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The Negro leagues were United States professional baseball leagues comprising teams of African Americans. The term may be used broadly to include professional black teams outside the leagues and it may be used narrowly for the seven relatively successful leagues beginning in 1920 that are sometimes termed "Negro Major Leagues".
The Newark Eagles were a professional Negro league baseball team which played in the Negro National League from 1936 to 1948. They were owned by Abe and Effa Manley.
The Negro Southern League (NSL) was one of the several Negro baseball leagues created during the time organized baseball was segregated. The NSL was organized as a minor league in 1920 and lasted until 1936. It was considered a major league for the 1932 season and it was also the only organized league to finish its full schedule that season. Prior to the season, several established teams joined the NSL, mainly from the collapsed Negro National League.
The Texas Colored League was a minor league Negro baseball league organized in 1919 and lasted until 1926. The league did not play a schedule in 1922.
Lloyd Benjamon Davenport was an American baseball outfielder who played for several clubs of the Negro and Minor leagues during 17 seasons spanning 1934–1953. Listed at 5' 4" (1.65 m), 150 lb. (68 kg), Davenport batted and threw left-handed. Born in New Orleans, Louisiana, he was nicknamed "Ducky".
The second Negro Southern League (NSL) was one of the several Negro baseball leagues created during the time organized baseball was segregated. The NSL was organized as a minor league in 1945 and lasted until 1951.
The Opelousas Indians was the primary name of the minor league baseball teams based in Opelousas, Louisiana. Between 1907 and 1941, Opelousas teams played as members of the Class D level 1907 Gulf Coast League, 1932 Cotton States League, playing that season known as the "Orphans" and Evangeline League from 1934 to 1941. The Indians won the 1937 league championship. Opelousas hosted minor league home games at Elementary School Park. The Opelousas Indians were a minor league affiliate of the Cleveland Indians from 1935 to 1937 and in 1939.
Winfield Scott Welch, nicknamed "Gus" and "Moe", was an American Negro league outfielder and manager. Welch spent most of his playing career with minor Negro teams. He is best known as a successful manager, lauded by some as "the Connie Mack of Negro baseball"
Wesley "Big Train" Barrow was an American Negro league player and manager in the 1940s who was once regarded as "one of the best developers of Negro talent in the South."
The Adrian Reformers were a minor league baseball team based in Adrian, Michigan. In 1895, the Reformers played as a member of the Class B level Michigan State League, winning the league championship. The Reformers were also known by the Adrian Demons moniker during the 1895 season.
The Pennsylvania League was a six–team Independent level minor league baseball league that played in the 1903 and 1904 seasons. As reflected in the league name, the Pennsylvania League featured franchises based exclusively in Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania League permanently folded after the 1904 season.
The Coatesville team was a minor league baseball team based in Coatesville, Pennsylvania. The "Coatesville" minor league teams played as members of the 1904 Pennsylvania League, 1905 Tri-State League and 1908 Pennsylvania-New Jersey League and were without a known team nickname, common in the era.
Nashville, Tennessee, has hosted Minor League Baseball (MiLB) teams since the late 19th century but has never been home to a Major League Baseball (MLB) team. The city's professional baseball history dates back to 1884 with the formation of the Nashville Americans, who were charter members of the original Southern League in 1885 and played their home games at Sulphur Spring Park, later renamed Athletic Park and Sulphur Dell. This ballpark was the home of Nashville's minor league teams through 1963. Of the numerous teams to play there, the best known was the Nashville Vols, who competed from 1901 to 1963, primarily in the Southern Association.
Minor league baseball teams were based in Chillicothe, Ohio between 1884 and 1916. Chillicothe teams played as members of the Ohio State League in 1884, Tri-State League in 1894 and Ohio State League from 1910 to 1916.
Minor league baseball teams were based in Lafayette, Louisiana between 1907 and 2000. Lafayette teams played as members of the 1907 Gulf Coast League 1920 Louisiana State League and Evangeline League. Lafayette teams won four league championships and one pennant in the era. The early Lafayette teams preceded the 1975 and 1976 Lafayette Drillers, who played as members of the Texas League and the 1998 to 2000 Bayou Bullfrogs of the Texas-Louisiana League.
Minor league baseball teams were based in Lake Charles, Louisiana in various seasons between 1906 and 1957. Lake Charles teams played as members of the South Texas League (1906), Gulf Coast League (1907–1908), Cotton States League (1929–1930), Evangeline League (1934–1942), Gulf Coast League (1950–1953) and Evangeline League (1954–1957). Lake Charles teams won three league championships and two league pennants.
The New Orleans Creoles were a Negro league baseball team based in New Orleans, Louisiana, from at least 1945 until at least 1952. The team was a member of the second Negro Southern League from 1947 to 1948 and 1950 to 1951, and a member of the Negro Texas League for the 1949 season. They played at Pelican Stadium and were known for hiring women players and coaches. Second baseman Toni Stone—the first of three women to play professional baseball full-time in the previously all-male Negro leagues—played for the Creoles from 1949 to 1952, prior to her time on the Kansas City Monarchs.
The Negro Southeastern League was a minor league formed in 1921 and was one of the several Negro leagues that operated during the era of segregated organized baseball. The league was organized as a seven-team league, with one league franchise based in Alabama and six in Georgia.
The Negro National Baseball Association was a minor league organized in 1954. The league was one of the several Negro leagues and operated near the end of the era in which organized baseball was segregated and after the integration of Major League Baseball. The Negro National Baseball Association was an eight-team league, with the league franchises based in North Carolina and Virginia. Spencer Davis was the league president.
References
- ↑ Cuicchi, Richard (21 November 2023). "Black History Month: Female Negro League trailblazer Toni Stone played for New Orleans Creoles". Crescent City Sports. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
- ↑ Heaphy, Leslie. "Women in the Negro Leagues". Baseball Reference. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
- ↑ Whirty, Ryan (1 May 2012). "Diamonds in the Rough: Before Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier, "the Negro leagues" were the only games in town for black ballplayers". myneworleans.com. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
- 1 2 3 "Tri State League (1935)" (PDF). Center for Negro League Baseball Research.
- ↑ "Negro "Minor" League Teams" (PDF). Center for Negro League Baseball Research.
- ↑ "Center for Negro League Baseball Research > Home". www.cnlbr.org.