ANSI Z535

Last updated
ANSI Z535
Z535 Safety Alerting Standards
ANSI Z535 - Danger High Voltage.svg ANSI Z535 - Warning Biohazard.svg
Example ANSI Z535 safety signs, for high voltage and Biohazard.
AbbreviationANSI Z535, Z535
Year startedSeptember 1987 (1987-09)
First publishedJune 1991;33 years ago (1991-06)
Latest version6
2022
Organization American National Standards Institute
CommitteeZ535 Committee
Related standardsPrevious Standards:
DomainSafety signage design
Website webstore.ansi.org/standards/nema/ansiz5352022-2475871

ANSI Z535 is an American-developed standard for displaying Hazardous Communication (HazCom) in all North American workplaces and most workplaces in industrialized nations throughout the world. ANSI Z535 standards integrate with the international ISO 3864 standards ensuring the most widely accepted export requirements are followed. ANSI Z535 standardized HazCom may appear on workplace walls, industrial machines, at industrial access points, inside product user guides, of all types, and on export documentation.

Contents

Sub-Standards

ANSI Z535 standards are described in the following individual instruction books for six specific HazCom categories: [1]

Regulation

American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) work side-by-side to manage Hazardous Communications (HazCom) in all American workplaces and in conjunction with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) for international HazCom. While ANSI manages HazCom design and application standards, OSHA sets federal laws and provides states and local governments with standards they use to establish laws and regulate codes within their own jurisdictions. The Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act of 1970 is one of the most important of all HazCom federal laws because it clearly states the employer's legal responsibility:

"Each employer shall furnish to each of his employees' employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees." [2]

Shortly after the OSH Act of 1970 was passed into law, OSHA updated its HazCom standards with the passage of OSHA Standard 1910.145. This standard was one of the first to clarify design, application and use of HazCom signs and symbols. These newer standards also helped define specific hazards that could harm workers, the public, or both and/or cause damage to property. OSHA Standard 1910.145 covers all safety signs except those designed for streets, highways and railroads. [3]

With the passage of OSHA Standard 1910.145, the administration also began referencing ANSI HazCom design and application standards instead of creating its own (see example below):

"Fundamental Specification of Safety Colors for CIE Standard Source 'C,' " of ANSI Z53.1-1967 or in Table 1, "Specification of the Safety Colors for CIE Illuminate C and the CIE 1931, 2° Standard Observer," of ANSI Z535.1-2006(R2011), incorporated by reference in § 1910.6." [4]

Today, ANSI Z53.1-1967 and ANSI Z53.1-1968 are known as ANSI Z535.1, Z535.2, Z535.3, Z535.4, Z535.5 and Z535.6. These standards (books) offer more specific HazCom guidance for employers designing workplaces, manufacturers providing products to the workplace, as well as employers documenting workplace procedures, and manufacturers documenting product manuals. ANSI's Z535 signal words and associated design standards are crafted to interface seamlessly with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - making ANSI's DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION and NOTICE standards the most widely used and accepted in the world. [5] [6] However, these newer ANSI standards are not yet referenced by OSHA and not legally binding. According to OSHA, the newer ANSI standards will fulfill OSHA's HazCom requirements when substituted in place of the older ANSI Z53.1-1967 and ANSI Z53.1-1968.

"OSHA will continue to reference the ANSI Z35.1-68 and ANSI Z53.1-67 standards when enforcing workplace safety. Employers are allowed, however, to comply with the most current consensus standards applicable to their operations, rather than with the OSHA standard in effect at the time of inspection, when the employer's action provides equal or greater employee protection. So long as the standards used by the employer provide such protection, a violation where the employer is not in compliance with OSHA's standards but is in compliance with the new standards may be considered de minimis and not be cited." [7]

Although OSHA does not legally require or reference ANSI's newest HazCom standards, proper use of the latest ANSI Z535 standards offers employers and manufacturers many advantages.

In a 2013 public letter to NEMA/ANSI, OSHA says it is actively working to incorporate ANSI's latest Z535 standards into its HazCom design references. [8]

Development

The ANSI Z535 standards are administered and published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), an association of member companies that manufacture a diverse set of products including power transmission and distribution equipment, lighting systems, factory automation and control systems, and medical diagnostic imaging systems. [9] NEMA is headquartered in Arlington, Virginia.

These standards have been developed and formulated by the ANSI Z535 committee, originally formed in 1979 and accredited by the American National Standards Institute. This committee is a highly active United States standards-making body that writes these standards to govern the characteristics of visual safety markings that are used to warn about hazards and prevent accidents.

As of 2020, the chair of the committee is Steven M. Hall, Senior Consultant, Applied Safety + Ergonomics in Ann Arbor, Michigan. [10] Previously, the chairmanship was held by Geoffrey Peckham, CEO of Clarion Safety Systems from 2012 to 2020, succeeding Gary Bell who held the chair for more than two decades.

The ANSI Z535 standard series is continually improved and refined based on human factors, research, and court case precedents. These standards are formally revised every five years, with the most recent publication in October 2017.

Usage

ANSI Z535-style communications are becoming more prevalent in society. Identified by their use of the signal words "DANGER", "WARNING", "CAUTION", "NOTICE", or "SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS", ANSI-style signs most often include specific details about the nature of the hazard, the consequence of interaction with the hazard, and avoidance procedures. Product manufacturers and facility owners in a wide array of industries use the ANSI Z535 standards in their efforts to assure a safer workplace and the safe use of their products so both accidents and lawsuits are minimized. [11]

Safety colors provided by ANSI Z535 are harmonized with U.S. Federal Regulations, [12] and include tolerances ranges [13] to make them compatible with ISO 3864. However, ANSI safety colors are not exactly the same colors as used in U.S. traffic signs prescribed by the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). [14]

ANSI Z535.1-2017 Safety Colors (PMS, Munsell and HEX Code) ANSI-Z535.1-2017-Safety-Colors.svg
ANSI Z535.1-2017 Safety Colors (PMS, Munsell and HEX Code)

The ANSI Z535 standards are often cited in U.S. court decisions as the state-of-the-art benchmark against which safety markings and their adequacy are judged.[ citation needed ]

See also

Related Research Articles

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References

  1. NEM (25 April 2018). "ANSI Z535 Brief Description of all Six Standards". National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Archived from the original on 29 May 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  2. "OSH Act of 1970". United States Department of Labor. US Department of Labor. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  3. "1910.145 - Specifications for accident prevention signs and tags". US Department of Labor. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  4. "1910.145 - Specifications for accident prevention signs and tags". US Department of Labor. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  5. "ANSI Z35.1: Specifications for Accident Prevention Signs" (PDF). law.resource.org. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  6. "ANSI News". ansi.org. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  7. "1910.145 - Specifications for accident prevention signs and tags". US Department of Labor. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  8. "Updating OSHA Standards Based on National Consensus Standards; Signage". osha.gov/. OSHA. Retrieved 5 May 2021.
  9. NEMA. "ANSI Z535 Safety Alerting Standards - NEMA". www.nema.org. Retrieved 2016-12-27.
  10. "ANSI Z535 Standards Committee 2020 Meeting Update" (PDF). Applied Safety + Ergonomics. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  11. Kundinger, Mathew (Autumn 2008). "ANSI Z535.6 and product safety" (PDF). nema.org. National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  12. "49 CFR 172". Code of Federal Regulations. Retrieved 2020-10-13.
  13. Furber, Brandon (19 October 2016). "How to Write ANSI Safety Colors in Your Specification". Electro-Mark Blog. Electro-Mark. Retrieved 2020-10-13.
  14. "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices: MUTCD Color Specifications (23 CFR 655)". Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved 2020-10-13.