Alluwamna | |
|---|---|
| Predecessor | Tahurwaili [1] or Telipinu [2] |
| Successor | Hantili II |
| Spouse | Harapšeki |
| Children | Hantili II [3] |
Alluwamna was a king of the Hittites (Middle Kingdom) in the 15th century BC. He might be a successor of Telipinu as his son-in-law, [4] [5] after the reign of Tahurwaili. [1]
Alluwamna married Harapšeki, daughter of Telipinu. Their son was Hantili II.
Alluwamna's reign is attested by a seal (SBo I.86) named the Tabarna seal. As a son-in-law of Telepinu (married to his first-rank daughter Harapšeki), Alluwamna would have been first in line for the throne. However, Telepinu banished him and his wife to Malitashkur [5] (see KUB 26:77), and so it is possible that he did not come to the throne right after Telepinu's death, but rather after the reign of Tahurwaili, first cousin of Telipinu [1] One text of Alluwamna records the granting of land to his son and likely successor Hantili II. [6]
The Hittites were an Anatolian Indo-European people who formed one of the first major civilizations of Bronze Age West Asia. Possibly originating from beyond the Black Sea, they settled in modern day Turkey in the early 2nd millennium BC. The Hittites formed a series of polities in north-central Anatolia, including the kingdom of Kussara, the Kanesh or Nesha kingdom, and an empire centered on Hattusa. Known in modern times as the Hittite Empire, it reached its peak during the mid-14th century BC under Šuppiluliuma I, when it encompassed most of Anatolia and parts of the northern Levant and Upper Mesopotamia.
The New Kingdom, also referred to as the Egyptian Empire, was the ancient Egyptian nation between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC. This period of ancient Egyptian history covers the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties. Through radiocarbon dating, the establishment of the New Kingdom has been placed between 1570 BC and 1544 BC. The New Kingdom followed the Second Intermediate Period and was succeeded by the Third Intermediate Period. It was the most prosperous time for the Egyptian people and marked the peak of Egypt's power.
Suppiluliuma I or Suppiluliumas I was king of the ancient Hittite kingdom. He garnered recognition within the Hittite kingdom as a great warrior and statesman, notable for successfully challenging the then-dominant Egyptian Empire for control of the lands between the Mediterranean and the Euphrates river. He rose to the throne by overthrowing the kingship of his older brother, Tudhaliya III.
Mursili I was a king of the Hittites c. 1620-1590 BC, as per the middle chronology, the most accepted chronology in our times, and was likely a grandson of his predecessor, Hattusili I. His sister was Ḫarapšili and his wife was queen Kali.
Tudḫaliya I was a Hittite great king in the 15th century BC, ruling perhaps c. 1465–c. 1440 BC
Tudḫaliya II was a Hittite great king in the late 15th/early 14th century BC, ruling in perhaps c. 1425–c. 1390 BC. He was the father-in-law and predecessor of Arnuwanda I.
Samsu-ditāna, inscribed phonetically in cuneiform sa-am-su-di-ta-na in the seals of his servants, the 11th and last king of the Amorite or First Dynasty of Babylon, reigned for 31 years, 1625 – 1595 BC or 1562 – 1531 BC. His reign is best known for its demise with the sudden fall of Babylon at the hands of the Hittites.
Ammuna was a King of the Hittites ca. 1550–1530 BC or 1486–1466 BC. The land seems to have suffered badly during his reign, and he lost a considerable amount of territory.
Telipinu was the last king of the Hittites Old Kingdom, reigning c. 1525–1500 BC in middle chronology. At the beginning of his reign, the Hittite Empire had contracted to its core territories, having long since lost all of its conquests, made in the former era under Hattusili I and Mursili I – to Arzawa in the West, Mitanni in the East, the Kaskians in the North, and Kizzuwatna in the South.
Tudḫaliya III was a Hittite great king in Anatolia during the Late Bronze in the 14th century BC, in c. 1380–1350 BC.. He was the son and successor of Arnuwanda I and the predecessor, father-in-law, and adoptive father of Šuppiluliuma I.
Hantili I was a king of the Hittites during the Hittite Old Kingdom. His reign lasted for 30 years, from c. 1590 to c. 1560 BC.
Zidanta I was a king of the Hittites, ruling for 10 years, ca. 1560–1550 BC or 1496–1486 BC. According to the Telepinu Proclamation, this king became a ruler by murder.
Huzziya I was a king of the Hittites, ruling for 5 years, ca. 1530–1525 BC or 1466–1461 BC.
Ammittamru II was a king of the ancient Syrian city of Ugarit who ruled from 1260 to 1235 BC. He reigned for 25 years, being the son of former king Niqmepa, who was famously forced to sign a treaty of vassalization to the Hittites.
Tahurwaili was a king of the Hittites, c. early 15th century BC or mid 15th century BC. He was a cousin of the King Telipinu.
Hantili II was a king in the Hittite Middle Kingdom, during the Late Bronze in the 15th century BC.
Ḫarapšili was a Hittite queen during the Old Kingdom of Hittites.
Telipinu Proclamation is a Hittite edict, written during the reign of King Telipinu, c. 1525-1500 BCE. The text is classified as CTH 19 in the Catalogue of Hittite Texts.
The Yamhad dynasty was an ancient Amorite royal family founded in c. 1810 BC by Sumu-Epuh of Yamhad who had his capital in the city of Aleppo. Started as a local dynasty, the family expanded its influence through the actions of its energetic ruler Yarim-Lim I who turned it into the most influential family in the Levant through both diplomatic and military tools. At its height the dynasty controlled most of northern Syria and the modern Turkish province of Hatay with a cadet branch ruling in the city of Alalakh.
Tudḫaliya the Younger, was a son of the Hittite great king Tudḫaliya III, who was murdered by Šuppiluliuma I in c. 1350 BC. It is uncertain and perhaps doubtful that Tudḫaliya the Younger reigned as great king of Ḫatti.
