Acutolysin A

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Acutolysin A (also called AaH I) is a toxin found in the snake Agkistrodon acutus. This snake is a pit viper found in the mountains of South Asia. This snake is extremely venomous having a reputation where people can only walk one hundred steps before dying. This venom causes people to be forced to amputate limbs and well as mesangiolysis. Mesangiolysis [1] is the process which affects the glomerular mesangium without causing obvious damage to the capillary basement membranes. It is the degeneration and killing of the cells that line the inner layer of the glomerulus, which regulates the globular filtration in the kidney. This causes the kidney to be unable to function, resulting in death. AaH I is a strongly hemorrhagic metalloproteinase, this is an enzyme that uses a metal as the catalyst. It has a molecular weight of 22  kDa . [2] [3]

References

  1. ↑ Morita, Takashi; Churg, Jacob (1983-07-01). "Mesangiolysis". Kidney International. 24 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1038/ki.1983.119. ISSN   0085-2538.
  2. ↑ "MEROPS – the Peptidase Database". www.ebi.ac.uk.
  3. ↑ Gong, Weimin; Zhu, Xueyong; Liu, Sijiu; Teng, Maikun; Niu, Liwen (1998). "Crystal structures of acutolysin A, a three-disulfide hemorrhagic zinc metalloproteinase from the snake venom of Agkistrodon acutus". Journal of Molecular Biology. 283 (3): 657–668. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1998.2110. PMID   9784374.
  1. ↑ "Deinagkistrodon". Reactions Weekly. 1794 (1): 16. March 2020. doi:10.1007/s40278-020-75812-6. ISSN   0114-9954.
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