| Prime Minister of Madagascar | |
|---|---|
| Praiminisitra Madagasikara (Malagasy) Premier Ministre du Madagascar (French) | |
 | |
| Appointer | President of Madagascar |
| Inaugural holder | Andriamihaja ( Merina Kingdom ) Gabriel Ramanantsoa ( Malagasy Republic ) |
| Formation | 1828 ( Merina Kingdom ) 18 May 1972 ( Malagasy Republic ) |
| Website | Primature |
| |
|---|
 Madagascarportal |
This is a list of prime ministers of Madagascar, since the establishment of the office of chief minister in 1828, during the Merina Kingdom.
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Political party | Monarch(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
| Merina Kingdom | |||||||
| 1 |  | Andriamihaja (died 1833) [lower-alpha 1] | 1828 | 1833 | 5 years | Independent | Ranavalona I |
| 2 | | Rainiharo (died 1852) | 1833 | 10 February 1852 (died in office.) | 19 years | Independent | |
| 3 |  | Rainivoninahitriniony (1821–1869) | 10 February 1852 | 14 July 1864 (deposed.) | 12 years, 155 days | Independent | |
| Radama II | |||||||
| Rasoherina | |||||||
| 4 |  | Rainilaiarivony (1828–1896) | 14 July 1864 | 14 October 1895 ( deposed.) | 31 years, 92 days | Independent | |
| Ranavalona II | |||||||
| Ranavalona III | |||||||
| 5 | | Rainitsimbazafy | 15 October 1895 | September 1896 (removed from office.) | 10 months | Independent | |
| 6 |  | Rasanjy (1851–1918) [lower-alpha 2] | September 1896 | February 1897 | 5 months | Independent | |
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Political affiliation | High commissioner(s) | ||
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
| French Madagascar (within the French colonial empire and the French Union) | |||||||
| Post abolished (February 1897 – 27 May 1957) | |||||||
| 7 |  | Philibert Tsiranana (1912–1978) [lower-alpha 3] | 27 May 1957 | 14 October 1958 | 1 year, 140 days | PSD | Soudacaux |
| Malagasy Republic (within the French Community) | |||||||
| (7) | | Philibert Tsiranana (1912–1978) | 14 October 1958 | 1 May 1959 | 199 days | PSD | Soudacaux |
| Post abolished (1 May 1959 – 26 June 1960) | |||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Political affiliation | President(s) | ||
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
| Malagasy Republic (independent) | |||||||
| Post abolished (26 June 1960 – 18 May 1972) | |||||||
| 8 |  | Gabriel Ramanantsoa (1906–1979) | 18 May 1972 | 5 February 1975 (resigned.) | 2 years, 263 days | Military | Himself |
| Post abolished (5 February 1975 – 30 December 1975) | |||||||
| Democratic Republic of Madagascar | |||||||
| Post abolished (30 December 1975 – 11 January 1976) | |||||||
| 9 | | Joël Rakotomalala (1929–1976) | 11 January 1976 | 30 July 1976 (died in office.) | 201 days | AREMA | Ratsiraka |
| 10 | | Justin Rakotoniaina (1933–2001) | 12 August 1976 | 1 August 1977 | 354 days | AREMA | |
| 11 |  | Désiré Rakotoarijaona (born 1934) | 1 August 1977 | 12 February 1988 | 10 years, 195 days | Military | |
| 12 | | Victor Ramahatra (born 1945) | 12 February 1988 | 8 August 1991 | 3 years, 177 days | Military | |
| 13 | | Guy Razanamasy (1928–2011) | 8 August 1991 | 12 September 1991 | 35 days | AREMA | |
| Third Republic of Madagascar | |||||||
| (13) | | Guy Razanamasy (1928–2011) | 12 September 1991 | 9 August 1993 | 1 year, 331 days | AREMA | Ratsiraka |
| Zafy | |||||||
| 14 | | Francisque Ravony (1942–2003) | 9 August 1993 | 30 October 1995 | 2 years, 82 days | CSDDM | |
| 15 | | Emmanuel Rakotovahiny (1938–2020) | 30 October 1995 | 28 May 1996 | 211 days | UNDD | |
| 16 |  | Norbert Ratsirahonana (born 1938) | 28 May 1996 | 21 February 1997 | 269 days | AVI | |
| Himself | |||||||
| Ratsiraka | |||||||
| 17 | | Pascal Rakotomavo (1934–2010) | 21 February 1997 | 23 July 1998 | 1 year, 152 days | AREMA | |
| 18 | | Tantely Andrianarivo (1954–2023) | 23 July 1998 | 31 May 2002 [lower-alpha 4] | 3 years, 312 days | AREMA | |
| 19 | | Jacques Sylla (1946–2009) | (26 February 2002) 27 May 2002 | 20 January 2007 | 4 years, 238 days | Independent | M. Ravalomanana |
| – | | Jean-Jacques Rasolondraibe (born 1947) | 31 May 2002 | 5 July 2002 | 35 days | AREMA | Ratsiraka |
| 20 |  | Charles Rabemananjara (born 1947) | 20 January 2007 | 17 March 2009 ( deposed.) | 2 years, 56 days | TIM | M. Ravalomanana |
| High Transitional Authority | |||||||
| 21 | | Monja Roindefo (born 1965) | (7 February 2009) 17 March 2009 | 10 October 2009 (13 November 2009) | 207 days | Monima | Rajoelina |
| 22 | | Eugène Mangalaza (born 1950) | 10 October 2009 | 18 December 2009 | 69 days | Independent | |
| – |  | Cécile Manorohanta | 18 December 2009 | 20 December 2009 | 2 days | TGV | |
| 23 |  | Albert Camille Vital (born 1952) | 20 December 2009 | 2 November 2011 | 1 year, 317 days | Military | |
| 24 |  | Omer Beriziky (born 1950) | 2 November 2011 | 16 April 2014 | 2 years, 165 days | LEADER-Fanilo | |
| Rajaonarimampianina | |||||||
| Fourth Republic of Madagascar | |||||||
| 25 |  | Roger Kolo (born 1943) | 16 April 2014 | 17 January 2015 | 276 days | Independent | Rajaonarimampianina |
| 26 |  | Jean Ravelonarivo (born 1959) | 17 January 2015 | 10 April 2016 | 1 year, 84 days | Independent | |
| 27 |  | Olivier Mahafaly Solonandrasana (born 1964) | 13 April 2016 | 6 June 2018 | 2 years, 54 days | Independent | |
| 28 |  | Christian Ntsay (born 1961) | 6 June 2018 | Incumbent | 5 years, 331 days | Independent | |
| Rakotovao | |||||||
| Rajoelina | |||||||
| Himself | |||||||
| R. Ravalomanana | |||||||
| Rajoelina | |||||||
| Merina Kingdom (c. 1540–1897) |  | |
|---|---|---|
| French Madagascar (1897–1958) |
| |
| Malagasy Republic (1958–75) |
| |
| Democratic Republic of Madagascar (1975–92) |
| |
| Third Republic of Madagascar (1992–2010) | ||
| High Transitional Authority (2009–2014) | ||
| Fourth Republic of Madagascar (2014–present) | ||
* Acting | ||
The politics of Gabon takes place in a framework of a republic whereby the president of Gabon is head of state and in effect, also the head of government, since he appoints the prime minister and his cabinet. The government is divided into three branches: the executive headed by the prime minister, the legislative that is formed by the two chambers of parliament, and the judicial branch. The judicial branch is technically independent and equal to the two other branches, although in practice, since its judges are appointed by the president, it is beholden to the same president. Since independence the party system is dominated by the conservative Gabonese Democratic Party.
These are lists of incumbents, including heads of states or of subnational entities.
Politics of Mauritius takes place in a framework of a parliamentary democracy. The separation of powers is among the three branches of the Government of Mauritius, namely the legislative, the executive and the Judiciary, is embedded in the Constitution of Mauritius. Being a Westminster system of government, Mauritius's unicameral house of parliament officially, the National Assembly, is supreme. It elects the President and the Prime Minister. While the President is voted by a single majority of votes in the house, the Prime Minister is the MP who supports a majority in the house. The President is the Head of State while the prime minister has full executive power and is the Head of Government who is assisted by a council of Ministers. Mauritius has a multi-party system. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Mauritius a "full democracy" in 2022.
The politics of Mongolia takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential multi-party representative democracy. Executive power is exercised by the prime minister, who is the head of government, and the Cabinet. The president is the head of state, but holds limited authority over the executive branch of the government, unlike full presidential republics like the United States. Legislative power is vested in parliament. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Politics of Madagascar takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic, with a pluralist multi-party system. The President of Madagascar is head of state and the Prime Minister of Madagascar is head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the bicameral parliament, which is composed of the Senate and the National Assembly. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
The Prime Minister of Rwanda is the head of government of the Republic of Rwanda. The prime minister is appointed by the president, along with other ministers in the Cabinet. A total of 11 people have served in the office. The incumbent prime minister is Édouard Ngirente, who took office on 30 August 2017.
Articles related to Madagascar include:
Philibert Tsiranana was a Malagasy politician and leader who served as the seventh Prime Minister of Madagascar from 1958 to 1959, and then later the first President of Madagascar from 1959 to 1972.
The 2009 Malagasy political crisis began on 26 January 2009 with the political opposition movement led by Antananarivo mayor Andry Rajoelina, which sought to oust President Marc Ravalomanana from the presidency. The crisis reached its climax in the 2009 Malagasy coup d'état when Andry Rajoelina was declared the president of the High Transitional Authority of Madagascar on 21 March 2009, five days after Ravalomanana transferred his power to a military council and fled to South Africa.
The vice president of Suriname is the second-highest political position in Suriname, after the president. The president and the vice president are elected by the National Assembly for five-year terms.
Emmanuel Rakotovahiny was a Malagasy politician who was Prime Minister of Madagascar from 1995 to 1996. A close ally of Albert Zafy, he was the President of the National Union for Democracy and Development (UNDD), a political party, as well as the Vice-President of the National Reconciliation Committee (CRN), a group headed by Zafy. On 6 October 2009, he was designated to become Vice-President of Madagascar as part of an agreement intended to resolve the 2009 political crisis.
Marie Gisèle Aimée Rabesahala was a Malagasy politician and activist who was the first woman to hold a ministerial position in the government of Madagascar. She entered politics at the age of 17, campaigning on behalf of political prisoners, and becoming Madagascar's first woman municipal councilor, before becoming the first Malagasy woman to establish and lead a political party. She was a committed Marxist and co-founded the communist Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar, which took power in 1975. In 1977 she became Madagascar's first female minister, responsible for promoting revolutionary art and culture, but lost her job in 1991 when her ministry was abolished in the course of Madagascar's return to multi-party democracy. She remained an active political campaigner and journalist until her death in 2011.
