Ariel Beresniak | |
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| Born | 3 December 1961 Paris, France |
| Nationality | Swiss |
| Known for | Developing innovative approaches in Health technology assessment |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Public Health, Health Economics |
| Institutions | Data Mining International Plekhanov Russian Economic University |
Ariel Beresniak (born 3 December 1961) is a Swiss specialist in Public Health and Health Economics, author of reference books and scientific articles in modeling and decision-making analyses.
Beresniak is a physician specialized in public health from the Faculty of Medicine at University of Marseille, France . [1] He also obtained a master's degree in Economics and a PhD in applied mathematics in Economics at the Claude-Bernard University (France), and an Accreditation to Supervise Research (Habilitation a Diriger des Recherches). [2] Beresniak was Chief Medical Officer of Epidemic Surveillance in Gabon in 1989 before contributing to implement medico-economic methodologies in the pharmaceutical industry for assessing the value of innovative treatments. He was Head of Health Economics for Glaxo-Wellcome (1993-1999) and Global Head of Pharmacoeconomics for Serono International (1999-2004). [3] Since 2005, Beresniak is CEO of Data Mining International. He has been short-term consultant for the World Health Organization and the European commission in the fields of Public health and Health Economics.[ citation needed ] He is visiting professor at the Plekhanov Russian Economic University.
Beresniak is author of the reference book "Health Economics" published in French and Portuguese. [4] [5] He publishes two dictionaries: one dictionary of Health Economics published in French and Spanish, and one dictionary of terms used in health industries published in French. [6] [7] Beresniak is also coauthor of "Understanding Pharmacoeconomics" published in French and "Pharmacoeconomics" published in Japanese. [8] [9] Beresniak is known to have led the ECHOUTCOME project, a European Commission funded research, establishing that the QALY indicator (Quality Adjusted Life Years) is not scientifically validated to be used in Decision making and could lead to divergent results with the same dataset. [10] These findings have generated an international controversy because the QALY indicator is still currently promoted as reference case by some national health technology assessment agencies such as the NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) in the UK. [11] [12] Beresniak was also project leader of the FLURESP project, a European Commission funded research, with the objective to compare cost-effectiveness of 18 public health interventions against human pandemic influenza. Beresniak confirmed the value of universal influenza vaccination of the entire population, which is a strategy appearing more "cost-effective" compared to vaccination limited to "at-risk groups" as still widely recommended by health authorities. Beresniak also found that the most effective measures against influenza epidemic mortality are the development of more intensive care units equipped with ECMO extracorporeal oxygenation platforms for managing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). [13]
Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, the last of which was named after him. His research in chemistry led to remarkable breakthroughs in the understanding of the causes and preventions of diseases, which laid down the foundations of hygiene, public health and much of modern medicine. Pasteur's works are credited with saving millions of lives through the developments of vaccines for rabies and anthrax. He is regarded as one of the founders of modern bacteriology and has been honored as the "father of bacteriology" and the "father of microbiology".
The 1918–1920 flu pandemic, also known as the Great Influenza epidemic or by the common misnomer Spanish flu, was an exceptionally deadly global influenza pandemic caused by the H1N1 influenza A virus. The earliest documented case was March 1918 in the state of Kansas in the United States, with further cases recorded in France, Germany and the United Kingdom in April. Two years later, nearly a third of the global population, or an estimated 500 million people, had been infected in four successive waves. Estimates of deaths range from 17 million to 50 million, and possibly as high as 100 million, making it one of the deadliest pandemics in history.
Health economics is a branch of economics concerned with issues related to efficiency, effectiveness, value and behavior in the production and consumption of health and healthcare. Health economics is important in determining how to improve health outcomes and lifestyle patterns through interactions between individuals, healthcare providers and clinical settings. In broad terms, health economists study the functioning of healthcare systems and health-affecting behaviors such as smoking, diabetes, and obesity.
The Bank of France is the French member of the Eurosystem. Napoleon Bonaparte established it in 1800 as a private-sector corporation with unique public status, and Charles de Gaulle's government nationalized it in 1945 after several governance changes in the meantime. The Bank of France was granted note-issuance monopoly in Paris in 1803 and in the entire country in 1848, issuing the French franc. It remained France's sole monetary authority until end-1998, when France adopted the euro as its currency.
The Orsan plan is the emergency plan in France to face a sudden increase of activity in a hospital, such as a massive arrival of casualties due to an accident or a disaster, an epidemic or a lasting climatic event that becomes deadly for fragile people such as a heatwave.
The quality-adjusted life year (QALY) is a generic measure of disease burden, including both the quality and the quantity of life lived. It is used in economic evaluation to assess the value of medical interventions. One QALY equates to one year in perfect health. QALY scores range from 1 to 0 (dead). QALYs can be used to inform health insurance coverage determinations, treatment decisions, to evaluate programs, and to set priorities for future programs.
The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is a measure of overall disease burden, expressed as the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability or early death. It was developed in the 1990s as a way of comparing the overall health and life expectancy of different countries.
In manufacturing, the simulated moving bed (SMB) process is a highly engineered process for implementing chromatographic separation. It is used to separate one chemical compound or one class of chemical compounds from one or more other chemical compounds to provide significant quantities of the purified or enriched material at a lower cost than could be obtained using simple (batch) chromatography. It cannot provide any separation or purification that cannot be done by a simple column purification. The process is rather complicated. The single advantage which it brings to a chromatographic purification is that it allows the production of large quantities of highly purified material at a dramatically reduced cost. The cost reductions come about as a result of: the use of a smaller amount of chromatographic separation media stationary phase, a continuous and high rate of production, and decreased solvent and energy requirements. This improved economic performance is brought about by a valve-and-column arrangement that is used to lengthen the stationary phase indefinitely and allow very high solute loadings to the process.
Christian de Boissieu is a French professor of economics at Pantheon-Sorbonne University, Paris.
Pierre Lemieux is a Canadian economist whose writings straddle economic and political theory, public choice, public finance, and public policy. He lives in Maine.
Average life expectancy in France at birth was 81 years in 2008. A new measure of expected human capital calculated for 195 countries from 1990 to 2016 and defined for each birth cohort as the expected years lived from age 20 to 64 years and adjusted for educational attainment, learning or education quality, and functional health status was published by the Lancet in September 2018. France had the ninth highest level of expected human capital with 25 health, education, and learning-adjusted expected years lived between age 20 and 64 years.
Frédéric Yves Bois is a French biological scientist working in toxicology and bioinformatics. He is currently Senior Scientific Advisor at Simcyp, a Certara-owned company.
Ronald Virag is a French cardiovascular surgeon who specialises in andrology, the study of the male reproductive system. After training in general and cardiovascular surgery at Paris University, he shifted his focus to the study of erectile dysfunction, which has been his primary area of study since 1978. In 1981, he founded a private institute in France dedicated to the clinical study of erectile dysfunction and developed early programs using intracavernosal drugs to treat the condition.
Pascal Morand is the executive president of the Fédération française de la couture. He is also a professor at ESCP Business School, a member of Académie des Technologies, a member of the Commission d'évaluation des formations et diplômes de gestation and, a member of the Conseil national éducation-économie, an organization established by the French National Education Ministry to foster greater cooperation between business and higher education.
Sofiane Bouhdiba is a Tunisian demographer, born on 12 April 1968. He is Professor of Demography in the department of Sociology in the University of Tunis. He has taught in many universities in Europe, Africa and the United States, and has participated in a great number of international conferences, with a focus on mortality and morbidity. As an international consultant to the United Nations, he had the opportunity to observe closely the history of the fight against major diseases in the world. He has also participated in numerous scientific and humanitarian missions in sub-Saharan Africa. Professor Sofiane Bouhdiba is well-known for the realism of his recommendations, and has been appointed as an expert in Demography before the Tunisian Parliament.
Constance Pascal was a Romanian-born psychiatrist who practised in France and became the first woman psychiatrist and the first women head doctor of a psychiatric hospital in France. Best known for her work on dementia praecox, she researched the social as well as the biological causes of mental illness. Pascal founded one of the first ‘medical-pedagogic’ institutes in France. Her monograph, Chagrins d'amour et psychoses (1935), reflected her wide cultural interests.
The COVID-19 pandemic in France has resulted in 38,997,490 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 167,985 deaths.
Émile Arthur Vallin was a French military physician, considered to be a precursor of public health in France a convinced Pasteurian.
Jetins are small, imaginary creatures from Brittany, mostly mentioned by Paul Sébillot along the coast of Ille-et-Vilaine and on the island of Guernsey. Compared with similar lutins, they are characterized by their great strength, enabling them to throw huge boulders over very long distances, and by their habitat, mainly in rocks and caves on the shore. They also have a habit, much feared by humans, of kidnapping beautiful babies to replace them with their old-fashioned changelings. Pierre Dubois gives many details on the appearance of Jetins in La Grande Encyclopédie des lutins.
Gérard Bramoullé' was a French economist and politician of The Republicans (LR). He also taught applied economics at Aix-Marseille University.
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