91st Field Artillery Regiment (PA) | |
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Active | August 28, 1941 - April 9, 1942 |
Disbanded | April 9, 1942 |
Country | Philippines |
Allegiance | United States Army |
Branch | Army |
Type | Field Artillery |
Role | Fire Support |
Size | 1,500 |
Part of | 91st Infantry Division |
Garrison/HQ | Camp Downes, Tacloban, Leyte |
Equipment | M1916 75mm Howitzers QF2.95inch Mountain Guns |
Engagements | Battle of Bataan |
Commanders | |
Notable commanders | Lieutenant Colonel Victor Gomez, PA |
91st Field Artillery Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated and organized in August 1941. It is part of 91st Infantry Division under Brigadier General Luther R. Stevens, PA who fought in Battle of Bataan. Whole regiment became POW after surrendering on April 9, 1942, to Japanese 14th Army. [1]
Philippine Commonwealth Army Field Artillery Regiments | ||||
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The regiment was activated in Tacloban, Leyte and recruits came for Leyte and Samar Island except for some officers who came from Luzon. Lieutenant Colonel Victor Gomez of Philippine Army was appointed to command.[ citation needed ]
HQ Battery is under 3Lieutenant Armando Daffon, 1st Battalion under 2nd Lieutenant Rizal De Umali, 2nd Battalion is under 1st Lieutenant Gregorio Fajardo, and 3rd Battalion under 3rd Lieutenant Benjamin Labayen.[ citation needed ]
Right before the completion of the training, the 91st Division was ordered transferred to Luzon along with its 2 Infantry Regiments and the only field artillery regiment. It reached Manila on September 10, 1941. They were moved to Camp Del Pilar, Dau, Pampanga for further training.[ citation needed ]
91st Division was held as reserve force of the Philippine Army. It did not see action at the start of the hostilities of World War II in the Philippines. However, 91st Field Artillery was attached to 71st Division during Battle of Layac Junction. [2]
91st Field Artillery fought at the II Corps Area under Major General George M. Parker, it fought in Abucay-Mauban Line and was trasferred to I Corps and participated in holding Orion-Bagac Line. [3]
United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE) was a military formation of the United States Army active from 1941 to 1946. The new command's headquarters was created on 26 July 1941, at No. 1, Calle Victoria, Manila, Luzon, the Philippines, with General Douglas MacArthur as commander. The Chief of Staff was Brigadier General Richard K. Sutherland and the Deputy Chief of Staff was Lieutenant Colonel Richard J. Marshall. The core of this command was drawn from the Office of the Military Advisor to the Commonwealth Government of the Philippines.
The Philippines campaign, also known as the Battle of the Philippines or the Fall of the Philippines, was the invasion of the American territory of the Philippines by the Empire of Japan and the defense of the islands by United States and the Philippine Armies during World War II.
The Battle of Bataan was fought by the United States and the Philippine Commonwealth against Imperial Japan during World War II. The battle represented the most intense phase of the Japanese invasion of the Philippines during World War II. In January 1942, forces of the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy invaded Luzon along with several islands in the Philippine Archipelago after the bombing of the American naval base at Pearl Harbor.
The Philippine Army (PA) is the main, oldest and largest branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), responsible for ground warfare and as of 2021 had an estimated strength of 143,100 soldiers The service branch was established on December 21, 1935, as the Philippine Commonwealth Army. The Philippine Army has engaged in many conflicts including the ongoing Communist rebellion in the Philippines, the Moro conflict and, alongside other national military forces, in conflicts of international scope.
The 51st Infantry Division was a division of the Philippine Army under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE).
The 71st Infantry Division was a reserve division of the Philippine Army that fought under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). It was known for its fight with Japanese invading forces in Layac Junction, that was ordered to hold until all retreating Fil-American forces of crossed into Bataan Peninsula.
The 81st Infantry Division was a reserve division of the Philippine Army under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). It was established in the prewar period and fought 1941–1942. Its troops are from Cebu, Bohol, and Leyte but most of its troops are Americans and junior officers are Filipinos coming mostly from Luzon. The division served in defense of Mindanao but it never commanded the 4 of its maneuver regiments but was supplemented with 61st Infantry from Panay and 73rd Infantry from Negros. Also, 2nd Regular Regiment was transferred to its command in the early part of Japanese invasion of Mindanao.
The 91st Infantry Division was a division of the Philippine Army under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE).
Luzon Force or Bataan Defense Force is a short-lived Field Army size unit created in the Philippines after the restructure of command organized by General Douglas MacArthur commander of US Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). He wished to control the 4 Commands from Australia with its representative in Corregidor Island. Major General Jonathan M. Wainwright IV was selected to command as the senior general officer in Bataan peninsula.
Visayas-Mindanao Force was a military formation created in November 1941 to command all soldiers of US Army, US Philippine Scouts, Philippine Army, and Philippine Constabulary in the southern islands of the Philippines. Colonel William F. Sharp was appointed as commanding general and was promoted to Brigadier General in November 1941 and later Major General. His executive officer is Major Howard Edmands. He was just starting to organize his command and train his soldiers into a fighting unit when the war started on December 7, 1941.
91st Infantry Regiment is a reserve unit of the Philippine Commonwealth Army during World War II. It was a part of 91st Infantry Division, based in Leyte but was transferred to Luzon to augment the defense there. It was held as a reserve force of USAFFE but participated in the Battle of Bataan.
92nd Infantry Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated and organized in September 1941. It was part of 91st Division under Brigadier General Luther Stevens. They fought in Battle of Bataan and surrendered in April 1942 when Luzon Force commander Major General Edward P. King Jr., surrendered all his troops.
74th Infantry Regiment is a provisional unit activated and organized in Negros during World War II after all units of 71st Infantry Division was transferred to Luzon and Mindanao. It was comprised mostly of reserve out of ROTC cadets and recruits within Negros Island. It was activated after Headquarters, Philippine Army authorized in December 1941.
71st Field Artillery Regiment was a military unit of Philippine Army activated in 1941 as part of 71st Infantry Division. It fought in Luzon during Japanese landing and also in Bataan. All officers and men was captured during surrender of Fil-American forces in Bataan on April 9, 1942.
51st Field Artillery Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated and organized in 1941 and fought during World War II. The regiment is a component of 51st Infantry Division under Brigadier General Albert M. Jones, responsible for the defense of Bicol Peninsula.
41st Field Artillery Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated in August 1941 and organized to defense Southern Luzon area. It was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Amado Martelino. It was part of General Vicente Lim's 41st Infantry Division who fought in Bataan.
21st Field Artillery Regiment, a unit of the 21st Infantry Division of the Philippine Army under the USAFFE, was mobilized on 18-November-1941, and was in action from December 1941 to 09-April-1942. The Division's area of responsibility covered La Union, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac and Pangasinan.
31st Field Artillery Regiment, is a unit of 31st Infantry Division of the Philippine Army under the USAFFE, mobilized in August 1941 but was equipped in November, and was in action December 1941 to April 9, 1942. Division's area of responsibility covered Zambales, Pampanga, Bataan, and Bulacan.
11th Field Artillery Regiment, was a unit of 11th Infantry Division of the Philippine Army under the USAFFE, mobilized in August 1941 but was equipped in November, and was in action December 1941 to April 9, 1942. Division's area of responsibility covered Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Cordillera, Cagayan, and Isabela.
301st Field Artillery Regiment, is a heavy artillery non-divisional unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated in November 1941 to be used as Corps Artillery. It was activated in Camp Del Pilar, Dau, Pampanga. It fought in Battle of Bataan inflicting heavy casualties to Japanese in Abucay-Mauban Line and Orion-Bagac Line.