Type | Daily newspaper |
---|---|
Founder(s) | Ali Yusuf |
Founded | 1889 |
Language | Arabic |
Ceased publication | 1900 |
Headquarters | Cairo |
Country | Egypt |
Al-Mu'ayyad (Arabic: The Supporter) was an Arabic daily newspaper published in Egypt in the period 1889 to 1900. It was one of the influential dailies of that period in Egypt. [1]
Al-Mu'ayyad was launched by Ali Yusuf in 1889. [2] [3] He also edited the paper. [1] [4] Al-Mu'ayyad was considered to be an anti-imperialist and pan-Islamic publication and received covert funding from Khedive Abbas Hilmi. [5] [6] It frequently published articles praising the Khedive emphasizing his closeness to his subjects. [7] The paper was one of the Egyptian publications which advocated Jamal al-Din al-Afghani's ijtihad view. [8]
As of 1897 the paper had nearly six thousands subscribers like Al-Ahram and Al Muqattam . [9] There was a heated debate between Al-Mu'ayyad and Al Muqattam during the British occupation of Egypt between 1892 and 1914 in that the latter was an ardent supporter of the British and Al-Mu'ayyad a militant supporter of the independence of Egypt. [9]
One of the most significant contributors of Al-Mu'ayyad was Mustafa Kamil Pasha. [10] The paper was closed down by the British authorities in 1900. [10] Following this incident Mustafa Kamil Pasha established his own newspaper, Al Liwa , to publish his views. [10]
Al-Mu'ayyad returned as a weekly, published until 1914. [11]
Abbas Helmy II was the last Khedive of Egypt and the Sudan, ruling from 8 January 1892 to 19 December 1914. In 1914, after the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers in World War I, the nationalist Khedive was removed by the British, then ruling Egypt, in favour of his more pro-British uncle, Hussein Kamel, marking the de jure end of Egypt's four-century era as a province of the Ottoman Empire, which had begun in 1517.
Cairo University is Egypt's premier public university. Its main campus is in Giza, immediately across the Nile from Cairo. It was founded on 21 December 1908; after being housed in various parts of Cairo, its faculties, beginning with the Faculty of Arts, were established on its current main campus in Giza in October 1929.
Mustafa Fazıl Pasha was an Ottoman-Egyptian prince of ethnic Albanian descent belonging to the Muhammad Ali Dynasty founded by his grandfather Muhammad Ali Pasha.
Muḥammad ʿAbduh was an Egyptian Islamic scholar, judge, and Grand Mufti of Egypt. He was a central figure of the Arab Nahḍa and Islamic Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Mustafa Kamil Pasha was an Egyptian lawyer, journalist, and nationalist activist.
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Yaqub Sanu, also known by his pen name "Abu Naddara", was an Egyptian Jewish journalist, nationalist activist and playwright. He was also a polyglot, writing in French, English, Turkish, Persian, Hebrew, and Italian as well as both Standard Arabic and Egyptian Arabic.
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The Khedivate of Egypt was an autonomous tributary state of the Ottoman Empire, established and ruled by the Muhammad Ali Dynasty following the defeat and expulsion of Napoleon Bonaparte's forces which brought an end to the short-lived French occupation of Lower Egypt. The Khedivate of Egypt had also expanded to control present-day Sudan, South Sudan, Eritrea, Djibouti, northwestern Somalia, northeastern Ethiopia, Lebanon, Jordan, Syria, Greece, Cyprus, southern and central Turkey, in addition to parts from Libya, Chad, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Uganda, as well as northwestern Saudi Arabia, parts of Yemen and the Kingdom of Hejaz.
Pasha was a high rank in the Ottoman political and military system, typically granted to governors, generals, dignitaries, and others. Pasha was also one of the highest titles in the 20th-century Kingdom of Egypt and it was also used in Morocco in the 20th century, where it denoted a regional official or governor of a district.
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