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Oceanic dolphins or Delphinidae are a widely distributed family of dolphins that live in the sea. Close to forty extant species are recognised. They include several big species whose common names contain "whale" rather than "dolphin", such as the Globicephalinae. Delphinidae is a family within the superfamily Delphinoidea, which also includes the porpoises (Phocoenidae) and the Monodontidae. River dolphins are relatives of the Delphinoidea.
The white-beaked dolphin is a marine mammal belonging to the family Delphinidae in the suborder Odontoceti.
Physeteroidea is a superfamily that includes three extant species of whales: the sperm whale, in the genus Physeter, and the pygmy sperm whale and dwarf sperm whale, in the genus Kogia. In the past, these genera have sometimes been united in a single family, the Physeteridae, with the two Kogia species in the subfamily Kogiinae; however, recent practice is to allocate the genus Kogia to its own family, the Kogiidae, leaving the Physeteridae as a monotypic family, although additional fossil representatives of both families are known.
The dusky dolphin is a dolphin found in coastal waters in the Southern Hemisphere. Its specific epithet is Latin for "dark" or "dim". It is very closely genetically related to the Pacific white-sided dolphin, but current scientific consensus holds they are distinct species. The dolphin's range is patchy, with major populations around South America, southwestern Africa, New Zealand, and various oceanic islands, with some sightings around southern Australia and Tasmania. The dusky dolphin prefers cool currents and inshore waters, but can also be found offshore. It feeds on a variety of fish and squid species and has flexible hunting tactics. The dusky dolphin is known for its remarkable acrobatics, having a number of aerial behaviours. The status of the dolphin is unknown, but it has been commonly caught in gill nets.
Heaviside's dolphin is one of four dolphins in the genus Cephalorhynchus. The small cetacean is endemic to the Benguela ecosystem along the southwest coast of Africa.
Cephalorhynchus is a genus in the dolphin family Delphinidae.
The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin is a species of bottlenose dolphin. This dolphin grows to 2.6 m (8.5 ft) long, and weighs up to 230 kg (510 lb). It lives in the waters around India, northern Australia, South China, the Red Sea, and the eastern coast of Africa. Its back is dark grey and its belly is lighter grey or nearly white with grey spots.
Lagenorhynchus is a genus of oceanic dolphins in the infraorder Cetacea, presently containing six extant species. However, there is consistent molecular evidence that the genus is polyphyletic and several of the species are likely to be moved to other genera. In addition, the extinct species Lagenorhynchus harmatuki is also classified in this genus.
The northern right whale dolphin is a small, and slender species of cetacean found in cold/temperate waters of the North Pacific Ocean, that lacks a dorsal fin. It is one of two species of right whale dolphins.
The southern right whale dolphin is a small and slender species of cetacean, found in cool waters of the Southern Hemisphere. It is one of two species of right whale dolphin. This genus is characterized by the lack of a dorsal fin. The other species, the northern right whale dolphin, is found in deep oceans of the Northern Hemisphere and has a different pigmentation pattern than the southern right whale dolphin.
The hourglass dolphin is a small dolphin in the family Delphinidae that inhabits offshore Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters. It is commonly seen from ships crossing the Drake Passage, but has a circumpolar distribution.
Peale's dolphin is a small dolphin found in the waters around Tierra del Fuego at the foot of South America. It is also commonly known as the black-chinned dolphin or even Peale's black-chinned dolphin. However, since Rice's work Peale's dolphin has been adopted as the standard common name.
The Atlantic white-sided dolphin is a distinctively coloured dolphin found in the cool to temperate waters of the North Atlantic Ocean.
The Pacific white-sided dolphin, also known as the hookfin porpoise, is an active dolphin found in the cool or temperate waters of the North Pacific Ocean.
References
- ↑ Cope, E.D. (1866). "Third contribution to the history of the Balaenidae and Delphinidae". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia: 293–300.
- ↑ Vollmer, Nicole L.; Ashe, Erin; Brownell, Robert L.; Cipriano, Frank; Mead, James G.; Reeves, Randall R.; Soldevilla, Melissa S.; Williams, Rob (2019). "Taxonomic revision of the dolphin genus Lagenorhynchus". Marine Mammal Science. 35 (3): 957–1057. doi:10.1111/mms.12573. ISSN 1748-7692. S2CID 92421374.
- ↑ Leduc, R.; Perrin, W.; Dizon, E. (August 18, 1998). "Phylogenetic Relationships among the Delphinid Cetaceans Based on Full Cytochrome B Sequences". Marine Mammal Science. 15 (3): 619–648. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1999.tb00833.x.
- ↑ Murakami, Mizuki; Shimada, Chieko; Hikida, Yoshinori; Soeda, Yuhji; Hirano, Hiromichi (2014). "Eodelphis kabatensis, a new name for the oldest true dolphin Stenella kabatensis Horikawa, 1977 (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinidae), from the upper Miocene of Japan, and the phylogeny and paleobiogeography of Delphinoidea"". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (3): 491–511. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.816720. S2CID 85210375.
- ↑ "List of marine mammal species and subspecies". Society for Marine Mammalogy.
- 1 2 May-Collado, Laura; Agnarsson, Ingi (February 2006). "Cytochrome b and Bayesian inference of whale phylogeny". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 38 (2): 344–354. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.019. PMID 16325433.
- ↑ Tougaard, J.; Kyhn, L. A. (28 December 2009). "Echolocation sounds of hourglass dolphins (Lagenorhynchus cruciger) are similar to the narrow band high-frequency echolocation sounds of the dolphin genus Cephalorhynchus". Marine Mammal Science. 26 (1): 239–245. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00307.x. ISSN 0824-0469. OCLC 497138903.
- ↑ Kyhn, L. A.; Jensen, F. H.; Beedholm, K.; Tougaard, J.; Hansen, M.; Madsen, P. T. (1 June 2010). "Echolocation in sympatric Peale's dolphins ( Lagenorhynchus australis ) and Commerson's dolphins ( Cephalorhynchus commersonii ) producing narrow-band high-frequency clicks". Journal of Experimental Biology. 213 (11): 1940–1949. doi:10.1242/jeb.042440. PMID 20472781. S2CID 207169275.
- ↑ Pichler, F. B.; Robineau, D.; Goodall, R. N. P.; Meyer, M. A.; Olivarria, C.; Baker, C. S. (September 2001). "Origin and radiation of Southern Hemisphere coastal dolphins (genus Cephalorhynchus)". Molecular Ecology. 10 (9): 2215–2223. doi:10.1046/j.0962-1083.2001.01360.x. PMID 11555263. S2CID 24368161.