| AFSPA, 1958 | |
|---|---|
 DVD cover | |
| Directed by | Haobam Paban Kumar |
| Produced by | Bachaspatimayum Sunzu Haobam Paban Kumar |
Release date |
|
Running time | 77 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Manipuri |
AFSPA, 1958 is a 2006 Manipuri documentary film directed by Haobam Paban Kumar in his directorial debut [1] [2] and produced by Bachaspatimayum Sunzu and Haobam himself. [3] The film won the National Film Award for Best Non-Feature Film at the 56th National Film Awards. [4]
This documentary covers civil disobedience in Manipur against the Armed Forces Special Powers Act, 1958. It highlights the protests that followed the 2004 murder of Thangjam Manorama, [5] where residents protested the broad powers given to security forces under AFSPA. One famous photograph from this time shows 30 middle-aged women marching naked through Imphal, the state capital, to the Assam Rifles headquarters [6] [7]
At the 10th Ismailia International Film Festival in Egypt, the film won three awards. [8] It also received both the International Jury Prize and the FIPRESCI Prize at the Mumbai International Film Festival. [9] Additionally, it was honored with the Swarna Kamal at the National Film Awards and was selected for screening at MoMA in New York. [10] [8]
Richard Kupers of Variety (magazine) noted "Though flawed by conventional documentary standards, AFSPA, 1958 has an undeniable fury. Comprised mostly of incendiary footage, Haobam Paban Kumar’s 77-minute documentary could be trimmed to an hour for broadcasters." [11]
Armed Forces Act (AFSPA), 1958 is an act of the Parliament of India that grants special powers to the Indian Armed Forces to maintain public order in "disturbed areas". According to the Disturbed Areas Act, 1976 once declared 'disturbed', the area has to maintain status quo for a minimum of 3 months. One such act passed on 11 September 1958 was applicable to the Naga Hills, then part of Assam. In the following decades it spread, one by one, to the other Seven Sister States in India's northeast. Another one passed in 1983 and applicable to Punjab and Chandigarh was withdrawn in 1997, roughly 14 years after it came to force. An act passed in 1990 was applied to Jammu and Kashmir and has been in force since.
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Thangjam Manorama (1971–2004) was a 32-year-old woman from Manipur, India who was killed by the Indian paramilitary unit, 17th Assam Rifles on 11 July 2004. Her bullet-ridden and badly mutilated dead body was found abandoned three kilometers away from her home where she was arrested the night before. She was shot several times. Official investigations recorded that she was tortured and raped before being killed but there was no involvement of the Assam Rifles.
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