Austin Friars, Newcastle-upon-Tyne

Last updated October 26, 2019

Austin Friars, Newcastle-upon-Tyne was an Augustinian friary in Tyne and Wear, England.

Tyne and Wear is a metropolitan county in the North East region of England around the mouths of the rivers Tyne and Wear. It came into existence in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. It consists of the five metropolitan boroughs of South Tyneside, North Tyneside, City of Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead and City of Sunderland. It is bounded on the east by the North Sea, and has borders with Northumberland to the north and County Durham to the south.

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to the west and Scotland to the north. The Irish Sea lies west of England and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.

The friary is believed to have been founded by William Lord Ros, Baron of Wark on Tweed, about the year 1290, at a site in Cowgate. Around 1540, the friary was closed as part of the dissolution of the monasteries under Henry VIII, and in 1551, the land was granted to John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland.^[1]

Wark or Wark on Tweed is a village in the English county of Northumberland. It lies about 15 mi (24 km) south west of Berwick-upon-Tweed.

The Cowgate is a street in Edinburgh, Scotland, located about 550 yards (500 m) southeast of Edinburgh Castle, within the city's World Heritage Site. The street is part of the lower level of Edinburgh's Old Town, which lies below the elevated streets of South Bridge and George IV Bridge. Consequently, the Cowgate can be quite gloomy and dark in sections. It meets the Grassmarket at its west end and Holyrood Road to the east.

John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland was an English general, admiral, and politician, who led the government of the young King Edward VI from 1550 until 1553, and unsuccessfully tried to install Lady Jane Grey on the English throne after the King's death. The son of Edmund Dudley, a minister of Henry VII executed by Henry VIII, John Dudley became the ward of Sir Edward Guildford at the age of seven. Dudley grew up in Guildford's household together with his future wife, Guildford's daughter Jane, with whom he was to have 13 children. Dudley served as Vice-Admiral and Lord Admiral from 1537 until 1547, during which time he set novel standards of navy organisation and was an innovative commander at sea. He also developed a strong interest in overseas exploration. Dudley took part in the 1544 campaigns in Scotland and France and was one of Henry VIII's intimates in the last years of the reign. He was also a leader of the religious reform party at court.

By 1648, the land had passed to the city council, and a series of institutions built on the site, including hospitals, prisons and guild houses. In 1681 the Holy Jesus Hospital was built partly on the site.

The Holy Jesus Hospital is a working office Newcastle upon Tyne, England, in the care of the National Trust. It is a Grade II* listed building.

In the 1820s, the site was occupied by the Newcastle Gas Company, local hospitals, and the Barber Surgeon's Company, who had leased part of the land since 1648.^[2]

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References

↑ Eneas Mackenzie (1827). "Religious houses: The Augustine (Austin) friars". Historical Account of Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Including the Borough of Gateshead. Institute of Historical Research.
↑ "Barber Surgeons in Newcastle". Archived from the original on 13 May 2013.

Coordinates: 54°58′15″N1°36′12″W / 54.9708°N 1.6032°W / 54.9708; -1.6032

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

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[1] Eneas Mackenzie (1827). "Religious houses: The Augustine (Austin) friars". Historical Account of Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Including the Borough of Gateshead. Institute of Historical Research.

[2] "Barber Surgeons in Newcastle". Archived from the original on 13 May 2013.