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Newspaper readership is the people who read or are thought to read a particular newspaper, [1] or newspapers in general. Ageing of newspaper readership means that the average age (however defined) of readers is increasing. This may or may not be accompanied by a decline in total readership numbers. However currently, in many regions, readership is both ageing and declining.
This may be because younger people are increasingly using other sources of news (e.g. online newspaper articles or other news websites, or free newspapers) or in some cases are not accessing news at all.
Canadian newspaper readership has decreased every year since 2007 and the revenue of Canada newspapers is slow.[ clarification needed ] [2] Canada's newspaper readership is also ageing, perhaps partly because the population of Canada as a whole is ageing. Though Canadians become more interested in reading newspapers as they age, this has less of an impact. [3]
The growth of newspaper market has stopped in 2007 and decline since 2008.[ where? ] [4] Newspaper circulation had declined 34% in 2009 compared to 2004.[ where? ] [4]
The U.S. population is ageing, but media consumers' speed of ageing is faster than the overall population (Economist) and this also applies to newspaper readership. Middle-age consumers are considered as the potential consumers[ clarification needed ][ vague ] rather than younger people. [5] Printed newspapers are being abandoned by the young more than by any other age group.
In demography, a cohort is a group of people with the same year (or group of adjacent years) of birth. Sometimes different cohorts have different characteristics; this is called a cohort effect. [6]
There may be a cohort effect for newspaper readership: [7] younger cohorts appear to read fewer newspapers than older cohort groups, [8] even though newspapers generally target a wide range of age groups. As time passes, older cohorts will die out and be replaced by younger cohorts, resulting in a decline in newspaper readership.
The internet is becoming one of the main resources for receiving information. [9] Online news readership is increasing as newspaper readership decreases, assisted by gadgets such as computers, cell phones and tablets. The Columbian Journalism Review found that "succeeding generations growing up with the Web lose the habit of reading print". [10] The marginal cost of accessing news on line is much less than buying newspapers. [11] Thus households with internet access are more likely to end newspaper subscriptions; [12] all the more in urban areas than the rural areas as (in some parts of the world) these have a more stable and high-speed broadband service. [12]
Newspapers are a key source of new political, economic and social information for public consumption. [13] If people do not keep up with the news, they are likely to be less aware of or concerned by local, national and international events. Thus political participation is likely to decline, as are civic awareness and democratic values. [8] Newspapers tend to cover the news in more detail than on-line and other sources; thus readers are more able to consider political issues than e.g. those who gain political information from TV. [8]
People with lower socio-economic status (SES) receive information slower than people with higher socio-economic status, [8] as on average they are less educated and may have less time to spend on reading information (they spend more time on working to maintain living quality), and can spend less on access to information. However there are many exceptions. Young consumers of the newspaper are people with lower socio-economic status[ dubious ], they read less, spend less time on reading newspaper and require smaller amount of information compared to the older consumers. [8] As the people with lower SES reduce time to read newspapers, their social/political knowledge will decrease as the same time which widened the knowledge gap between people with higher SES and lower SES. [8] People with lower SES tend to gain information from TV, but this tends to present information in a biased and/or dumbed-down way. [8] However so do many newspapers.
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: CS1 maint: url-status (link)Journalism is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and people that are the "news of the day" and that informs society to at least some degree of accuracy. The word, a noun, applies to the occupation, the methods of gathering information, and the organizing literary styles.
Print circulation is the average number of copies of a publication. The number of copies of a non-periodical publication are usually called print run. Circulation is not always the same as copies sold, often called paid circulation, since some issues are distributed without cost to the reader. Readership figures are usually higher than circulation figures because of the assumption that a typical copy is read by more than one person.
The knowledge gap hypothesis explains that knowledge, like other forms of wealth, is often differentially distributed throughout a social system. Specifically, the hypothesis predicts that "as the infusion of mass media information into a social system increases, segments of the population with higher socioeconomic status tend to acquire this information at a faster rate than the lower status segments, so that the gap in knowledge between these segments tends to increase rather than decrease". Phillip J. Tichenor, then Associate Professor of Journalism and Mass Communication, George A. Donohue, Professor of Sociology, and Clarice N. Olien, Instructor in Sociology – three University of Minnesota researchers – first proposed the knowledge gap hypothesis in 1970.
Population ageing is an increasing median age in a population because of declining fertility rates and rising life expectancy. Most countries have rising life expectancy and an ageing population, trends that emerged first in developed countries but are now seen in virtually all developing countries. That is the case for every country in the world except the 18 countries designated as "demographic outliers" by the United Nations. The aged population is currently at its highest level in human history. The UN predicts the rate of population ageing in the 21st century will exceed that of the previous century. The number of people aged 60 years and over has tripled since 1950 and reached 600 million in 2000 and surpassed 700 million in 2006. It is projected that the combined senior and geriatric population will reach 2.1 billion by 2050. Countries vary significantly in terms of the degree and pace of ageing, and the UN expects populations that began ageing later will have less time to adapt to its implications.
Penny press newspapers were cheap, tabloid-style newspapers mass-produced in the United States from the 1830s onwards. Mass production of inexpensive newspapers became possible following the shift from hand-crafted to steam-powered printing. Famous for costing one cent while other newspapers cost around six cents, penny press papers were revolutionary in making the news accessible to middle class citizens for a reasonable price.
The Australian Financial Review is an Australian business-focused, compact daily newspaper covering the current business and economic affairs of Australia and the world. The newspaper is based in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; owned by Nine Entertainment and has been published continuously since its founding in 1951. The AFR, along with the rest of Fairfax Media, was sold to Nine Entertainment for more than A$2.3 billion. The AFR is published in tabloid format six times a week, whilst providing 24/7 online coverage through its website. In November 2019, the AFR reached 2.647 million Australians through both print and digital mediums (Mumbrella).
In journalism, local news refers to coverage of events, by the news, in a local context that would not be an interest of another locality, or otherwise be of national or international scope. Local news, in contrast to national or international news, caters to the news of their regional and local communities; they focus on more localized issues and events. Some key features of local newsrooms includes regional politics, weather, business, and human interest stories. Local news readership has been declining in recent years, according to a recent study. And as more and more television consumers tap into streamed programming, local news viewership is beginning to decline. Nikki Usher, an associate professor at the College of Media at the University of Illinois, argued in The Complicated Future of Local News that "critical and comprehensive local news is a recent invention, not a core element of the history of American democracy.”
An online newspaper is the online version of a newspaper, either as a stand-alone publication or as the online version of a printed periodical.
A paywall is a method of restricting access to content, with a purchase or a paid subscription, especially news. Beginning in the mid-2010s, newspapers started implementing paywalls on their websites as a way to increase revenue after years of decline in paid print readership and advertising revenue, partly due to the use of ad blockers. In academics, research papers are often subject to a paywall and are available via academic libraries that subscribe.
The Sunshine Coast Daily is an online newspaper specifically serving the Sunshine Coast region of Queensland, Australia. It is owned by News Corp Australia. It was originally founded as a print newspaper, however since 2020 the publication is only available in digital forms.
The decline of newspapers is an example and means of which to understand and observe the changing values of a culture. Whether newspapers are declining in popularity is region dependent. Data supports that in the U.S and Europe popularity and sales are wavering. In these regions, industry is facing slumping ad sales, the loss of much classified advertising, and precipitous drops in circulation. America saw the loss of an average of two newspapers per week between late 2019 and May 2022, leaving an estimated 70 million people in places that are already news deserts and areas that are in high risk of becoming so. Prior to that steep decline, newspapers' weekday circulation had fallen 7% and Sunday circulation 4% in the United States, their greatest declines since 2010. If the trend continues, a third of newspapers will be lost by 2025, according to the 2022 study published by Northwestern University. To survive, newspapers are considering combining and other options, although the outcome of such partnerships has been criticized. Despite these problems, newspaper companies with significant brand value and which have published their work online have had a significant rise in viewership.
A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background.
"Journalism and Freedom" was an article by Rupert Murdoch that appeared in The Wall Street Journal's online Opinion Journal on 8 December 2009.
Canadian online media is content aimed at a Canadian audience through the medium of the Internet. Presently, online media can be accessed by computers, smart-phones, gaming consoles, Smart TVs, MP3 players, and tablets. The characteristics of Canadian online media are strongly shaped by the Canadian communications industry, even though their statistics and findings are more often than not associated with American research. Large media companies are increasingly on the move to start up online platforms for news and television content. The exponential growth of Canadians' dependency on online content for entertainment and information has been evident in the recent decades. However, it has proven slow for Canadian online media to catch up with the constant increase of American online media. Regardless of medium, entertainment and information hubs are not solely focusing on satisfying the audience they have, but are also heavily expanding their reach to new global audiences.
The term mass media refers to any means or technology used to communicate a message to large groups of people. Popular forms of mass media include television, the Internet, and newspapers. Mass media are specifically intended to reach larger audiences. The term is often divided into two broad categories: that of electronic mass media and that of print mass media. Electronic mass media require their audiences to interact with electronics in order to receive the message. They attempt to recreate or represent a message through moving pictures and/or sound. Four common examples of electronic media used in Canadian society are television, radio, films, and the Internet. Print mass media, on the other hand, refers to any media that is distributed to audiences in a printed form, on paper. Examples of this include newspapers, printed books, and magazines.
Voter turnout in Canada is lowest for young voters. A general decline in electoral participation among the under-35 population has been observed in many democratic countries around the world, especially in Canada. "The youngest age cohort did experience a bump upwards in estimated voter turnout from 37% in the 2004 federal general election to 43.8% for the election that followed, before descending to 37.4% for the 2008 federal general election." Participation in provincial elections for youth aged 18 to 24 was 28% in 2001. However, in the 2005 provincial election, the turnout in this age group increased to 35%. In 2015 youth participation reached a record high at 57.1%. Evidently, low voter turnout of young Canadians has generated a great deal of concern.
Newspapers have played a major role in French politics, economy and society since the 17th century.
The history of Russian journalism covers writing for newspapers, magazines, and electronic media since the 18th century. The main themes are low levels of literacy, censorship and government control, and the emphasis on politics and political propaganda in the media.
Social media as a news source is the use of online social media platforms rather than moreover traditional media platforms to obtain news. Just as television turned a nation of people who listened to media content into watchers of media content in the 1950s to the 1980s, the emergence of social media has created a nation of media content creators. Almost half of Americans use social media as a news source, according to the Pew Research Center.