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Bishkek, formerly Pishpek and Frunze, is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek is also the administrative centre of the Chüy Region. The region surrounds the city, although the city itself is not part of the region but rather a region-level unit of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek is situated near the border with Kazakhstan and has a population of 1,074,075, as of 2021. Bishkek is the primate city of Kyrgyzstan—it is the sole metropolis in the country, and about 17% of all inhabitants of the country live in Bishkek's metropolitan area.
The history of the Kyrgyz people and the land now called Kyrgyzstan goes back more than 3,000 years. Although geographically isolated by its mountainous location, it had an important role as part of the historical Silk Road trade route. Turkic nomads, who trace their ancestry to many Turkic states such as the First and Second Turkic Khaganates, have inhabited the country throughout its history. In the 13th century, Kyrgyzstan was conquered by the Mongols; subsequently it regained independence but was invaded by Kalmyks, Manchus, and Uzbeks. In 1876, it became part of the Russian Empire, remaining in the USSR as the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic after the Russian Revolution. Following Mikhael Gorbachev's democratic reforms in the USSR, in 1990 pro-independence candidate Askar Akayev was elected president of the SSR. On 31 August 1991, Kyrgyzstan declared independence from Moscow, and a democratic government was subsequently established.
The Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic is the national military of Kyrgyzstan. It was originally formed from the former Soviet forces of the Turkestan Military District stationed in newly independent Kyrgyzstan. It consists of the Ground Forces, the Air Force and the National Guard. Affiliated security forces to the armed forces included the Internal Troops, the State Committee for National Security and the Border Troops.
Kyrgyzstan, officially the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia, lying in the Tian Shan and Pamir mountain ranges. Bishkek is the capital and largest city of the country. Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and China to the east and southeast. Ethnic Kyrgyz make up the majority of the country's 7 million people, followed by significant minorities of Uzbeks and Russians.
Kurmanbek Saliyevich Bakiyev is a Kyrgyz politician who served as the second president of Kyrgyzstan, from 2005 to 2010. Large opposition protests in April 2010 led to the takeover of government offices, forcing Bakiyev to flee the country.
Human rights in Kyrgyzstan improved after the ouster of President Askar Akayev in the 2005 Tulip Revolution and the installment of a more democratic government under Roza Otunbayeva. While the country is performing well compared to other states in Central Asia, many human rights violations still take place. While LGBT rights have been declining in recent years, freedom of press has been improving.
Football Club Dordoi Bishkek is a Kyrgyz professional football club based in Bishkek, that competes in the Kyrgyz Premier League. Founded in 1997, the club is owned by "Dordoi" Association, the group of companies that also own Dordoi Bazaar in Bishkek.
The mass media in Kyrgyzstan experience greater freedom compared to neighbouring countries in the region, and the constitution guarantees freedom of the press and prohibits censorship. However, the media are still restricted by the government. The OSCE issued a report on the ethical standards in print and online media of Kyrgyzstan.
Mirlan Abdraimovich Murzayev is a Kyrgyz professional footballer who plays as a forward for Kyrgyz Premier League club Dordoi Bishkek and the Kyrgyzstan national team.
Kyrgyzstan Women's League is the top division of women's football in Kyrgyzstan. The league is organized by the Football Federation of Kyrgyz Republic and was established in 2005. Before 1991, some Kyrgyz women's clubs had competed in the Soviet Union women's league system, but after the collapse of the Soviet Union most women's teams left for Russia or simply dissolved.
David Bruce Tetteh is a Ghanaian-born former Kyrgyz international footballer who is currently a coach for Dordoi Bishkek.
Alexander Sergeyevich Krestinin is a Russian professional football manager and a former player who is the manager of Uzbekistani club Bunyodkor. He is the former manager of Kyrgyzstan national team.
Sooronbay Sharip uulu Jeenbekov is a Kyrgyz politician who served as the 5th President of Kyrgyzstan from 2017 until his resignation in 2020, following a week of protests. Prior to that he served as the Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan from April 2016 to August 2017.
On 30 August 2016, a car rammed through the gates of the Chinese Embassy in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and exploded. The driver of the car was killed; three embassy employees were injured.
The 2020 Kyrgyz Revolution, also known as the Third Kyrgyz Revolution, began on 5 October 2020, in response to the previous day's parliamentary election that was perceived by protestors as unfair, with allegations of vote rigging. The results of the election were annulled on 6 October 2020. On 12 October 2020, President Jeenbekov announced a state of emergency in the capital city of Bishkek, which was approved by Parliament the following day. Jeenbekov resigned on 15 October 2020.
Gulsaira Momunova, in Kyrgyz: Гүлсайра Момунова was a Kyrgyz journalist, translator and poet. In 2011, she was given the title 'People's Poet of Kyrgyzstan'.
Gulnaz Zhuzbaeva is a disability rights activist from Kyrgyzstan. She was presented with one the BBC's 100 Women awards in 2020. Formerly head of the Kyrgyz Federation of the Blind, Zhuzbaeva worked as a Braille translator in 2021. She also provides training for people who are visually impaired, as well as their employers. She is also a co-director of the non-governmental organisation Empower Blind People. She has previously studied at the Louisiana Center for the Blind. Public speaking engagements have included: a TEDx talk in Bishkek in 2021; for the United Nations on International Women's Day in 2019, amongst others.
Kyrgyzstan competed at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China, from 4 to 20 February 2022.
This is a list of individuals and events related to Kyrgyzstan in 2022.
A series of sporadic border clashes resumed between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 27 January 2022, following a series of clashes in 2021 between the two countries. These events took place before and during Russia's invasion of Ukraine that began a month before the second clashes.
References
- ↑ Alina Anisimova (27 November 2018). The women launching Kyrgyzstan's first satellite (News Production) (in Russian). Bishkek: BBC. Event occurs at 0.12. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ↑ "Kyrgyz Satellite team visit University of Bath". University of Bath. University of Bath Communication. 20 September 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- 1 2 Marchaud, Clara (10 September 2019). "Meet the pioneers running the Kyrgyzstan' all-women space agency". Calvert Journal. Calvert 22 Foundation. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ↑ Taylor, Lin (6 November 2018). "Sky's not the limit: young women build Kyrgyzstan's first satellite". Reuters. Thomson Reuters Foundation. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ↑ "BBC 100 Women 2018: Who is on the list?". BBC News. BBC. 19 November 2018. Number 8. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ↑ Кудаяров, Борубек (19 November 2018). "18-летняя Алина Анисимова из Кыргызстана вошла в топ-100 женщин года по версии Би-би-си" (in Russian). Общество. Kaktus Media. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ↑ "Important announcement from KSP". Patreon Posts. Kyrgyz Space Program. 21 July 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
- 1 2 3 4 McNeish, Hannah (13 May 2019). "Women in Kyrgyzstan are fighting sexism by joining the space race". Wired. Condé Nast Britain. Retrieved 16 January 2022.