17th/21st Lancers

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17th/21st Lancers
17-21stLmotto.jpg
Cap badge of the regiment
Active1922–1993
CountryFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
BranchFlag of the British Army.svg  British Army
TypeCavalry of the Line/Royal Armoured Corps
RoleLight Cavalry
Size550 men
Regimental Headquarters Grantham
Nickname(s)The Death or Glory Boys
Motto(s)Death or Glory
MarchThe White Lancers
Commanders
Colonel-in-Chief Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy

The 17th/21st Lancers was a cavalry regiment of the British Army. It was formed in England by the amalgamation of the 17th Lancers and the 21st Lancers in 1922 and, after service in the Second World War, it amalgamated with the 16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers to form the Queen's Royal Lancers in 1993.

Contents

History

Second World War

The regiment was formed in England during the interwar period by the amalgamation of the 17th Lancers and the 21st Lancers on 27 June 1922. [1] The regiment was deployed to Meerut in India in 1936 and it was mechanised in 1938. [2]

Valentine tanks of the 17th/21st Lancers near Brandon in Suffolk, England, 12 September 1941. The British Army in the United Kingdom 1939-45 H13865.jpg
Valentine tanks of the 17th/21st Lancers near Brandon in Suffolk, England, 12 September 1941.

On the outbreak of the Second World War, in September 1939, the regiment transferred back to the United Kingdom and became part of the 1st Motor Machine Gun Brigade defending south-east England. [2] On 12 October 1940, the 1st Motor Machine Gun Brigade became the 26th Armoured Brigade. [3] On 9 November 1940, the brigade became part of the newly raised 6th Armoured Division, with which it served for the rest of the war. [4] Some personnel from the regiment were detached in December to help form the cadre of the 24th Lancers. [1]

Sergeant A G Williams of the 17th/21st Lancers in the turret of his Sherman tank in the San Angelo area of Italy, April 1944. The British Army in Italy, April 1944 TR1705.jpg
Sergeant A G Williams of the 17th/21st Lancers in the turret of his Sherman tank in the San Angelo area of Italy, April 1944.

In November 1942, the division was deployed to Tunisia for Operation Torch. Now equipped with Valentine Mk III and Crusader Mk III tanks, the regiment saw action in the Tunisia Campaign for some time, including taking heavy losses defending Thala in the Battle of Kasserine Pass in February 1943 during which fourteen tanks were put out of action. Despite these losses the pass was held and the Germans retreated. [2] After the losses during this battle, the regiment was withdrawn from the front line. The Valentine tanks they were using were inferior to the German counterparts in both armour and weaponry, so the lancers were refitted with M4A2 Sherman tanks that carried a 75mm main gun. In April, the regiment attempted to take the Fondouk Pass during which thirty-two tanks were put out of action. Although this left the regiment with only a handful of tanks, it allowed command to send in the 16th/5th Lancers, and the pass was taken. [2] The campaign in Tunisia came to an end in May 1943, with the capture of the Cap Bon Peninsula. The Germans were trying to delay its capture long enough to allow evacuation of their Army by sea. The Regiment conducted a 'charge' along the beach totally out manoeuvring the German defensive positions. Enemy resistance crumbled, with the surrender of thousands of German and Italian soldiers who subsequently became prisoners of war (POWs). Most of the 6th Armoured Division (minus the 1st Guards Brigade) then deployed to the Italian Front in March 1944, and fought to breach the Gustav Line, taking part in Operation Diadem, the fourth and final Battle of Monte Cassino. [2] The regiment advanced to the Gothic Line, and spent the winter there—at points, serving as infantry rather than as an armoured unit, due to the static nature of the trench warfare there. [2] After the final breakthrough in April 1945, codenamed Operation Grapeshot, the regiment ended the war in Austria. [2]

Post-war

In October 1946, the regiment was posted to Greece on internal security duties and famine relief. [5] In October 1947, it deployed to the Suez Canal Zone and re-equipped as an armoured car regiment; it then moved to Palestine in 1948. At the time Palestine was in a state of civil war, with both Jews and Arabs fighting for independence both from each other and British rule. The Regiment was involved in the operation of armoured rail cars, frontier patrols and escort duties. [2] The regiment returned home to Catterick Garrison later that year as RAC Training Regiment and then joined 20th Armoured Brigade and moved to York Barracks at Münster in December 1951. [5] It transferred to 4th Guards Brigade Group and moved to Barker Barracks in Paderborn in August 1957. [5] After briefly returning home in December 1959, it moved to Hong Kong in March 1960 from where it deployed units to Aden in October 1961. [5]

The regiment joined 20th Armoured Brigade Group and moved to Athlone Barracks at Sennelager in December 1962. [5] After that it moved to Lisanelly Camp in Omagh in March 1968 from where it deployed a squadron to Libya in 1970. [5] It then transferred to 4th Armoured Brigade and moved to Northampton Barracks in Wolfenbüttel in November 1972 from where it deployed units to Northern Ireland at the height of the Troubles. [5] It transferred to 11th Armoured Brigade and moved to Wessex Barracks in Bad Fallingbostel in October 1974 from where it again deployed units to Northern Ireland. [5] It returned home re-locating to Bovington Camp as RAC Centre Regiment in December 1977 and then went back to West Germany to join 4th Armoured Brigade becoming based at Swinton Barracks in Münster in November 1980. [5] A squadron was sent to Northern Ireland to undertake guard duties at the Maze Prison in December 1982. [5]

After deploying two squadrons to the Persian Gulf in September 1990 for the Gulf War, the regiment returned to the United Kingdom later in the year. [2] In 1993, with the reductions in forces after the end of the Cold War, the regiment was amalgamated with the 16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers to form the Queen's Royal Lancers. [1]

Commanding Officers

Commanding Officers of the regiment have included: [6]

Colonel-in-Chief

Regimental Colonels

Regimental colonels were: [1]

Alliances

The regiment's alliances included: [1]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "17th/21st Lancers". regiments.org. Archived from the original on 20 January 2008.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "History of the 17th/21st Lancers". Queen's Royal Lancers. Archived from the original on 5 January 2009.
  3. ↑ "26 Armoured Brigade - History". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
  4. ↑ "26 Armoured Brigade - Superiors". Orders of Battle. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "17th/21st Lancers". British Army units 1945 on. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  6. ↑ "Regimental COs" (PDF). p. 22. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
Preceded by 17th/21st Lancers
1922–1993		Succeeded by
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