African Agricultural Union

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The African Agricultural Union (French : Syndicat agricole africain, SAA) was the first quasi-political party in Côte d'Ivoire, led by Félix Houphouët-Boigny throughout its existence. It was established on 3 September 1944 by Houphouët-Boigny and the colonial administration.

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Félix Houphouët-Boigny doctor, Ivorian politician, first president of Côte dIvoire

Félix Houphouët-Boigny, affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux, was the first President of Ivory Coast, serving for more than three decades until his death. A tribal chief, he worked as a medical aide, union leader, and planter before being elected to the French Parliament. He served in several ministerial positions within the French government before leading Côte d'Ivoire following independence in 1960. Throughout his life, he played a significant role in politics and the decolonization of Africa.

Contents

History

Felix Houphouet-Boigny Houphouet-Boigny.jpg
Felix Houphouët-Boigny

The SAA was established on 3 September 1944 by Houphouët-Boigny and the colonial administration at an inaugural meeting in Abidjan. [1] Under his presidency, it brought together African farmers who were dissatisfied with their paychecks and worked to protect their interests against those of European settlers. [2] [3] Anti-colonialist and anti-racist, the organisation demanded better working conditions, higher wages, and the abolition of unfree labour. [1] The union quickly received the support of nearly 20,000 plantation workers. [1] Its success irritated the colonists to the extent that they took legal action against Houphouët. [4] However, the SAA increased his popularity as the voice of the Africans. [3]

Abidjan City and autonomous district in Côte dIvoire

Abidjan is the economic capital of Ivory Coast and one of the most populous French-speaking cities in Africa. According to the 2014 census, Abidjan's population was 4.7 million, which is 20 percent of the overall population of the country, and this also makes it the sixth most populous city proper in Africa, after Lagos, Cairo, Kinshasa, Dar es Salaam, and Johannesburg. A cultural crossroads of West Africa, Abidjan is characterised by a high level of industrialisation and urbanisation.

Anti-imperialism in political science and international relations is a term used in a variety of contexts, usually by nationalist movements who want to secede from a larger polity or as a specific theory opposed to capitalism in Marxist–Leninist discourse, derived from Vladimir Lenin's work Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism. A less common usage is by supporters of a non-interventionist foreign policy.

Anti-racism beliefs, actions, movements, and policies adopted or developed to oppose racism

Anti-racism includes beliefs, actions, movements, and policies adopted or developed to oppose racism.

When elected to the assemblée constituante on 4 November 1945, Houphouët-Boigny worked to implement the wishes of the SAA. He proposed a bill to abolish forced labour, the single most unpopular feature of French rule, [3] on 1 March 1946 which the Assembly adopted in 1947. [5] On 9 April 1946, [6] Houphouët-Boigny, with the help of the Groupes d'études communistes d'Abidjan , recreated the SAA as the Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire (PDCI), [7] the first effective party in Côte d'Ivoire [8] and the Ivorian section of the African Democratic Rally.

Communist Study Groups, was a communist group in colonial French West Africa/French Equatorial Africa. GEC was founded in 1943, under the influence of the French Communist Party. GEC formed branches in the capital cities of the West African territories. GEC was primarily based amongst intellectuals. It was led by Suret-Canale and Cauche.

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Ellenbogen, pp. 26–31.
  2. ↑ "Félix Houphouët-Boigny". Encyclopædia Universalis (in French). Paris: Encyclopædia Universalis. 1975.
  3. 1 2 3 Noble, Kenneth B. (1993-12-08). "Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Ivory Coast's Leader Since Freedom in 1960, Is Dead". The New York Times . Retrieved 2008-07-23.
  4. ↑ "Spécial Houphouet". Fraternité Matin (in French). Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
  5. ↑ "Biographies des députés de la IV République: Félix Houphouët-Boigny" (in French). National Assembly of France . Retrieved 2008-07-17.
  6. ↑ Toubabou, p. 60.
  7. ↑ Amin, Samir; Bernard Nantet (1999). "Côte-d'Ivoire". Encyclopædia Universalis (in French). Paris: Encyclopædia Universalis.
  8. ↑ "Felix Houphouët-Boigny". Encyclopedia of World Biography. Thomson Gale . Retrieved 2008-07-25.

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References

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