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The 1870s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1870, and ended on December 31, 1879.
Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 5, 1872. Incumbent President Ulysses S. Grant, the Republican nominee, defeated Democratic-endorsed Liberal Republican nominee Horace Greeley.
John Kent arrived in Newfoundland in 1820 and started working for his uncle, Patrick Morris, a successful businessman and entrepreneur.
The Carlist Wars were a series of civil wars that took place in Spain during the 19th century. The contenders fought over claims to the throne, although some political differences also existed. Several times during the period from 1833 to 1876 the Carlists—followers of Don Carlos (1788–1855), an infante, and of his descendants—rallied to the cry of "God, Country, and King" and fought for the cause of Spanish tradition against liberalism, and later the republicanism, of the Spanish governments of the day. The Carlist Wars had a strong regional component, given that the new order called into question region-specific law arrangements and customs kept for centuries.
Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès was a French politician and active freemason who fought on the barricades during the revolution of July.
Benjamin Gratz Brown was an American politician. He was a U.S. Senator, the 20th Governor of Missouri, and the Liberal Republican and Democratic Party vice presidential candidate in the presidential election of 1872.
Lachlin (Lachlan) McCallum was a Canadian politician.
The 1872–73 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between June 4, 1872, and April 7, 1873. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 43rd United States Congress convened on December 1, 1873. They coincided with the re-election of United States President Ulysses S. Grant. The congressional reapportionment based on the 1870 United States census increased the number of House seats to 292.
Norman S. Eddy was an American politician and military officer. He served as a member of the Indiana State Senate from 1850 to 1853 and a U.S. Representative of Indiana from 1853 to 1855. He then served as U.S. Attorney for the Territory of Minnesota from 1855 to 1861 and as Secretary of State of Indiana from 1870 to 1872.
Tomás Francisco Gutiérrez Chávez was a Peruvian Colonel who, along with his brothers, led a coup against President José Balta Montero and served as the Supreme Leader of Peru for four days in July 1872. From July 22, 1872 to July 26, 1872, Gutiérrez was the de facto leader of Peru and the self-proclaimed "Supreme Leader of the Republic" after a coup d'état. He was overthrown just four days after his proclamation and lynched. Peru later regained some political stability with the election of Manuel Pardo, although this stability was short-lived as a foreign threat began to arise in Chile.
The Wheeler Compromise, sometimes known as the Wheeler Adjustment, was the settlement of the disputed gubernatorial election of 1872 in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and negotiation to organize the state's legislature in January 1875. It was negotiated by, and named after, William A. Wheeler, Congressman from New York and a member of the U.S. House Committee on Southern Affairs. He later was elected as Vice President of the United States.
The 1872–73 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states, coinciding with President Ulysses S. Grant's re-election. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1872 and 1873, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.
The 1872 Flint Boroughs by-election was fought on 16 October 1872. The by-election was fought due to the incumbent Liberal MP, Sir John Hanmer, being elevated to the peerage. It was, as expected, won by the Liberal candidate Sir Robert Cunliffe, who was unopposed.
The 1872 Preston by-election was fought on 13 September 1872. The by-election was fought due to the death of one of the constituency's two Conservative MPs, Sir Thomas Fermor-Hesketh. It was won by the Conservative candidate John Holker.
The 1872 Pontefract by-election was fought on 15 August 1872. The ministerial by-election was fought due to the incumbent Liberal MP, Hugh Childers, becoming Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and Paymaster General. It was retained by Childers.
The 1872 Aberdeen by-election was fought on 29 June 1872. The by-election occurred as a result of the death of the incumbent Liberal MP, William Henry Sykes. It was won by the "Moderate Liberal" candidate John Farley Leith against the official Liberal candidate James William Barclay, whose reputation as a Radical led to a split in the local party
The 1872 Flintshire by-election was fought on 2 March 1872. The by-election was fought due to the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, Lord Richard Grosvenor, becoming Vice-Chamberlain of the Household. He was returned unopposed.
The 1872 Northern West Riding of Yorkshire by-election was fought on 3 February 1872. The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, Sir Francis Crossley. It was won by the Conservative candidate Francis Sharp Powell.
The 1872 United States elections were held on November 5, electing the members of the 43rd United States Congress. The election took place during the Third Party System. The election took place during the Reconstruction Era, and many Southerners were barred from voting. Despite a split in the party, the Republicans retained control of the presidency and both houses of Congress.
The 1872 New South Wales colonial election was for 72 members representing 60 electoral districts. The election was conducted on the basis of a simple majority or first-past-the-post voting system. In this election there were 8 multi-member districts returning 20 members and 52 single member districts. In the multi-member districts each elector could vote for as many candidates as there were vacancies. 12 districts were uncontested.
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