Anicius Probus (fl. 459) was a Roman politician.
A Christian, he is attested in an inscription dated to 30 August 459, found in Aquileia, but now lost; [1] it was the inscription on the tomb of Anicia Ulfina (emended in Iuliana by recent scholars) [2] erected by her parents Anicius Probus and Adeleta (emended in Adelfia by recent scholars, and the daughter of Valerius Adelphius Bassus). [2]
Christians are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words Christ and Christian derive from the Koine Greek title Christós (Χριστός), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term mashiach (מָשִׁיחַ).
Aquileia is an ancient Roman city in Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about 10 kilometres (6 mi) from the sea, on the river Natiso, the course of which has changed somewhat since Roman times. Today, the city is small, but it was large and prominent in Antiquity as one of the world's largest cities with a population of 100,000 in the 2nd century AD. and is one of the main archeological sites of Northern Italy.
Valerius Adelphius Bassus was a vir consularis and a consul. Venet. in 383 or 392.
This Anicius Probus has been identified as a member of the gens Anicia; he should be the son of the consul Anicius Hermogenianus Olybrius and wife and cousin Anicia Iuliana. It is also possible that he was the Probus who, in 424, was a praetor. [2]
The gens Anicia was a plebeian family at Rome, mentioned first towards the end of the fourth century BC. The first of the Anicii to achieve prominence under the Republic was Lucius Anicius Gallus, who conducted the war against the Illyrii during the Third Macedonian War, in 168 BC.
Flavius Anicius Hermogenianus Olybrius was a politician and aristocrat of the Roman Empire.
In the inscription, Probus is styled as vir inlustris , but his office is not given; however, since he belonged to a noble and prestigious family, he could have been a praetorian prefect or a praefectus urbi. Settipani suggests that he may have been the father of the emperor Olybrius.
Olybrius was Western Roman Emperor from April or May 472 until his death; his rule was not recognised as legitimate by the Eastern Roman Empire. He was in reality a puppet ruler put on the throne by Ricimer, a Roman general of Germanic descent, and was mainly interested in religion, while the actual power was held by Ricimer and his nephew Gundobad.
His mausoleum was most likely located behind the apse of old St. Peter's basilica, as shown by surviving floor plans and maps of the basilica. Although as it is only referred to as the "mausoleum of Probus" it could also be that of St. Probus. It is not known as it was destroyed with the rest of the structure.
Old St. Peter's Basilica was the building that stood, from the 4th to 16th centuries, where the new St. Peter's Basilica stands today in Vatican City. Construction of the basilica, built over the historical site of the Circus of Nero, began during the reign of Emperor Constantine I. The name "old St. Peter's Basilica" has been used since the construction of the current basilica to distinguish the two buildings.
Saints Andronicus, Probus (Provos), and Tarachus were martyrs of the Diocletian persecution. The Martyrologium Hieronymianum contains the names of these three martyrs on four different days, with the topographical identification: In Tarso Cilicie, on September 27, to which corresponds the expression, In Cilicia, given on the two days of 5 April, and 8–11 October. The expression, In Palestina, given under 13 May, is either an error or refers to a special shrine of the martyrs in Palestine.
