| 259th Battalion, Canadian Rifles, CEF | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Active | 20 September 1918-15 November 1920 |
| Country | Canada |
| Branch | Canadian Expeditionary Force |
| Role | Infantry |
| Engagements | First World War Siberian intervention |
The 259th Battalion, Canadian Rifles, CEF (Siberia), was an infantry battalion of the Canadian Siberian Expeditionary Force during the Great War. [1] [2]
The 259th Battalion was authorized by CEF Routine Order 1087 on 20 September 1918 as well as by General Order 128 on 1 November 1918. [2] [3]
On 21 December, two companies of the battalion mutinied in the streets of Victoria, British Columbia. The mutiny occurred as the conscripts were marching from the Willows Camp to the city's Outer Wharves. Midway through the march, a platoon of troops near the rear refused to halt. Officers fired their revolvers in the air in an attempt to quell the dissent. When this failed, they ordered the obedient troops, primarily from the Ontario companies, to remove their canvas belts and whip the mutineers back into line. The march proceeded through downtown Victoria to the outer wharves, accompanied by a guard of honour of 50 troops armed with rifles and fixed bayonets. Twenty-one hours later, the SS Teesta left Victoria harbour bound for Vladivostok, with a dozen ringleaders detained in cells. While a court martial found 8 of the 9 accused guilty of "mutiny and willful disobedience", the sentences (all being some duration of hard labour, though they could have been sentenced to death) were eventually commuted by General Elmsley prior to the Canadian evacuation in early April, amid concern over the legality of deploying men under the Military Service Act for a mission tangentially connected to the "defence of the realm". [4]
The battalion and embarked for Russia on 22 and 26 December. The unit disembarked at Vladivostok on 12 and 15 January 1919 where it served with the 16th Infantry Brigade as part of the Allied Forces in eastern Russia until 19 May. The battalion disbanded on 6 November 1920. [2] [3]
The 259th Battalion recruited in London and Kingston, Ontario, and Montreal and Quebec City, Quebec, and was mobilized at Victoria, British Columbia. [2] [5]
The 259th Battalion was commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel A.E. Swift. [2] Major Paul Fleetford Sise served in the battalion, where he was one of the three panel members for the court martial of nine soldiers charged with mutiny (despite the fact he had no legal training.) [6]
Since 25 June 1998, the 259th Battalion, Canadian Rifles, CEF (Siberia), has been perpetuated by the 12e Régiment blindé du Canada. [2] [3]
The 259th Battalion was awarded the battle honour SIBERIA 1918-19. [2] [5]
The 12e Régiment blindé du Canada is a Canadian Army armoured regiment based in CFB Valcartier, on the outskirts of Quebec City. The regiment has both a Regular Force and a Primary Reserve unit. The 12e Régiment blindé du Canada's abbreviation is 12e RBC.
The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) was the expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed following Britain’s declaration of war on the German Empire on 15 August 1914, with an initial strength of one infantry division. The division subsequently fought at Ypres on the Western Front, with a newly raised second division reinforcing the committed units to form the Canadian Corps. The CEF and corps was eventually expanded to four infantry divisions, which were all committed to the fighting in France and Belgium along the Western Front. A fifth division was partially raised in 1917, but was broken up in 1918 and used as reinforcements following heavy casualties.
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