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An anti-fatphobia organization is an organization that works to address the social stigma of obesity. Anti-fatphobia organizations typically define themselves by their desire to end fatphobia in whichever contexts they focus on. [1] [2] Anti-fatphobia organizations in the United States are closely tied to the fat acceptance movement with anti-fatphobia activism in general, which begun around the 1960s. [3] The fat acceptance movement can be described as a movement which centres fat people in order to address the oppression they face in society for being fat. [3] The fat acceptance movement calls for societal recognition of a need for systemic change. [4] Anti-fatphobia organizations often take an intersectional approach, and address how fatness is experienced at varying intersections of identity. [2] [1] In the United States, there are two main anti-fatphobia organizations. These organizations are NOLOSE, or the National Organization of Lesbians of Every Size, and NAAFA, or the National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance.
The National Organization of Lesbians of Every Size was founded in the late 1990s. [5] While the organization was originally founded by and for lesbians, it has grown much larger since the 1990s, and now includes many people including fat people within the LGBTQIA+ community and their allies. [1] [6] The National Organization of Lesbians of Every Size hosts a workshop each year where fat people and their allies are welcomed to come together to discuss topics pertaining to fat liberation and acceptance, the future of the organization, and more. [1] The organization also hosts fundraisers in order to raise money to support their conferences, for scholarships to attend their conferences, and more. [1] The conferences run by the National Organization of Lesbians of Every Size are a place for a grassroots form of knowledge production. Lots of information created by and for fat people have come from the National Organization of Lesbians of Every Size conferences, including the term "Super fat", which is a section of the "fat spectrum" or "fategories", explained by Linda of the Fluffy Kitten Party blog. [7] In addition to their annual conferences, the National Organization of Lesbians of Every Size also hosts community-building events throughout the United States, such as roller skating nights and a drag queen night. [1]
The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance is based in New York City, New York, and was founded in the late 1960s. [2] The organization is composed of fat people and allies who work towards ending oppression of fat people. [2] NAAFA makes it clear that its intention is aligned with fat liberation and recognizing the rights of fat people, rather than the promotion of obesity like many critics believe. [8] The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance is entirely volunteer-run, and is committed to societal change that eliminates all body-centred discrimination, including fatphobia, sizeism, racism, and more. [2] The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance creates programs, brochures, and toolkits, hosts webinars, and grants funding for small-scale projects all with the goal of de-stigmatizing fatness and ending discrimination against fat people. [9] [10] [11]
The fat acceptance movement is a social movement which seeks to eliminate the social stigma of obesity from social attitudes by pointing out the obstacles which are faced by fat people. Areas of contention include the aesthetic, legal, and medical approaches to fat people.
Fat fetishism or adipophilia is a sexual attraction directed towards overweight or obese people due primarily to their weight and size.
The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance (NAAFA) is a non-profit, fat acceptance organization in the United States dedicated to improving the quality of life for fat people. NAAFA works to eliminate discrimination based on body size and provide fat people with the tools for self-empowerment through public education, advocacy, and member support.
The International Size Acceptance Association (ISAA) is a United States based non-governmental organization (NGO) aimed at advancing fat acceptance, directed by Allen Steadham. Unlike the National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance (NAAFA), the organisation has an international slant and has several overseas branches, though many of its operations remain within the U.S. at present.
"Big Beautiful Woman" is a euphemism for an overweight woman.
Health at Every Size (HAES) is an approach to public health that seeks to downplay weight loss as a health goal, and reduce stigma towards people who are overweight or obese. Proponents argue that traditional interventions focused on weight loss, such as dieting, do not reliably produce positive health outcomes, and that health is a result of lifestyle behaviors that can be performed independently of body weight. However, many criticize the approach and argue that weight loss should sometimes be an explicit goal of healthcare interventions, because of the negative health outcomes associated with obesity.
Fat feminism, often associated with "body-positivity", is a social movement that incorporates feminist themes of equality, social justice, and cultural analysis based on the weight of a woman or a non-binary feminine person. This branch of feminism intersects misogyny and sexism with anti-fat bias. Fat feminists advocate body-positive acceptance for all bodies, regardless of their weight, as well as eliminating biases experienced directly or indirectly by fat people. Fat feminists originated during third-wave feminism and is aligned with the fat acceptance movement. A significant portion of body positivity in the third-wave focused on embracing and reclaiming femininity, such as wearing makeup and high heels, even though the second-wave fought against these things. Contemporary western fat feminism works to dismantle oppressive power structures which disproportionately affect fat, queer, non-white, disabled, and other non-hegemonic bodies. It covers a wide range of topics such as diet culture, fat-phobia, representation in media, ableism, and employment discrimination.
Charlotte Cooper is a London-based British writer and outspoken advocate for gay rights and fat acceptance.
The first National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights was a large political rally that took place in Washington, D.C., on October 14, 1979. The first such march on Washington, it drew between 75,000 and 125,000 gay men, lesbians, bisexuals, transgender people, and straight allies to demand equal civil rights and urge the passage of protective civil rights legislation. Lesbian activist, comic and producer, Robin Tyler, emceed the main stage at the march.
International No Diet Day is an annual celebration dedicated to body positivity, fat acceptance, and the rejection of diet culture. It is observed by feminist groups in a number of countries, including the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, Israel, Denmark, Sweden, and Brazil.
Sizeism or size discrimination is unjust or prejudicial treatment directed at people based on their size.
The Bulgarian Gay Organization Gemini was the primary organization in the LGBT rights movement in Bulgaria, based in Sofia.
Heather MacAllister was an American burlesque performer and social justice activist, whose work covered anti-racism, LGBT rights, and especially the fat acceptance movement. MacAllister performed on stage as Reva Lucian, a play on 'revolution', and Ms. Demeanor.
Campus Pride is an American national nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization founded by M. Chad Wilson, Sarah E. Holmes and Shane L. Windmeyer in 2001 which serves lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) and ally student leaders and/or campus organization in the areas of leadership development, support programs and services to create safer, more inclusive LGBT-friendly colleges and universities.
Social stigma of obesity is broadly defined as bias or discriminatory behaviors targeted at overweight and obese individuals because of their weight and a high body fat percentage. Such social stigmas can span one's entire life, as long as excess weight is present, starting from a young age and lasting into adulthood. Studies also indicate overweight and obese individuals experience higher levels of stigma compared to other people.
Pretty Porky & Pissed Off(PPPO) was a Canadian fat activist and performance art collective based in Toronto, Ontario from 1996 to 2005. They used their bodies as modes of resistance against discriminatory language, cultural, social practices, and policies. Their feminist, queer, and LGBT politics were part of the DIY ethics of punk rock and the Riot Grrrl movement, and feminist activism. PPPO was a Canadian trailblazer in the international fat liberation movement.
Body positivity is a social movement focused on the acceptance of all bodies, regardless of size, shape, skin tone, gender, and physical abilities, while challenging present-day beauty standards as an undesirable social construct. Proponents focus on the appreciation of the functionality and health of the human body, instead of its physiological appearance.
The social stigma of obesity, can be defined as the systemic oppression of and discrimination against people who may be considered overweight, obese, or fat. Fatphobia exists in many forms and presents itself in both institutional and interpersonal circumstances. According to numerous academics, fatphobia or general anti-fat bias is common and pervasive. Fatphobia negatively impacts the attitudes and behaviours of individuals towards those considered to be overweight or obese. Employment, relationships, and medical care are some facets of daily living that are all known to be negatively impacted by fat-phobic rhetoric or anti-fat assumptions. Fatphobia is produced and spread in many ways, including through advertising and popular media such as television shows. According to a number of scholars, television shows in North America both underrepresent and misrepresent fat people which (re)produces fatphobic rhetoric
Being overweight or obese has influence on the sexuality of people in various different aspects. It can include negative aspects such as stigmatization which can be an obstacle for romantic developments, sexual dysfunction and an increased chance of risky sexual behavior. It can also have positive aspects in the form of fat fetishism.
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