturally in New Caledonia, Fiji and Australia.

<i>Falcataria</i> Genus of legumes

Falcataria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the monophyletic Mimosoid clade in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. The genus has three species previously classified in the Falcataria section of the genus Paraserianthes by I.C. Neilsen. The distribution of these closely related species within the genus Falcataria links the wet tropics of north-east Australia to New Guinea, the Moluccas, Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands east of Wallace's line similar to other plant taxa from the region.

<i>Senegalia</i> Genus of plants in the Fabaceae family, almost worldwide

Senegalia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the Mimosoid clade. Until 2005, its species were considered members of Acacia. The genus was considered polyphyletic and required further division, with the genera Parasenegalia and Pseudosenegalia accepted soon after.

<i>Schleinitzia</i> Genus of legumes

Schleinitzia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It includes four species of trees and shrubs native to the Philippines, New Guinea, and the South Pacific. Typical habitats include tropical secondary rain forest, woodland, wooded grassland, coastal plain, and beaches. It belongs to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae.

<i>Acacia pubescens</i> Species of legume

Acacia pubescens, also known as the downy wattle, is a species of wattle found in the Sydney Basin in eastern New South Wales. The downy wattle is classified as vulnerable; much of its habitat has vanished with the growth of the city of Sydney. As with all wattles, it has compound (pinnate) leaf stems.

<i>Uromycladium</i> Genus of fungi

Uromycladium is a genus of rust fungi in the family Pileolariaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologist Daniel McAlpine in 1905. The genus was established by McAlpine for rusts on Acacia with teliospores that clustered at the top of a pedicel.

<i>Falcataria falcata</i> Species of plant in the family Fabaceae

Falcataria falcata, commonly known as the Moluccan albizia, is a species of fast-growing tree in the family Fabaceae. It is native to the Maluku Islands, New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands. It is cultivated for timber throughout South Asian and Southeast Asian countries. This tree is considered to be invasive in Hawaii, American Samoa and several other island nations in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. It reaches about 30 m (100 ft) tall in nature, and has a massive trunk and an open crown.

<i>Acacia cretacea</i> Species of plant

Acacia cretacea, also known as chalky wattle, is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae that is endemic to South Australia.

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Gwilym Peter Lewis is a British botanist, a curator at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and a leading expert on neotropical Leguminosae.

Daniel J. Murphy is an Australian botanist.

References

  1. 1 2 "Paraserianthes lophantha". Australian Plant Name Index, IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  2. 1 2 Nielsen, I.; Baretta-Kuipers, T.; Guinet, P. (1983). "Studies in the Malesian, Australian and Pacific Ingeae (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae): the genera Archidendropsis, Wallaceodendron, Paraserianthes, Pararchidendron and Serianthes (part 1)". Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. Section B, Adansonia. 5 (3): 326. ISSN   0240-8937. Wikidata   Q101031463.
  3. 1 2 Paraserianthes lophantha (Vent.) I.C.Nielsen. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 13 September 2023.
  4. The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). (2017). "A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny". Taxon . 66 (1): 44–77. doi: 10.12705/661.3 .
  5. Paraserianthes I.C.Nielsen. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 13 September 2023.
  6. "Paraserianthes lophantha (synonym Albizia lophantha)". 2003-12-16. Retrieved 2008-09-28.
  7. "Weeds Australia - Weed Identification - Cape Leeuwin wattle". www.weeds.org.au. Archived from the original on 2008-08-04.
  8. "Weed of the month archive". Angair Inc. Retrieved 2013-08-27.
  9. "Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C.Nielsen". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2020-10-31.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Nielsen, I., Guinet, P., Baretta-Kuipers, T., 1983. Studies in the Malesian, Australian and Pacific Ingeae (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae): the genera Archidendropsis, Wallaceodendron, Paraserianthes, Parachidendron and Serianthes (part 1). Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat. Paris, 4, ser. 5, sect. B, Adansonia 3, 303-329.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Nielsen, I., Guinet, P., Baretta-Kuipers, T., 1983. Studies in the Malesian, Australian and Pacific Ingeae (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae): the genera Archidendropsis, Wallaceodendron, Paraserianthes, Parachidendron and Serianthes (part 2). Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat. Paris, 4, ser. 5, sect. B, Adansonia 4, 335-360.
  12. 1 2 Barneby, R.C., Grimes, J.W., 1996. Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimoseae of the Americas. Part I. Abarema, Albizia and allies. Mem. New York Botanical Garden 74: 1-292
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 Brown, G.K., Murphy, D.J., Ladiges, P.Y., 2011. Relationships of the Australo-Malesian genus Paraserianthes (Mimosoideae: Leguminosae) identifies the sister group of Acacia sensu stricto and two biogeographical tracks. Cladistics 27: 380-390.

Further reading