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The politics of Moldova take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic,wherein the prime minister is the head of the Government of Moldova,and a multi-party system. The President of Moldova has no important powers. The government exercises executive power while the legislative power is vested in the Parliament. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The position of the breakaway region of Transnistria,relations with Romania and with Russia,and integration into the EU dominate political discussions.
Moldova,officially the Republic of Moldova,is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe,on the northeastern corner of the Balkans. The country spans a total of 33,483 km2 and has a population of approximately 2.5 million as of January 2023. Moldova is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north,east,and south. The unrecognised breakaway state of Transnistria lies across the Dniester river on the country's eastern border with Ukraine. Moldova is a unitary parliamentary representative democratic republic with its capital in Chișinău,the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre.
Moldovan,archaically spelled Moldavian,is one of the two local names for the Romanian language in Moldova. Moldovan was declared the official language of Moldova in Article 13 of the constitution adopted in 1994,while the 1991 Declaration of Independence of Moldova used the name Romanian. In 2003,the Moldovan parliament adopted a law defining Moldovan and Romanian as glottonyms for the same language. In 2013,the Constitutional Court of Moldova interpreted that Article 13 of the constitution is superseded by the Declaration of Independence,thus giving official status to the name Romanian. The breakaway region of Transnistria continues to recognize Moldovan as one of its official languages,alongside Russian and Ukrainian. Ukraine also continues to make a distinction between Moldovan and Romanian,with one village declaring its language to be Romanian and another declaring it to be Moldovan,though Ukrainian officials have announced an intention to remove the legal status of Moldovan. On 16 March 2023,the Moldovan Parliament approved a law on referring to the national language as Romanian in all legislative texts and the constitution. On 22 March,the president of Moldova,Maia Sandu,promulgated the law.
Transnistria or Pridnestrovie,officially known as the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR),is an internationally unrecognized state,recognized as part of Moldova. Transnistria controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester river and the Moldova–Ukraine border,as well as some land on the other side of the river's bank. Its capital and largest city is Tiraspol. Transnistria has been recognised only by two other unrecognised or partially recognised breakaway states:Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Transnistria is officially designated by the Republic of Moldova as the Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester or as Stînga Nistrului. In March 2022,the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe adopted a resolution that defines the territory as under military occupation by Russia.
Gagauzia or Gagauz-Yeri,officially the Autonomous Territorial Unit of Gagauzia (ATUG),is an autonomous territorial unit of Moldova. Its autonomy is intended for the local Gagauz people,a Turkic-speaking,primarily Orthodox ethnic group.
Fotbal Club Sheriff Tiraspol,commonly known as Sheriff Tiraspol or simply Sheriff,is a professional football club based in Tiraspol,a city located in the unrecognised breakaway state of Transnistria,that plays in the Moldovan Super Liga. Founded in 1997 as Tiras Tiraspol and rebranded the following year as Sheriff,it quickly established itself within Moldovan football.
FC Tiraspol was a Moldovan football club based in Tiraspol,Moldova. They played in the Divizia Naţională,the top division in Moldovan football.
FC Nistru Otaci was a Moldovan football club based in Otaci,Moldova. The club was founded on 17 August 1953. It was dissolved in 2017.
This article gives an overview of liberalism in the Republic of Moldova. In the years from 1918 through 1940 and 1941 through 1944,what is today the Republic of Moldova was part of Romania,so the Romanian political parties were active in Moldova. It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support,principally those with a history of representation in parliament.
The politics of Transnistria,a de facto independent state situated de jure within the Republic of Moldova in Eastern Europe,take place in a framework of a semi-presidential republic,whereby the President of Transnistria is head of state and the Prime Minister of Transnistria is head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. Formally,Transnistria has a multi-party system and a unicameral parliament,called the Supreme Council. The president is elected by popular vote. The latest parliamentary elections were held in December 2010;however,they were not monitored by international organizations such as Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE),which has expressed doubts about the level of democracy in the region,and were not recognized by other countries.
Fotbal Club Zimbru Chișinău,commonly known as Zimbru Chișinău or simply Zimbru,is a Moldovan professional football club based in Chișinău,which competes in the Super Liga,the highest tier of Moldovan football.
SC Tiligul-Tiras Tiraspol was a Moldovan football club based in Tiraspol. They played in the Divizia Națională,the top division in Moldovan football. Their home stadium was Stadionul Municipal. Currently the club's football academy is associated with another Moldovan club FC Zaria Bălți and competes in football competitions as its reserve team in lower Moldovan leagues.
The condition of human rights in Moldova has come under scrutiny since 2002,and human rights organizations within Moldova and around the world have spoken out against what they feel to be unfair suppression of the independent media,as well as other abuses.
The Moldova men's national basketball team represents Moldova in international basketball. The team is governed by the Basketball Federation of Moldova.
The Moldova national under-21 football team represents Moldova in international football at this age level and is controlled by the Moldovan Football Federation,the governing body for football in Moldova. The team is considered to be the feeder team for the senior Moldovan national football team. The team competes to qualify for the UEFA European Under-21 Championship,held every two years. Since the establishment of the Moldovan under-21 team,the under-21 side has never reached a final tournament of the UEFA European Under-21 Championship,but has produced many players,who have become regular internationals for the senior side. The team is coached by Ștefan Stoica.
2002–03 Moldovan Cup was the 12th edition of the Moldovan annual football tournament.
The Moldova national under-17 football team represents Moldova in international football at this age level and is controlled by the Moldovan Football Federation,the governing body for football in Moldova. The team competes to qualify for the UEFA European Under-17 Championship held every year. They qualified for the 2002 competition but finished last in the group stage. Players born on or after 1 January 2007 are eligible for the 2024 UEFA European Under-17 Championship qualification. They are currently coached by Igor Negrescu.
The Moldova national under-19 football team represents Moldova in international football at this age level and is controlled by the Moldovan Football Federation,the governing body for football in Moldova. The team competes to qualify for the UEFA European Under-19 Championship held every year. Since the establishment of the Moldovan under-19 team,the under-19 side has never reached a final tournament of the UEFA European Under-19 Championship. Players born on or after 1 January 2005 are eligible for the 2024 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualification. They are currently coached by Andrei Corneencov.
This page shows a list of results of Moldova national football team from the team's first match until the end of 1999.
References
- ↑ "Communist Political Vendettas in Moldova". The Jamestown Foundation.
- ↑ "Newsline - February 20, 2002". Radio Free Europe.