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The foreign relations of Ghana are controlled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ghana. Ghana is active in the United Nations and many of its specialised agencies,the World Trade Organization,the Non-Aligned Movement,the Organisation of African Unity (OAU),the African Union (AU) and the Economic Community of West African States. Generally,it follows the consensus of the Non-aligned Movement and the OAU on economic and political issues not directly affecting its own interests. Ghana has been extremely active in international peacekeeping activities under UN auspices in Lebanon,Afghanistan,Rwanda,and the Balkans,in addition to an eight-year sub-regional initiative with its ECOWAS partners to develop and then enforce a cease-fire in Liberia. Ghana is also a member of the International Criminal Court.
The Republic of Ghana is named after the medieval West African Ghana Empire. The empire became known in Europe and Arabia as the Ghana Empire after the title of its Emperor,the Ghana. The empire appears to have broken up following the 1076 conquest by the Almoravid General Abu-Bakr Ibn-Umar. A reduced kingdom continued to exist after Almoravid rule ended,and the kingdom was later incorporated into subsequent Sahelian empires,such as the Mali Empire several centuries later. Geographically,the ancient Ghana Empire was approximately 500 miles (800 km) north and west of the modern state of Ghana,and controlled territories in the area of the Sénégal River and east towards the Niger rivers,in modern Senegal,Mauritania and Mali.
Jerry John Rawlings was a Ghanaian military officer and politician who led the country for a brief period in 1979,and then from 1981 to 2001. He led a military junta until 1992,and then served two terms as the democratically elected President of Ghana.
The National Democratic Congress (NDC) is a social democratic political party in Ghana,founded by Jerry Rawlings,who was Head of State of Ghana from 1981 to 1993 and the President of Ghana from 1993 to 2001. Following the formation of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC),which ruled Ghana following the military coup d'état on 31 December 1981,there was pressure from the international community to restore democracy. The NDC was formed as the ruling party ahead of elections in 1992,in which Rawlings was elected president,and in 1996 Rawlings was re-elected as the NDC candidate. Rawlings' second term ended in 2001.
Kwamena Ahwoi is a Ghanaian academic and politician,who served as Minister for Local Government and Rural Development from 1990 to 2001 in the National Democratic Congress (NDC) government,during the reign of Jerry Rawlings. He also briefly served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1997,and was acting minister in that department during much of the 1990s.
The Parliament of Ghana is the legislative body of the Government of Ghana.
Alban Sumana Kingsford Bagbin is a Ghanaian politician who is the current Speaker of the Parliament of Ghana. He was the Minister for Health in the Ghana government from January 2012 until February 2013 when Hanny-Sherry Ayittey took over the position. He served as the Member of Parliament for Nadowli West constituency in the Upper West Region of Ghana in the 1st,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th and 7th parliaments of the 4th republic of Ghana. He contested for the presidential candidate slot of the National Democratic Congress in 2019 but subsequently lost to former President John Dramani Mahama. On 7 January 2021 Bagbin was elected Speaker of 8th Parliament of the Fourth Republic.
The Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) was the name of the Ghanaian government after the People's National Party's elected government was overthrown by Jerry Rawlings,the former head of the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council,in a coup d'état on 31 December 1981. He remained in power until 7 January 1993. In a statement,Rawlings said that a "holy war" was necessary due to the PNP's failure to provide effective leadership and the collapse of the national economy and state services.
Brigadier Joseph Nunoo-Mensah is a Ghanaian soldier and politician. He is a former Chief of Defence Staff of the Ghana Armed Forces. He was also a member of the Provisional National Defence Council government which overthrew the government of Dr. Hilla Limann in 1981.
Augustus "Goosie" Obuadum Tanoh is a Ghanaian politician and businessman. He was the leader of the National Reform Party,a breakaway group from the National Democratic Congress between 1999 and 2007 and represented this party in the 2000 presidential election,where he garnered 1.1% of the national vote. He returned to the National Democratic Congress with his colleagues from the National Reform Party at the behest and upon appeals made by President John Atta Mills in 2007/2008. Tanoh is originally a founding member of the National Democratic Congress.
Enoch Teye Mensah is a Ghanaian politician. He was a Minister for Education and a Member of Parliament in Ghana from January 1997 till January 2017. He is popularly referred to as E. T. Mensah.
Joseph Yieleh Chireh is a Ghanaian pharmacist,barrister,diplomat and politician. He is the a former Member for Parliament for Wa West. He served in the 4th,5th,6th and 7th parliament of the 4th Republic of Ghana. He is also a Member of the Pan-African Parliament.
Henry Romulus Sawyerr,was a Ghanaian statesman and surveyor who was Ghana's Minister for Education from 1993 to 1997;the first person in this post in the Fourth Republic. In the Second Republic,Sawyerr was Member of Parliament (MP) for Osu-Klottey as a non-party candidate. In the Third Republic,he was again elected MP but gave up the seat to be in Limann's cabinet as Minister for Transport and Communications from 1979 to 1981.
Ferdinand Ohene-Kena was a professional Mining Engineer and a political figure in the Republic of Ghana.
Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu is a Ghanaian politician and a businessman. Iddrisu was a member of the Provisional National Defence Council and he is a former Minister for Defence. He is a founding member of the National Democratic Congress. He is the longest-serving Minister of Defence of Ghana,serving from 1985 to 1999,for 14 years. As a politician,he believes in the Social Democratic philosophy.
Kojo Tsikata was a Ghanaian military officer and politician,who served as the Head of National Security and Foreign Affairs of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC). He was listed as a retired army captain in the Ghana Army.
Daniel Ohene Agyekum is a Ghanaian diplomat and politician who is member of the National Democratic Congress (NDC),who served as the former Ambassador to the United States of America during the John Evans Atta Mills government between 2009 and 2013. He has served as Regional Minister for Eastern,Ashanti and Greater Accra regions in the past. He also served as Minister of state in charge of Chieftaincy and State Protocol during the Jerry John Rawlings Government from 2000 to 2001.
Naa Polku Konkuu Chiiri was a Ghanaian teacher,traditional leader and politician. He served as a member of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) military government.
Ebo Tawiah is a Ghanaian unionist and politician. He was a member of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) military government led by Jerry Rawlings which ruled Ghana after the overthrow of the Limann government.
Ato Austin was a Ghanaian politician. He was a member of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) military government which ruled after the overthrow of the Limann government in December 1981. He held various portfolios in the government led by Jerry Rawlings.
References
- ↑ "Algeria ready with oil aid". Ghana News. Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana. 12 (1): 11. January 1983. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
- ↑ Martin K.I Christensen. "Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership" . Retrieved 27 September 2021.
- ↑ "Greater Accra NDC inaugurates committee". GhanaWeb. 22 June 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
- ↑ "SmartKids present at Ghana Day 2010 | SmartKids Foundation". smartkidsfoundation.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 27 September 2021.