Abu Khalid al-Kabuli was one of Muhammad al-Baqir's followers after Zain al-Abidin. [1] He was also known as Vardan and Kankar, because of Zain al-Abidin's address to Kankar, this nickname remained and his hadiths became famous with this nickname. [2] He was one of the most important followers of Zain al-Abidin. [3] he was an eminent of the 1st/7th century [4] [5]
Abu Khaled Al-Kabuli, He was one of the companions of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya, who later became one of the companions of Zayn al-Abidin. [6] While accompanying and serving Muhammad ibn Hanafiyah, he was able to meet Zayn al-Abidin with the guidance and insistence of Yahya ibn Umm Dawal, due to the references he made about the high status of Zayn al-Abidin and the great respect that Muhammad Hanifiyah had for him.When Zain al-Abidin called him by his childhood name, Kankar, he became sure of his Imamate [7] His mother gave him the nickname Kankar but was not known by this nickname among the people of that time [8] The Ismailis believe that Ibn Hanafiyah was appointed by Husayn as a temporary imam as a cover to protect the real imam, Zayn al-Abidin. [9] According to Al-Fadl ibn Shadhan, during the lifetime of Ali ibn. Husayn, among the Imam's companions, no one knew the Imam and did not follow him completely, except for five people, which are:Sa'id ibn Jubayr, Said ibn al-Musayyib, Muhammad b. Jubeer b. Mutam, Yahya b. Umm al-Tawil and Abu Khaled al-Kabel. [10] Abu Khaled Kabuli spent most of his life in Medina from 61 to 114. [11]
Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Ṣādiq, commonly known as Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq, was an 8th-century Shia Muslim scholar, jurist, and theologian. He was the founder of the Jaʿfarī school of Islamic jurisprudence and the sixth Imam of the Twelver and Ismāʿīlī denominations of Shīʿa Islam. The traditions (ḥadīth) recorded from al-Ṣādiq and his predecessor, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Bāqir, are said to be more numerous than all the ḥadīth reports preserved from the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the other Shīʿīte Imams combined. Among other theological contributions, he elaborated the doctrine of nass and isma, as well as that of taqiya.
Zayd ibn ʿAlī, also spelled Zaid, was the son of Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, and great-grandson of Ali ibn Abi Talib. He led an unsuccessful revolt against the Umayyad Caliphate, in which he died. The event gave rise to the Zaydiyya sect of Shia Islam, which holds him as the next Imam after his father Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. Zayd ibn Ali is also seen as a major religious figure by many Sunnis and was supported by the prominent Sunni jurist, Abu Hanifa, who issued a fatwa in support of Zayd against the Umayyads.
Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib, commonly known as Muḥammad al-Baqir, Abū Jaʿfar, or simply al-Bāqir was the fifth Imam in Shia Islam, succeeding his father, Zayn al-Abidin, and succeeded by his son, Ja'far al-Sadiq. His mother, Fatima Umm Abd Allah, was the daughter of Hasan, making al-Baqir the first Imam who descended from both grandsons of Muhammad, namely, Hasan and Husayn.
The Alids are those who claim descent from Ali ibn Abi Talib, the fourth Rashidun caliph and the first imam in Shia Islam. Ali was also the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The main branches are the Hasanids and Husaynids, named after Hasan and Husayn, the eldest sons of Ali from his marriage to Fatima, the daughter of Muhammad. As the progeny of Muhammad, they are revered by all Muslims. The Alids have led various movements in Islam, and a line of twelve Alids are the imams in Twelver Shia, the largest Shia branch.
ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, also known as al-Sajjād or simply as Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, c. 4 January 659 – c. 13 October 713, was an Imam in Shiʻi Islam after his father Husayn ibn Ali, his uncle Hasan ibn Ali, and his grandfather, Ali ibn Abi Talib.
Al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādiyya is a book of supplications attributed to Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, the great-grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, the fourth Twelver Shi'a Imam and the third Ismaili Shi'a Imam. A seminal work in early Islamic spirituality, the book is considered to be the oldest prayer manual in Islamic sources. Shia tradition regards the book with great respect, ranking it behind the Quran and Ali's Nahj al-Balagha. Fifty-four supplications form the main body of Al-Sahifa, which often also includes an addenda of fourteen supplications and fifteen munajats. Al-Sahifa is often regarded as authentic by the specialists in the science of hadith. Chittick describes the book as "one of the deepest veins of Islamic spirituality," while Husain Mohammad Jafri posits that the supplications in Al-Sahifa embody the answers to many of the spiritual questions faced by the man of our age.
Ali al-Akbar ibn al-Husayn, commonly known as simply Ali al-Akbar, was the son of Layla bint Abi Murra and Husayn ibn Ali, the third Shia imam and the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Aged between eighteen to twenty-five, Ali was killed at the Battle of Karbala in 680 CE, alongside his father and some seventy-two relatives and supporters, who fought against the army of the Umayyad caliph Yazid ibn Mu'awiya. In Shia Islam, Ali al-Akbar is commemorated as a brave youth martyred before he could marry, and celebrated for his striking resemblance, in appearance and manners, to his great-grandfather, the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAmr ibn Ḥarām al-Anṣārī, Abu Muhammad and Abu Abd al-Rahman also wrote his nickname was a prominent companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Imami sources say Jabir was one of Ali's special and chosen companions and one of Hassan, Hussein, Zain al-Abidin and Muhammad Baqir's companions. Jaber narrated hadiths from Abu Bakr, Umar, Ammar ibn Yasir and Muadh ibn Jabal, and he narrated hadiths from young companions including Saʽid al-Khudri and Abu Hurayra. Jabir bin Abdullah also had a scientific reputation among the companions. According to Hisham ibn Urwah, he had a circle for teaching in the Prophet's Mosque, which brought followers around him in connection with the Quran.
Umm Farwa bint al-Qāsim or Umm Farwa Fāṭima was the wife of Muhammad al-Baqir, and the mother of the sixth Imam, Ja'far al-Sadiq.
Abu Sa'id Aban ibn Taghlib ibn Rubah al-Kindi Most of the sources of his epithet are given by Abu Saeed, some by Abu Saad or bin Saeed, and others also mention Abu Umayma.
Fāṭima bint al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī, fl. 7th century, was a daughter of Hasan ibn Ali and Umm Ishaq bint Talha. She was married to Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, and became the mother of Muhammad al-Baqir. Her kunya was Umm ʿAbd Allāh and she was referred to as al-Ṣiddīqa by her husband Ali. It has also been reported that her features were such, that no one in the family of Hasan ibn Ali looked like her.
The Bazighiyya Shia was a Ghulat sect of Shia Islam. They believed that Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Sādiq was God. Today, descendants of the followers of the sect either converted to Shia Islam or mainstream Twelver Shia Islam.
Risālat al-Ḥuqūq is a work attributed to Ali ibn al-Husayn, the great-grandson of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, and the fourth Shia Imam, also known by the honorific title Zayn al-Abidin. According to Chittick, Risalat al-Huquq is as an elaboration of a saying by Muhammad about individual rights that illustrates how Islam diverges from the modern western notions of human rights, though it remains close to other religious traditions. Risalat al-Huquq is related by Abu Hamza al-Thumali, a close confidante of Zayn al-Abidin. The first version of Risalat al-Huquq appears in al-Khisal and al-Amali by Shaykh al-Suduq, and the second one in Tuhaf al-Uqul by Ibn Shu'ba. In one of its two versions, Risalat al-Huquq is prefaced by the sentence "This is the treatise of Ali ibn al-Husayn to one of his companions," suggesting that it was brought to life at the request of a disciple.
The Fifteen Whispered Prayers, also known as The Fifteen Munajat, is a collection of fifteen prayers attributed to Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, the fourth Imam of Shia Muslims. Imam Sajjad is also the author of Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, another collection of prayers, and some researchers regard the whispered prayers as a supplementary part of the latter collection.
Zurārah ibn Aʿyan was a famous companion of Imam Baqir, Imam Sadiq, and Imam Kazim. He evolved the theory that the knowledge of God is an obligation on every believer and cannot be attained without an Imam designated by God, and thus complete obedience to the Imam is a religious duty.
The supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali is a dua attributed to Ali ibn al-Husayn, the great-grandson of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, and the fourth Shia Imam, also known by the honorific title Zayn al-Abidin. Abu Hamzah Al-Thumali, who was a companion of Zayn al-Abidin, is the principal narrator of this supplication, which appears in Eqbal al-a’mal by Sayyed ibn Tawus. It is said that Zayn al-Abidin recited the supplication every evening or dawn during the month of Ramadan.
Jābir ibn Yazīd al-Juʿfī, died c. 745–750, was a Kufan transmitter of hadith and a companion of the Shi'a Imams Muhammad al-Baqir (677–732) and Ja'far al-Sadiq. His reputation among later Muslims was uneven: while some Sunni and Shia scholars considered him a reliable authority, others rejected him for his alleged 'extremist' or 'exaggerated' ideas. In some sources he is said to have followed the ideas of the 'exaggerator' al-Mughira ibn Sa'id, while other sources deny this.
Yaḥyā b. Abī l-Qāsim al-Asadī (d. 150 AH / 767 AD), known as Abū Baṣīr al-Asadī or simply Abu Basir was a Imami figure in Kufa. Abu Basir al-Asadi was in the company of Muhammad al-Baqir for a long time and after that he became one of the companions of Jafar al-Sadiq. Abu Basir's name is included in the number of six companions of al-Baqir and al-Sadiq that hadiths narrated by any one of them is considered authentic by many Shi'a scholars. Some consider Abu Basir al-Moradi as one of those six people instead of Abu Basir al-Asadi. A large number of religious and jurisprudential traditions in Imamiyyah hadith books, which were narrated from al-Sadiq through Abu Basir, show the extent of their association.Shaykh Tusi listed him among the companions of Musa al-Kadhim too. In addition to narrating from imams, Abu Basir al-Asadi has conveyed Hadiths narrated from some Imami narrators such as Abu Hamza al-Thumali and Saleh (Imran) ibn Maytham.
Abu al-Tufayl Amir ibn Wathila al-Kinani was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and of a number of Shia imams. He was also a poet. Abu al-Tufayl went to Kufa during the reign of Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman and then to Al-Mada'in. For many years, he was a companions of Ali. Abu al-Tufayl also studied scientific matters from Ali bin Abi Talib. After the death of Ali, he returned to Mecca and stayed there to the end of his life, around 102/732.