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Lashkar-e-Taiba is a militant Islamist organisation operating against India in Pakistan. The organization's stated objective is to merge the whole of Kashmir with Pakistan. It was founded by Hafiz Saeed, Abdullah Azzam and several other Islamist mujahideen with funding from Osama bin Laden during the Soviet-Afghan War.
Jaish-e-Mohammed is a Pakistan-based Deobandi Jihadist militant group active in Kashmir which is widely considered as a terrorist group. The group's primary motive is to separate Kashmir from India and merge it into Pakistan.
The insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir, also known as the Kashmir insurgency, is an ongoing separatist militant insurgency against the Indian administration in Jammu and Kashmir, a territory constituting the southwestern portion of the larger geographical region of Kashmir, which has been the subject of a territorial dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.
India–Pakistan relations are the bilateral ties between the Republic of India and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The two countries have a complex and largely hostile relationship that is rooted in a multitude of historical and political events, most notably the partition of British India in August 1947; the India–Pakistan border is one of the most militarised international boundaries in the world. Northern India and most of modern-day Pakistan overlap with each other in terms of their common Indo-Aryan demographic, natively speaking a variety of Indo-Aryan languages.
The 2002 Qasim Nagar massacre was the killing of 29 Hindu labourers in Qasim Nagar on the outskirts of Jammu city in the erstwhile Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir by Islamist militants belonging to the Jihadist terrorist group, Lashkar-e-Taiba on 13 July 2002.
2006 Doda Massacre refers to the massacre of 35 Hindu civilians by unidentified extremists in the Doda district of Jammu and Kashmir, India on 30 April, 2006.
Pakistan and state-sponsored terrorism refers to the involvement of Pakistan in terrorism through the backing of various designated terrorist organizations. Pakistan has been frequently accused by various countries, including its neighbours Afghanistan, India, and Iran, as well as by the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France, of involvement in a variety of terrorist activities in both its local region of South Asia and beyond. Pakistan's northwestern tribal regions along the Afghanistan–Pakistan border have been described as an effective safe haven for terrorists by Western media and the United States Secretary of Defense, while India has accused Pakistan of perpetuating the insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir by providing financial support and armaments to militant groups, as well as by sending state-trained terrorists across the Line of Control and de jure India–Pakistan border to launch attacks in Indian-administered Kashmir and India proper, respectively. According to an analysis published by the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution in 2008, Pakistan was reportedly, "with the possible exception of Iran, perhaps the world's most active sponsor of terrorist groups... aiding these groups that pose a direct threat to the United States. Pakistan's active participation has caused thousands of deaths in the region; all these years Pakistan has been supportive to several terrorist groups despite several stern warnings from the international community." Daniel Byman, a professor and senior analyst of terrorism and security at the Center For Middle East Policy, also wrote that, "Pakistan is probably 2008's most active sponsor of terrorism". In 2018, the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif, suggested that the Pakistani government played a role in the 2008 Mumbai attacks that were carried out by Lashkar-e-Taiba, a Pakistan-based Islamist terrorist group. In July 2019, Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan, on an official visit to the United States, acknowledged the presence of some 30,000–40,000 armed terrorists operating on Pakistani soil. He further stated that previous administrations were hiding this truth, particularly from the United States, for the last 15 years during the War on Terror.
2003 Nadimarg massacre was the killing of 24 Kashmiri Pandits in the village of Nadimarg in Pulwama District of Indian-administered Kashmir on 23 March 2003. The Government of India blamed militants from the Pakistan-based terrorist group, Lashkar-e-Taiba but failed to secure convictions.
2001 Kishtwar massacre was the killing of 17 Hindu villagers in village Ladder near Kishtwar in Doda District of Jammu and Kashmir by Lashkar-e-Taiba militants on 3 August 2001.
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Abdul Rehman Makki is a Pakistani radical Islamist activist and the second-in-command of Jamaat-ud-Dawah (JuD) a Pakistani Islamic welfarist militant political organization and Naib Ameer of Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), the Pakistani Islamist militant organisation which is operating against India. He is the cousin and brother-in-law of Hafiz Muhammad Saeed. He has previously taught at the Islamic University of Madinah, Saudi Arabia, and, in 2004, released a book showing how fedayeen operations are not suicide attacks.
Abdul Rauf is a Pakistani Deobandi fundamentalist Islamist militant commander of the Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM), a Deobandi Islamist militant organization which has carried out Islamist militant activities in India & Afghanistan under the support of Pakistan's main intelligence agency.
The 2016 Uri attack was carried out on 18 September by four Jaish-e-Mohammed insurgents from Pakistan against an Indian Army brigade headquarters near the town of Uri in the Indian Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. 19 Indian soldiers were killed in the attack, and 19–30 others were injured. It was reported by the BBC as having been "the deadliest attack on security forces in Kashmir in two decades".
There have been several attacks on Indian Armed Forces by militants in 2016.
The Indian Army base in Nagrota, in the Jammu district of the erstwhile Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir was attacked on 29 November 2016 by a group of Islamist militants.
Sabzar Ahmad Bhat was area commander of the militant organisation Hizbul Mujahideen. He was killed in an encounter by the police on 26 May 2017.
On 10 July 2017, the first Monday of the month of Shraavana, 8 Hindu civilian pilgrims on the way from Amarnath Temple in Kashmir Valley, in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, were killed in a terror attack. The pilgrims mostly belonged to the Indian state of Gujarat. Seven people were killed and at least 18 people were injured in the attack.
Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir include security operations such as Operation Rakshak, which began in 1990, Operation Sarp Vinash in 2003 and Operation Randori Behak in 2020. Other operations include humanitarian missions such as Operation Megh Rahat and operations with a social aim such as Operation Goodwill and Operation Calm Down. The Indian Army works in tandem with the other arms of the Indian Armed Forces and security forces in Jammu and Kashmir such as during Mission Sahayata or joint operations.
On 29 September 2016, India announced that it conducted surgical strikes against militant launch pads across the Line of Control in Pakistani-administered Kashmir, and inflicted "significant casualties". Pakistan rejected India's claim, and instead claimed that Indian troops did not cross the Line of Control and had only skirmished with Pakistani troops at the border.
Abu Qasim also known as Abdul Rahman was a Lashkar-e-Taiba commander and Pakistani national, who was mastermind behind 2015 Udhampur terrorist attack. He was killed on 29 October 2015 in the Kulgam area of Kashmir, in a joint operation by Jammu and Kashmir Police and the Indian Army. He was active in the Kashmir Valley since 2009 and carried a cash reward of INR 20 lakh ₹2,000,000 (US$25,000) on his head.
References
- ↑ Singh, Vijaita (2015-08-05). "Udhampur attack: terrorists were from Pakistan". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X . Retrieved 2022-10-11.
- ↑ TwoCircles.net (2015-08-23). "NSA talks finally off, India says unfortunate". TwoCircles.net. Retrieved 2022-10-11.
- ↑ "Top Lashkar commander Abu Qasim, who plotted Udhampur attack shot". 25 December 2015.
- ↑ Ashiq, Peerzada (2015-10-30). "Violent protests, shutdown in Kashmir over killing of Lashkar man". The Hindu . Retrieved 2015-12-29.
- ↑ "Trucker wanted in Udhampur terror attack case arrested". DNA India. Retrieved 2022-10-11.
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