Worker road safety

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Worker road safety refers to the economic, societal, and legal ramifications of protecting workers from automobile-related injury, disability, and death. Road traffic crashes are a leading cause of occupational fatalities throughout the world, especially in developing countries. [1] In addition to the suffering of the workers and their families, businesses and society also bear direct and indirect costs. [2] These include increased insurance premiums, the threat of litigation, loss of an employee, and destruction of property. [3]

Contents

Background

Road crashes worldwide kill over a million people every year and cost as much as 3% of global gross domestic product (GDP). [4] Around the world, it is estimated that work-related incidents make up 25% the road toll (50% if commuting is included). [5] Crash injuries disproportionately impact young people and those in developing countries. In addition to human suffering, traffic crashes can cost between 1 and 1.5 percent of a country’s GDP. For some economies, those losses exceed the amount received in development aid, according to Together for Safer Roads. [6] Because rapid motorization generally accompanies economic development, a large percentage of occupational automobile crashes occur in low and middle-income countries. [4] Workers in the developing world are becoming increasingly vulnerable to the risk of road traffic crashes. [2] Workers at risk include drivers of commercial trucks and buses; workers who are not professional drivers, but who drive smaller trucks or passenger vehicles provided by their employer; workers who drive personal vehicles for work purposes; pedestrians, particularly roadside workers; and commuters. [7]

Institutional efforts

Efforts to protect workers on the road have been undertaken by international organizations such as the United Nations, World Health Organization, World Bank, and International Labour Organization. The WHO coordinates the United Nations Road Safety Collaboration, an effort drawing together government, business, and non-government organizations. [8]

It is estimated that 25 percent of global crashes are work-related, rising to 50 percent if commuting is included. Companies have developed an environment that influences and supports the emergence of safer road users. In alignment with the United Nations Decade of Action for Road Safety’s Five Pillars, Together for Safer Roads developed a 14-step best practices report called Advancing Road Safety Best Practices for Companies and Their Fleets, to guide companies in developing and managing transportation programs. [9]

Organizations such as the Global Road Safety Partnership (GRSP) and the Fleet Forum focus on safety in lower- and middle-income nations. They coordinate efforts among local and national governments and businesses. [10] [11] Organizations such as Driving for Better Business advocate change by outlining the business benefits of improved road safety for workers. [12] The Make Roads Safe campaign, funded by the UK's FIA Foundation, seeks to influence policies, budgets, and agendas at organizations such as the UN, World Bank, and G8, and to raise public and political awareness for global road safety. [13]

Safe driving campaigns

Many of these organizations and governments strive to raise awareness for road safety through focused campaigns. The Network of Employers for Traffic Safety (NETS), for example, is sponsoring a Drive Safely Work Week October 5-9, 2009, and offering a campaign tool kit to promote better driving. NETS is a partnership between the U.S. federal government and such corporations as Abbott, Amerifleet Transportation, Anheuser-Busch, Chubb Group of Insurance, General Motors Company, Johnson & Johnson, Liberty Mutual Insurance Group, Nationwide Mutual Insurance, Monsanto, and UPS. [14]

Intervention models

The Mooren model's 12-step process for road safety intervention. Mooren Model-12 Elements.jpg
The Mooren model's 12-step process for road safety intervention.

Mooren model

Australian researcher Lori Mooren developed a 12-step process model with which organizations can perform gap analyses, establish benchmarks, host fleet safety improvement workshops, and develop fleet safety manuals and improvement programs. A number of businesses and government entities have reviewed their management practices against the model, including Johnson & Johnson, ALDI Stores, Toyota Australia, Reliance Petroleum, and TNT Malaysia. [15] [16]

WIPE model

Developed at the Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety – Queensland (CARRS-Q), the WIPE model seeks to identify the societal, business, legal, and financial reasons to focus on occupational road safety. The acronym WIPE stands for Why focus on fleet safety? Initial and continuing status review; Pilot, implement and change manage interventions; Evaluation. The WIPE model assumes that managers will write a business case focusing on the cost savings of protecting workers; perform a safety audit of their organization; launch a pilot program related to personnel training or vehicle improvements; and evaluate the outcomes of the pilot, demonstrating its impact. [17] [18] [19]

Since the original research, the WIPE model, supported by the Haddon Matrix, has been successfully applied by many organisations around the world to help reduce collisions, cut costs and enhance brand value. Case studies, including British Telecom, Wolseley and Royal Mail and a free fleet review and benchmarking tool are provided at the Fleet Safety Benchmarking website (www.fleetsafetybenchmarking.net)

The model is also increasingly being used to support occupational road safety as a conduit or tool for general road safety, by engaging organisations to promote good practice to family members and in the wider communities in which they operate.

Stuckey-LaMontagne model

Australians Rwth Stuckey and A.D. LaMontagne advanced a similar systems-based approach. It focuses on the impact of occupational light vehicles (OLV) as a leading cause of traumatic deaths. Their model presents the worker as the locus of injury at the center of work- and road-related determinants of risk. The model sets occupational road safety in the wider policy and societal framework. [20] [21]

See also

Related Research Articles

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National Advanced Driving Simulator

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Dekra

DEKRA is the world’s largest non-listed expert organization in the TIC sector founded in Berlin, Germany in 1925 as Deutscher Kraftfahrzeug-Überwachungs-Verein . At 28 million per year worldwide, DEKRA inspects more vehicles than any other organization. DEKRA is active in the field in more than 20 countries across the globe, from Sweden to South Africa, from the U.S. to New Zealand. The latest additions were Finland, Mexico and Chile. With approximately 48,000 employees and revenues of more than €3.5 billion, DEKRA is the largest inspection company in Germany and one of the world’s leading expert organizations.. By its own account, it is the European market leader. The group focuses on the inspection of vehicles and technical systems, but also offers other services like testing and certification. DEKRA has had its headquarters in Stuttgart since 1946. Business operations are carried out by DEKRA SE, which is wholly owned by DEKRA e. V. The vision for the company’s 100th birthday in 2025 is that DEKRA will be the global partner for a safe, secure and sustainable world. With a platinum rating from EcoVadis, DEKRA is in the top one percent of sustainable businesses ranked.

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Traffic collisions in India Overview of traffic collisions in India

Traffic collisions in India are a major source of deaths, injuries and property damage every year. The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) 2016 report states there were 496,762 roads, railways and railway crossing-related traffic collisions in 2015. Of these, road collisions accounted for 464,674 collisions which caused 148,707 traffic-related deaths in India. The three highest total number of fatalities were reported in Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu, and together they accounted for about 33% of total Indian traffic fatalities in 2015. Adjusted for 182.45 million vehicles and its 1.31 billion population, India reported a traffic collision rate of about 0.8 per 1000 vehicles in 2015 compared to 0.9 per 1000 vehicles in 2012, and an 11.35 fatality rate per 100,000 people in 2015. According to Gururaj, the top three highest traffic fatality rates per 100,000 people in 2005 were reported by Tamil Nadu, Goa and Haryana, with a male:female fatality ratio of about 5:1. The reported total fatality, rates per 100,000 people and the regional variation of traffic collisions per 100,000 people varies by source. For example, Rahul Goel in 2018 reports an India-wide average fatality rate of 11.6 per 100,000 people and Goa to be the state with the highest fatality rate.

Work-related road safety in the United States

People who are driving as part of their work duties are an important road user category. First, workers themselves are at risk of road traffic injury. Contributing factors include fatigue and long work hours, delivery pressures, distractions from mobile phones and other devices, lack of training to operate the assigned vehicle, vehicle defects, use of prescription and non-prescription medications, medical conditions, and poor journey planning. Death, disability, or injury of a family wage earner due to road traffic injury, in addition to causing emotional pain and suffering, creates economic hardship for the injured worker and family members that may persist well beyond the event itself.

References

  1. ↑ Aeron-Thomas, A., Downing, A., Jacobs G., Fletcher, J., Selby, T. & Silcock D (2002). Review of road safety management practice. PR/INT/216/2002, DFID, GRSP, TRL, Ross Silcock and Babtie Group.
  2. 1 2 Motor Vehicle Safety. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Accessed February 3, 2009.
  3. ↑ Frequently Asked Questions. Fleet Safety Solutions. Accessed February 3, 2009.
  4. 1 2 Peden, M., Scurfield, R., Sleet, D., Mohan, D., Hyder, A., Jarawan, E. & Mathers, C. (2004) World report on road traffic injury prevention. ISBN   92-4-156260-9, World Health Organisation, Geneva
  5. ↑ Murray, W (2007). Worldwide Occupational Road Safety (WORS) Review Project. Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland.
  6. ↑ "Safety in numbers". Brunswick Review. 2017. Retrieved 2016-11-07.
  7. ↑ Background. Fleet Safety Solutions. Accessed February 3, 2009.
  8. ↑ About the UN Road Safety Collaboration. World Health Organization. Accessed February 4, 2009.
  9. ↑ Together for Safer Roads. "Advancing Best Practices for Companies and Their Fleets: Guidelines for Developing and Managing Transportation Programs" (PDF). togetherforsaferroads.org. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  10. ↑ What is GRSP?. Global Road Safety Partnership. Accessed February 4, 2009.
  11. ↑ About the Fleet Forum. Fleet Forum. Accessed February 4, 2009.
  12. ↑ Driving for Better Business. RoadSafe. Accessed February 4, 2009.
  13. ↑ About Make Roads Safe. FIA Foundation and the Commission for Global Road Safety. Accessed February 4, 2009.
  14. ↑ Workplace campaign combats distracted driving and promotes eco-friendly driving practices . News Release – 2009 Drive Safely Work Week Campaign. Network of Employers for Traffic Safety. August 11, 2009.
  15. ↑ Mooren, L. (2007). Fleet safety: Benchmarking good practice from collective insights. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of Road Safety on Four Continents, Bangkok, Thailand.
  16. ↑ Mooren, L. (2008). Applications of the 12 elements of managing fleet safety (Unpublished paper based on consultancy project undertaken by ARRB).
  17. ↑ Murray, W., Newnam, S., Watson, B., Davey, J. & Schonfeld, C. (2003). Evaluating and improving fleet safety in Australia. Canberra: ATSB.
  18. ↑ Darby, P., Murray, W. & Raeside, R. (2009). Applying online fleet driver assessment to help identify, target and reduce occupational road safety risks. Safety Science, 47 (2009) 436–442.
  19. ↑ Gregersen, N.P., Brehmer, B. & Moren, B. (1996). Road safety improvement in large companies: An experimental comparison of different measures. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 28, 297–306.
  20. ↑ Stuckey, R. & La Montagne, A. (2005). Occupational light-vehicle use and OSH legislative frameworks: An Australian example. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 11, 167-179.
  21. ↑ Stuckey, R., La Montagne, A. & Sim, M. (2007). Working in light vehicles: A review and conceptual model for occupational health and safety. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 3 (5), 1006-1014.

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