The 12th Army was a field army of the Imperial Russian Army during World War I that fought on the Eastern Front.
Its field headquarters was established in January 1915. In August 1915, the entire staff of the 12th Army was replaced by that of the 13th Army, which itself ceased to exist. The unit was assigned to the Northwestern Front and later to the Northern Front, being disbanded by the end of 1917.
| No. | Portrait | Commander | Took office | Left office | Time in office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | General of Cavalry Paul von Plehwe (1850–1916) | 14 January 1915 | 8 June 1915 | 145 days | |
| 2 | General of Infantry Aleksey Churin (1852–1916) | 8 June 1915 | 20 August 1915 | 73 days | |
| 3 | General of Infantry Vladimir Gorbatovsky (1851–1924) | 20 August 1915 | 20 March 1916 | 213 days | |
| 4 | General of Infantry Radko Dimitriev (1859–1918) | 20 March 1916 | 20 July 1917 | 1 year, 122 days | |
| 5 | Lieutenant-General Dmitri Parsky (1866–1921) | 20 July 1917 | 9 September 1917 | 51 days | |
| 6 | Lieutenant-General Yakov Yusefovich (1872–1929) | 9 September 1917 | 14 November 1917 | 71 days | |
| 7 | Lieutenant-General Vasily Fedorovich Novitsky (1869–1929) | 14 November 1917 | 22 November 1917 | 8 days | |
| 8 | Lieutenant-General David Guntsadze (1861–1925) | 22 November 1917 | 29 December 1917 | 37 days |
From 29 December 1917 to April 1918, the 12th Army was nominally commanded by a board of:
At the end of the war, the field army included:
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