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The Fula, Fulani, or Fulɓe people is an ethnic group in Sahara, Sahel and West Africa, widely dispersed across the region. Inhabiting many countries, they live mainly in West Africa and northern parts of Central Africa, South Sudan, Darfur, and regions near the Red Sea coast in Sudan. The approximate number of Fula people is unknown, due to clashing definitions regarding Fula ethnicity. Various estimates put the figure between 25 and 40 million people worldwide.
Yola, meaning 'Great Plain' or 'Vast Plain Land', is a large city, capital city and administrative centre of Adamawa State, Nigeria. It is located on the Benue River, and it has a population of over 336,648 (2010). Yola is split into two parts. The old town of Yola where the Lamido resides is the traditional city and the new city of Jimeta is the administrative and commercial centre. They are generally referred to as Yola.
Adamawa State is a state in the North-East geopolitical zone of Nigeria, bordered by Borno to the northwest, Gombe to the west for 95 km, and Taraba to the southwest for about 366 km, while its eastern border forms part of the national border with Cameroon across the Atlantica Mountains for about 712 km. It takes its name from the historic emirate of Adamawa, with the emirate's old capital of Yola, serving as the capital city of Adamawa state. The state is one of the most heterogeneous in Nigeria, with over 100 indigenous ethnic groups. It was formed in 1991, when the former Gongola state was divided into Adamawa and Taraba states. Since it was carved out of the old Gongola State in 1991 by the General Ibrahim Badamsi Babangida military regime, Adamawa State has had 10 men, both military and civilian, controlling the levers of power, who played crucial roles in transforming the state into what it is today.
Adamawa or Adamaua may refer to :
The Adamawa Plateau is a plateau region in west-central Africa stretching from south-eastern Nigeria through north-central Cameroon to the Central African Republic. The part of the plateau that lies in Nigeria is more popularly known as Gotel Mountains.
Taraba State is a state in north-eastern Nigeria, named after the Taraba River, which traverses the Southern part of the state. Taraba State capital is Jalingo. Its slogan is Nature's Gift to the Nation. The main ethnic groups are the Fulani, Mumuye, Mambilla, Jukun, Tiv, Kuteb, Wurkun, Yandang, Ndola, Itchen, Jenjo, Tigun,And Jibu. The northern part is mainly dominated by the Fulani, and mumuye. The southern parts are dominated by the Jukun, Chamba, Tiv, Kuteb and Ichen.The central region is mainly occupied by Fulani Mambilla, Ndola, Tigun, Jibu, Wurbo,And Daka. There are 77 distinct ethnic groups, and their languages in the State.
Adama ɓii Ardo Hassana, more commonly known as Modibbo Adama, was a Fulani scholar who hailed from the Yillaga (Yirlaɓe) clan. He led a jihad into the region of Fombina and established the emirate of Fombina, also known as Adamawa.
The Adamawa Emirate is a traditional state located in Fombina, an area which now roughly corresponds to areas of Adamawa State and Taraba state in Nigeria, and previously also in the three northern regions of Cameroon, including minor Parts of Chad and the Central African Republic.
The Kirdi are the many cultures and ethnic groups who inhabit northwestern Cameroon and northeastern Nigeria.
Cameroon is a Christian majority nation, with Islam being a minority faith practiced by around 20.2% of the total population as of 2020. Among Cameroonian Muslims, approximately 27% identify themselves as Sunni, 2% Ahmadi and 3% Shia, while the majority of the rest do not associate themselves with a particular group and sect.
Madagali or Madagli is a town and local government area in Adamawa State, Nigeria, adjacent to the border with Cameroon.
Girei is a town and local government area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. It lies on the Benue River. The dominant tribe in the area are the Fulɓe or Fulani; however, a substantial number of Bwatiye also dwell in villages such as Greng, Notable, and Labondo within the Girei local government area. The primary occupation of the people in the area is farming and cattle rearing. Girei is also a home to Radio Gotel.
Numan, also known as Nomweh, is a town and a Local Government Area in Adamawa State, Nigeria. It is a port town that lies on the confluence of Benue River and Gongola River.
Lau is a Local Government Area in Taraba State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Lau and the area is dominated by Hausa Fulani people. Lau Local government has a border with Ardo Kola, Jalingo, Yorro and Zing local governments of Taraba state. It also shares a border with Numan, Adamawa State.
Lala is an Adamawa language of Nigeria.
Yebu is one of the Savanna languages of Kaltungo LGA in Gombe State, northeastern Nigeria.
Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria are a series of disputes over arable land resources across Nigeria between the mostly-Muslim Fulani herders and the mostly-Christian non-Fulani farmers. The conflicts have been especially prominent in the Middle Belt since the return of democracy in 1999. More recently, they have deteriorated into attacks on farmers by Fulani herdsmen.
Anti-Fulani sentiment is the hostility that exists towards Fulani people in Nigeria, Mali and other West African nations and the discrimination that they are subjected to as a result of it. The Fulani are a semi-nomadic ethnic group that is dispersed across several West African countries.
In 2018, several massacres occurred in central Nigeria, supposedly by Fulani herdsmen gunmen. At least 50 were killed in all.
Adamawa Fulfulde is a variety of the Fula language. It is spoken mainly in Cameroon but also by significant communities residing in Nigeria, Chad, and Sudan by Fulani pastoralists across the Sahel. It is also known as Eastern Fulfulde and by various other names including Boulbe, Dzemay, Fula, Fulfulde, Mbororo, Palata, Peul etc.
References
- ↑ Blench, Robert. Traditional Livestock Breeds: Geographical Distribution and Dynamics in Relations to the Ecology of West Africa, Chapter 3 Archived October 13, 2007, at the Wayback Machine . Overseas Development Institute. (p 18)
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