The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings. Drafted by a UN committee chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt,it was accepted by the General Assembly as Resolution 217 during its third session on 10 December 1948 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris,France. Of the 58 members of the United Nations at the time,48 voted in favour,none against,eight abstained,and two did not vote.
The Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation (WHINSEC),formerly known as the School of the Americas,is a United States Department of Defense school located at Fort Moore in Columbus,Georgia,renamed in the 2001 National Defense Authorization Act.
Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda was a Paraguayan army officer,politician and dictator who served as President of Paraguay from 15 August 1954 to 3 February 1989.
Manfred Nowak is an Austrian human rights lawyer,who served as the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture from 2004 to 2010. He is Secretary General of the European Inter-University Center for Human Rights and Democratisation (EIUC) in Venice,Italy;Professor of International Human Rights and Scientific Director of the Vienna Master of Arts in Human Rights and the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Human Rights and a former judge at the Human Rights Chamber for Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2016,he was appointed Independent Expert leading the United Nations Global Study on Children Deprived of Liberty.
The relationship between Colombia and the United States evolved from a mutual cordiality during the 19th and early 20th centuries to a recent partnership that links the governments of both nations around several key issues;this includes fighting communism,the War on Drugs,and the threat of terrorism due to the September 11 attacks in 2001. During the last fifty years,different American governments and their representatives have become involved in Colombian affairs through the implementation of policies concerned with the issues already stated. Some critics of current US policies in Colombia,such as Law Professor John Barry,claim that US influences have catalyzed internal conflicts and substantially expanded the scope and nature of human rights abuses in Colombia. Supporters,such as Under Secretary of State Marc Grossman,defend the idea that the United States has promoted respect for human rights and the rule of law in Colombia;in addition,adding to the fight against drugs and terrorism.
Bertrand G. Ramcharan of Guyana,a former United Nations official who once held functional diplomatic status,was from 2011 to 2015 President of UPR Info,an NGO working to promote and strengthen the Universal Periodic Review. He is also former chancellor of the University of Guyana,Senior Fellow at the Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies and currently visiting professor of international law in Lund University,Sweden. Dr. Ramcharan is the first holder of the HEI Swiss Chair of Human Rights at the Geneva Graduate Institute of International Studies. He has a doctorate from the London School of Economics and is a barrister of Lincoln's Inn.
John Gerard Ruggie was the Berthold Beitz Research Professor in Human Rights and International Affairs at Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University and an affiliated professor in international legal studies at Harvard Law School.
Martín Almada is a lawyer,writer and educationalist from Paraguay. A noted dissident and human rights activist,he was a prisoner of the Alfredo Stroessner regime. He is notable for uncovering the Archives of Terror.
Charles Habib Malik was a Lebanese academic,diplomat,philosopher,and politician. He served as the Lebanese representative to the United Nations,the President of the Commission on Human Rights and the United Nations General Assembly,a member of the Lebanese Cabinet,the head of the Ministry of Culture and Higher Education and of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Emigration,as well as being a theologian. He participated in the drafting of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Clara González (1898–1990) was a Panamanian feminist,lawyer,judge,and activist. She became the first Panamanian woman to earn her Bachelor of Law Degree in 1922. In 1922,she created the Partido Nacional Feminista to campaign for women's rights and suffrage. González was central to the work of the Inter-American Commission on Women,collaborating with activists from Latin America and the United States to study the condition of women across the Americas and to recommend reforms. González remained a vital organizer for women's rights in Panama for decades and ran for political office after Panamanian women were granted voting rights in 1945. She later became the first Panamanian woman to serve as a juvenile court judge,where she assisted in drafting the Panamanian juvenile code.
Manouchehr Ganji is a human rights activist and a former Minister of Education of Iran from 1976 until 1979.
David Henry Popper was a diplomat and former United States Ambassador to Cyprus (1969–73) and Chile (1974–77). He was a member and former President of the American Academy of Diplomacy.
Rodrigo Alberto Carazo Zeledón is a Costa Rican politician,economist,lawyer and political scientist who was elected in June 2022 to a four-year term as a member of the UN Human Rights Committee by the state parties to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. He was Costa Rica's representative to the United Nations from 2018 to 2022,having presented his credentials the 31st of August 2018. He was the first Ombudsman of the Republic of Costa Rica and a former delegate to the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica who served in that capacity during the Pacheco administration. He was president of the Partido Acción Ciudadana.
Alfredo Hoyos may refer to:
JoséHerbin Hoyos Medina was a Colombian journalist and broadcaster who was in exile in Spain after receiving death threats from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). He had a radio program called Las voces del secuestro which began in 1994. He was inspired by his own experience of being kidnapped by the FARC for 17 days. In 2008 he received the Premier Ondas. Exiled in October 2009,he continued his program using the studios of Cadena SER.
The Panama Canal Museum is a non-profit and public museum located in Panama City,Panama. Established in 1997,the museum is devoted to the history of the construction of the Panama Canal in its various stages,including the first French construction attempt,the later construction by the United States,and the eventual transfer to Panamanian control. The current building dates from 1874 and served originally as the headquarters of both the French and U.S. companies engaged in the construction of the canal. It is located in the city's old quarter.
Esther Neira de Calvo (1890–1978) was a prominent educator,feminist and women's right advocate. She was the first woman elected as a National Deputy to the Third Constituent Assembly in Panama. She was the founder and president of the National Society for the Advancement of Women and of the Women's Patriotic League,and actively worked for Panamanian women's enfranchisement,finally attained in 1945–46. She served as Executive Secretary of the Inter American Commission of Women from 1949 to 1965 and was Panama's Ambassador to the Council of the Organization of American States from 1966 to 1968.
Sara Sotillo Guillén was a Panamanian educator,feminist,and founder of the National Feminist Party of Panama.
Marta Matamoros (1909–2005) was one of the labor leaders of Panama. In Panamanian history,she is known as a shoemaker,seamstress,trade unionist,communist and nationalist leader and is "synonymous with organized labor" in the Panamanian psyche. She is known for leading strikes in the 1940s which resulted in workers gaining maternity leave with pay and job security while they were on leave. In 1951,she became the first woman general secretary of the Trade Union Federation of Workers of Panama. "The Hunger and Desperation March" Matamoros led in 1959,resulted in the first minimum wage law in Panama. After she joined the Communist movement of Panama,she became the subject of investigations,though it did not stop her from protesting U.S. involvement in Panamanian affairs. In 1994,she was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of Omar Torrijos Herrera and in 2006,a meritorious order was named in her honor,the Order of Marta Matamoros to recognize those who have promoted gender equality in Panama.
Alfredo Romero Mendoza is a Venezuelan lawyer,human rights activist and executive director of the non-governmental organization Foro Penal. He received the Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award in 2017.
