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References
- 1 2 Pellat, Ch (2012-04-24), "Ibrāhīm b. al-Sindī", Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Brill, doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_sim_3444 , retrieved 2023-11-30
- ↑ Ess 2017, p.102: Al-Sindī was the Abbasids’ confidant, apparently a former slaver from Punjab who had risen to high status..
- 1 2 Crone 1980, p. 194.
- ↑ Cobb 2001, p. 33, 85.
- 1 2 3 Crone 1980, p. 195.
- ↑ Cobb 2001, p. 137.
- ↑ al-Jawzī, Abū al-Faraj ʻAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʻAlī Ibn (2016-10-04). The Life of Ibn Ḥanbal. NYU Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-4798-0530-3.
- ↑ al-Tabari 2015, p. 89.
- ↑ Kohlberg 2012.
- ↑ Madelung 2002, p. 243.
- ↑ Ess 2017, p. 102.
- ↑ Ess 2017, p. 101–102.
- ↑ Kennedy 2016, p. 128.
- ↑ MacLean 1989, p. 281.
- 1 2 Ess 2017, p. 71.
- ↑ MacLean 1989, p. 407.
- ↑ "On a Miswak by Kushajim – Y'alla". University Blog Service.
- ↑ Pellat, Ch (2012-04-24), "Kus̲h̲ād̲j̲im", Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Brill, doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_sim_4561 , retrieved 2023-11-30
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