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Digital Equipment Corporation, using the trademark Digital, was a major American company in the computer industry from the 1960s to the 1990s. The company was co-founded by Ken Olsen and Harlan Anderson in 1957. Olsen was president until he was forced to resign in 1992, after the company had gone into precipitous decline.
A graphical user interface, or GUI, is a form of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation. In many applications, GUIs are used instead of text-based UIs, which are based on typed command labels or text navigation. GUIs were introduced in reaction to the perceived steep learning curve of command-line interfaces (CLIs), which require commands to be typed on a computer keyboard.
The history of the graphical user interface, understood as the use of graphic icons and a pointing device to control a computer, covers a five-decade span of incremental refinements, built on some constant core principles. Several vendors have created their own windowing systems based on independent code, but with basic elements in common that define the WIMP "window, icon, menu and pointing device" paradigm.
In computer networking, a thin client is a simple (low-performance) computer that has been optimized for establishing a remote connection with a server-based computing environment. They are sometimes known as network computers, or in their simplest form as zero clients. The server does most of the work, which can include launching software programs, performing calculations, and storing data. This contrasts with a rich client or a conventional personal computer; the former is also intended for working in a client–server model but has significant local processing power, while the latter aims to perform its function mostly locally.
The X Window System is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on Unix-like operating systems.
OpenStep is an object-oriented application programming interface (API) specification developed by NeXT. It provides a framework for building graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and developing software applications. OpenStep was designed to be platform-independent, allowing developers to write code that could run on multiple operating systems, including NeXTSTEP, Windows NT, and various Unix-based systems. It has influenced the development of other GUI frameworks, such as Cocoa for macOS and GNUstep.
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ND-NOTIS was a office automation suite by Norsk Data introduced in the early 80s, running on the SINTRAN III platform on both ND-100 and ND-500 architectures. It was also available on Microsoft Windows running in networks of Norsk Data servers.
The Common Open Software Environment (COSE) was an initiative formed in March 1993 by the major Unix vendors of the time to create open, unified operating system (OS) standards.
NetManage Inc. was a software company based in Cupertino, California, founded in 1990 by Zvi Alon, an Israeli engineer. The company's development centre was located at the MATAM technology park, in Haifa, Israel. In June 2008 the company was acquired by Micro Focus International, a British company based in Newbury, Berkshire.
References
- 1 2 3 Richard Shuford (ed.). ""Alphawindows" -- a windowing setup for character-cell video terminals". Archived from the original on 2008-10-07. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
- ↑ Information Technology Standards Guidance — User Interface Services. Vol. 3 of 14. U. S. Department of Defense. April 7, 1997.
- 1 2 "First AlphaWindows Character-Based Terminals Set For To Appear in May, At From $600..." CBRonline.com. 1992-02-14.
- ↑ New Products (July–August 1992). "Cumulus Technology Announces Support for New AlphaWindow Standard". Sys Admin Magazine. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
- 1 2 "Microvitec First Past Post in Europe with AlphaWindows Terminals; IBM OEM Pact in Prospect..." CBRonline.com. 1992-08-12.
- ↑ Brad Myers (March 1995). "User Interface Software Tools".
- ↑ "Cumulus Technology Wins Contract from Unisys". CBRonline.com. 1988-01-18.
- 1 2 "Company Summary — Cumulus Technology Ltd". March 1994.
- ↑ David Kallman (1997-05-21). "Did Cumulus drop off the face of the earth, again?? (HP3000-L mailing list comment)".
- ↑ Henry Keultjes (2005-05-04). "Small Box 'To End Digital Divide' (InterLUG mailing list comment)".
- ↑ Tim Parker (March 1999). "MultiView v. 4 — Breathing new life into old character-based UNIX applications is easier with MultiView". Unix Review.
- ↑ "JSB reports record revenues increase". E-consultancy. 2000-07-05.[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ "SurfControl sells off MultiView". E-consultancy. 2001-02-19.[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ "Structured Software Solutions, Inc. Again Named to Fast Tech 50". FacetCorp. May 1996. Archived from the original on 2008-05-11. Retrieved 2007-09-28.
