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Aerobics is a form of physical exercise that combines rhythmic aerobic exercise with stretching and strength training routines with the goal of improving all elements of fitness. It is usually performed to music and may be practiced in a group setting led by an instructor, although it can be done solo and without musical accompaniment. With the goal of preventing illness and promoting physical fitness, practitioners perform various routines comprising a number of different dance-like exercises. Formal aerobics classes are divided into different levels of intensity and complexity and will have five components: warm-up, cardiovascular conditioning, muscular strength and conditioning, cool-down and stretching and flexibility. Aerobics classes may allow participants to select their level of participation according to their fitness level. Many gyms offer different types of aerobic classes. Each class is designed for a certain level of experience and taught by a certified instructor with a specialty area related to their particular class.
Cynthia Michele Kereluk is a Canadian fitness and exercise guru from British Columbia, Canada. She won the title of Miss Canada in 1984 and went on to compete in the Miss Universe pageant that year. From 1985 to 2000, she hosted the exercise program Everyday Workout.
Aerobic exercise is physical exercise of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process. "Aerobic" is defined as "relating to, involving, or requiring oxygen", and refers to the use of oxygen to meet energy demands during exercise via aerobic metabolism adequately. Aerobic exercise is performed by repeating sequences of light-to-moderate intensity activities for extended periods of time. Examples of cardiovascular or aerobic exercise are medium- to long-distance running or jogging, swimming, cycling, stair climbing and walking.
William Wayne Blanks is an American actor, martial artist and fitness personality. He was a nationally-ranked competitor in semi-contact and point karate during the 1980s, winning a Bronze medal at the 1981 World Games, before creating the Tae Bo exercise program.
20 Minute Workout is a Canadian-produced aerobics-based television program that ran from 1983 to 1984, in which "a bevy of beautiful girls" demonstrated exercise on a rotating platform.
Fartlek is a middle- and long-distance runner's training approach developed in the late 1930s by Swedish Olympian Gösta Holmér. It has been described as a "relatively unscientific blending" of continuous training, with its steady pace of moderate-high intensity aerobic intensity, and interval training, with its "spacing of [more intense] exercise and rest intervals". Simply stated, in its widely adapted contemporary forms, fartlek training is alternating periods of faster and slower running, often over natural terrain, including both "level and hilly terrain".
Step aerobics, also known as bench aerobics and step training, is a form of aerobic exercise that involves stepping on and off a small platform.
Rosemary Jean Neil Conley CBE, DL is an English businesswoman, author and broadcaster on exercise and health. Conley authored a low-fat diet and exercise programme, The Hip & Thigh Diet in 1988, which sold more than two million copies. However, her spot theory of fat reduction which claims people can lose fat specifically from the hips and thighs has no scientific basis.
A health club is a place that houses exercise equipment for the purpose of physical exercise.
Bess Motta is an American actress, singer, choreographer, and exercise demonstrator who appeared in the Canadian produced television series 20 Minute Workout, which aired for two seasons in 1983 and 1984.
A fitness boot camp is a type of group physical training program that may be conducted by gyms, personal trainers or other organizations. These programs are designed to build strength and fitness through a variety of types of exercise. The activities and format may be loosely modeled on aspects of fitness training used in the military and the trainers themselves may be former military personnel.
Karen Voight is an American fitness expert. She has produced approximately 30 exercise videos, a book, Voight: Precision Training for Body and Mind, and a health column in the Los Angeles Times.
Zumba is a fitness program that involves cardio and Latin-inspired dance. It was founded by Colombian dancer and choreographer Beto Pérez in 2001, It currently has 200,000 locations, with 15 million people taking classes weekly, and is located in 180 countries. Zumba is a trademark owned by Zumba Fitness, LLC.
Holly Gaye Butler is an American actress, singer/songwriter, dancer and former aerobics instructor who appeared in the :20 Minute Workout Television Show's first season (1983). The :20 Minute Workout became the longest running syndicated exercise show, airing in 57 countries. One of the primary instructors of the first season, Holly was noted as the wholesome, girl next door type, and was chosen along with Bess Motta and Anne Schumacher to tour the U.S. throughout 1983 visiting television stations, and making personal appearances promoting the show. Holly opted out of participating in the second season (1984) in order to pursue her acting career.
Miranda Esmonde-White is a Canadian fitness trainer, former ballerina with the National Ballet of Canada, and The New York Times bestselling author of books on aging, health and fitness. She created the dynamic stretching and strengthening workout, Essentrics, and the long-running PBS fitness TV show, Classical Stretch, based on Essentrics.
The 20th century saw multiple trends and changes in women's fitness culture.
Jane Fonda's Workout, also known as Workout Starring Jane Fonda, is a 1982 exercise video by actress Jane Fonda, based on an exercise routine developed by Leni Cazden and refined by Cazden and Fonda at Workout, their exercise studio in Beverly Hills. The video release by Karl Home Video and RCA Video Productions was aimed primarily at women as a way to exercise at home. The video was part of a series of exercise products: Jane Fonda's Workout Book was released in November 1981, and both Jane Fonda's Workout video tape and Jane Fonda's Workout Record, published as a double-LP vinyl album, appeared in late April 1982. In July 1982, Fonda's exercise video was released on RCA SelectaVision videodisc. The VHS tape became a bestseller, and Fonda released further videos throughout the 1980s and into 1995. The video also increased the sales of video playback units.
Jacki Sorensen is the American originator of aerobic dancing, popularly known as aerobics. Inspired by Dr. Kenneth H. Cooper's 1968 book on aerobic exercise, she created for women an aerobic dance routine to music in 1969 in Puerto Rico, teaching U.S. Air Force wives. She expanded this concept into a teaching method and studio franchise, Aerobic Dancing Inc., that rose to 1,500 locations and 4,000 instructors teaching 170,000 students in 1981 at its peak.
Fitness, formerly Activity, is an exercise tracking companion app announced by Apple Inc. during their September 2014 Special Event. The app is available on iPhones running iOS 8.2 or above for users with a connected Apple Watch, later expanding to all iPhones regardless of Watch connectivity with the release of iOS 16. The application displays a summary view of user's recorded workouts from the Apple Watch or supported third-party apps and exercise equipment.
The 1990 Canadian Soccer League season was the fourth season of play for the Canadian Soccer League, a Division 1 men's soccer league in the Canadian soccer pyramid.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Shepherd, Paul (14 November 1983). "The Aerobic Way: A Report on the 20 Minute Workout". Pro Tem. Toronto, ON: Glendon College. 23 (8): 6–7. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011.
- ↑ Terrace, Vincent (1986). Encyclopedia of Television Series, Pilots and Specials: 1974-1984. Verlag für die Deutsche Wirtschaft AG. p. 427. ISBN 978-0-918432-61-2 . Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ↑ Habib, Marlene (23 Sep 1991). "Aerobics settle down to kinder, gentler exercise". Kitchener-Waterloo Record. Kitchener, ON. p. D.1. Retrieved 12 October 2010.
