The Rajya Sabha, constitutionally the Council of States, is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of India. As of 2023, it has a maximum membership of 250, of which 238 are elected by the legislatures of the states and union territories using single transferable votes through open ballots, while the president can appoint 12 members for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. The potential seating capacity of the Rajya Sabha is 250, according to article 80 of the Indian Constitution. Members sit for staggered terms lasting six years, with about a third of the 238 designates up for election every two years, in even-numbered years. Unlike the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha is a continuing chamber and hence not subject to dissolution. However, the Rajya Sabha, like the Lok Sabha, can be prorogued by the president.
The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the President on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chambers of the Sansad Bhavan, New Delhi.
The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India. It is a bicameral legislature composed of the president of India and two houses: the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha. The president in their role as head of the legislature has full powers to summon and prorogue either house of Parliament or to dissolve the Lok Sabha. The president can exercise these powers only upon the advice of the prime minister and their Union Council of Ministers.
The Government of India, known as the Union Government or Central Government but often simply as the Centre, is the national authority of the Republic of India, a federal democracy located in South Asia, consisting of 28 union states and eight union territories. Under the Constitution, there are three primary branches of government: the legislative, the executive and the judiciary, whose powers are vested in a bicameral Parliament, President, aided by the Council of Ministers, and the Supreme Court respectively. Through judicial evolution, the Parliament has lost its sovereignty as its amendments to the Constitution are subject to judicial intervention. Judicial appointments in India are unique in that the executive or legislature have negligible say.
The vice president of India is the deputy to the head of state of the Republic of India, i.e. the president of India. The office of vice president is the second-highest constitutional office after the president and ranks second in the order of precedence and first in the line of succession to the presidency. The vice president is also the ex officio chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
The speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding authority and the highest authority of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected generally in the first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the speaker is chosen from sitting members of the Lok Sabha.
This is a brief description of the lawmaking procedure in India.
The 13th Lok Sabha is the thirteenth session of the Lok Sabha. It was convened after 1999 Indian general election held during September–October 1999.
Ram Kapse was an Indian politician who was Lt Governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. He was a leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He represented Thane from 1989 to 1996, winning the seat in 1989 and 1991. He was Chairman of Lok Sabha Committee on Food, Civil Supplies and Public Distribution during 1993–94. He was born in Nashik.
Suresh Pachouri is an Indian politician and a member of the Indian National Congress from Madhya Pradesh. He had served as union minister of state in the Ministry of Defence (1995-1996) and in the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions and Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs (2004-2008) in the Government of India.
The Deputy Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha presides over the proceedings of the Rajya Sabha in the absence of the Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha. The deputy chairperson is elected internally by the Rajya Sabha.
Repercussion of bomb throwing incident in Lok Sabha Chamber, the then Central Legislative Assembly on 8 April 1929, The then President of Central Legislative Assembly, Shri Vithalbhai Patel, set up a ‘WATCH AND WARD COMMITTEE’ on 3 September 1929. Sir James Crerar, Chairman of the Committee recommended the establishment of ‘Door – Keeper & Messengers’. Initially 21 men were nominated for access control in the complex. The Sergeant at Arms was designated as Controller and another 25 officials drawn from the Delhi Police, the then Metropolitan Police, for deployment in Gallery and a Watch & Ward Officer was appointed to administer the directions of the Hon’ble Speaker under the guidance of the Secretary General. The Watch & Ward has been renamed as Parliament Security Service since15 April 2009.
D.B. "Dinesh Bahadur" Singh is a career India civil servant, mathematician and a scholar who formerly served as Secretary of Rajya Sabha and Rajya Sabha Secretariat, Parliament of India, i.e. the Upper House in the Indian Parliament.
The Parliament of India is bicameral. Concurrence of both houses are required to pass any bill. However, the framers of the Constitution of India anticipated situations of deadlock between the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha. Therefore, the Constitution of India provides for Joint sittings of both the Houses to break the deadlock.
The Secretary General of the Lok Sabha is the administrative head of the Lok Sabha Secretariat. The secretary general is appointed by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha. The post of secretary general is of the rank of the Cabinet Secretary in the Government of India, who is the senior most civil servant to the Indian government.
The Leader of the Opposition in Rajya Sabha is an elected Member of Rajya Sabha who leads the official opposition in the Upper House of the Parliament of India. The Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha is the parliamentary chairperson of the largest political party in the Rajya Sabha that is not in government.
The Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha is an elected Member of Lok Sabha who leads the official opposition in the Lower House of the Parliament of India. The Leader of the Opposition is the parliamentary chairperson of the largest political party in the Lok Sabha that is not in government. The post is vacant since 26 May 2014, as no opposition party has 10% Seats.
Kolur Basavanagoud was an Indian politician, educationist, and industrialist who served as a member of the Indian Parliament in the 13th Lok Sabha from the Bellary Lok Sabha constituency. He was a member of the Indian National Congress.
