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Albert Katzenellenbogen (born January 15, 1863, in Krotoschin; died after August 1942, murdered near Minsk) was an important German legal advisor in banking and industry who was murdered in the Holocaust because of his Jewish heritage.
Katzenellenbogen came from an influential German Jewish family [1] whose origins are traced by American genealogist Neil Rosenstein as far back as the 15th century to Rabbi Meir Katzenellenbogen. [2] He was married to Cornelia Josephine (Nelly) née Doctor. Since 1912 the couple lived in Königstein im Taunus in the "Oelmühlweg", where Albert Ullmann and Oskar Kohnstamm also lived as neighbors under the same address.
A lawyer by training, he was admitted to the bar in Frankfurt am Main in October 1891, and in July 1912 he was appointed a judicial councilor. [3]
Katzenellenbogen served on the executive boards of banks, textile companies and chemical corporations in various German cities. He was chairman of the board of Mitteldeutsche Creditbank (Commerz- und Privat-Bank in Frankfurt), among others. In 1895 he became the bank's general counsel, in 1897 a member of the board of directors, and in 1903 a member of the board of management. [1] After Commerzbank was founded, Katzenellenbogen was a member of its Board of Managing Directors from 1929 to 1930 and then of its supervisory board until 1937. One year before the bank was Aryanized, almost two thirds (64.5%) of Frankfurt bank mandates were approved by Jewish members of the supervisory board in which Katzenellenbogen was prominent. [4]
When the Nazis came to power in Germany in 1933, Katzenellenbogen was persecuted due to his Jewish heritage. He was forced out of his profession and positions, obliged to renounce his admission to the bar in October 1935. [3] The property of the Katzenellenbogen family was Aryanized in 1940. [5] [6]
His wife died on April 19 as a result of a stroke. Katzenellenbogen was deported from Frankfurt am Main to the Theresienstadt ghetto on August 18, 1942, and died in the Maly Trostinez Nazi extermination camp on August 25, 1942, on transport "Bc-942. [7]
Katzenellenbogen's children were Grete Helene, Marta Sofie (1897-1984) and Adolf Katzenellenbogen (1901-1964). Adolf emigrated from Nazi Germany to America in 1939 and became the chairman of the department of fine arts at Johns Hopkins University. [8] [9] Grete Helene (1893-1944), [10] daughter-in-law of Otto Berndt, did not escape and died as a forced laborer in Frankfurt am Main on March 22, 1944. The family grave is located in the main cemetery in Frankfurt. Among Katzenellenbogen's grandchildren is American professor of chemistry John Katzenellenbogen.
Joachim Clemens Fest was a German historian, journalist, critic and editor who was best known for his writings and public commentary on Nazi Germany, including a biography of Adolf Hitler and books about Albert Speer and German resistance to Nazism. He was a leading figure in the debate among German historians about the Nazi era. In recent years his writings have earned both praise and strong criticism.
Dresdner Bank AG was a German bank and was based in Frankfurt. It was one of Germany's largest banking corporations and was acquired by competitor Commerzbank in May 2009.
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Königstein im Taunus is a health spa and lies on the thickly wooded slopes of the Taunus in Hesse, Germany. The town is part of the Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area. Owing to its advantageous location for both scenery and transport on the edge of the Frankfurt Rhine Main Region, Königstein is a favourite residential town. Neighbouring places are Kronberg im Taunus, Glashütten, Schwalbach am Taunus, Bad Soden am Taunus and Kelkheim.
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Georg Karg was a German businessman in the department store industry. After rising in the employ of the Hermann Tietz Department Stores, Karg took over the company when it was Aryanized, that is forcibly transferred to non-Jewish owners under the Nazis. After the Jewish owners were forced out, Karg was appointed managing director, running the stores under the name Hertie.
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Ludwig Katzenellenbogen gehörte zu den einflussreichsten Männern der deutschen Wirtschaft. Er saß in mehreren Aufsichtsräten von Industrieunternehmen und Banken. Seinen Einfluss verwirklichte er über ein Netzwerk familiärer und geschäftlicher Art. Max Katzenellenbogen übte Leitungsfunktionen innerhalb des Konzerns aus, Ludwigs Vetter Albert war Vorstandsmitglied der Mitteldeutschen Creditbank. Nach deren Übernahme durch die Commerzbank wechselte Albert Katzenellenbogen in deren Aufsichtsrat. Auch mit den Unternehmerfamilien Landau und Sobernheim stand Ludwig Katzenellenbogen sowohl verwandtschaftlich als auch geschäftlich in enger Verbindung.
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