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Fair use is a doctrine in United States law that permits limited use of copyrighted material without having to first acquire permission from the copyright holder. Fair use is one of the limitations to copyright intended to balance the interests of copyright holders with the public interest in the wider distribution and use of creative works by allowing as a defense to copyright infringement claims certain limited uses that might otherwise be considered infringement. Unlike "fair dealing" rights that exist in most countries with a British legal history, the fair use right is a general exception that applies to all different kinds of uses with all types of works and turns on a flexible proportionality test that examines the purpose of the use, the amount used, and the impact on the market of the original work.
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Legal deposit is a legal requirement that a person or group submit copies of their publications to a repository, usually a library. The number of copies required varies from country to country. Typically, the national library is the primary repository of these copies. In some countries there is also a legal deposit requirement placed on the government, and it is required to send copies of documents to publicly accessible libraries.
Freedom of information is freedom of a person or people to publish and consume information. Access to information is the ability for an individual to seek, receive and impart information effectively. This sometimes includes "scientific, indigenous, and traditional knowledge; freedom of information, building of open knowledge resources, including open Internet and open standards, and open access and availability of data; preservation of digital heritage; respect for cultural and linguistic diversity, such as fostering access to local content in accessible languages; quality education for all, including lifelong and e-learning; diffusion of new media and information literacy and skills, and social inclusion online, including addressing inequalities based on skills, education, gender, age, race, ethnicity, and accessibility by those with disabilities; and the development of connectivity and affordable ICTs, including mobile, the Internet, and broadband infrastructures".
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An orphan work is a copyright-protected work for which rightsholders are positively indeterminate or uncontactable. Sometimes the names of the originators or rightsholders are known, yet it is impossible to contact them because additional details cannot be found. A work can become orphaned through rightsholders being unaware of their holding, or by their demise and establishing inheritance has proved impracticable. In other cases, comprehensively diligent research fails to determine any authors, creators or originators for a work. Since 1989, the amount of orphan works in the United States has increased dramatically since some works are published anonymously, assignments of rights are not required to be disclosed publicly, and registration is optional and, thus, many works' statuses with respect to who holds which rights remain unknown to the public even when those rights are being actively exploited by authors or other rightsholders.
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The copyright law of Australia defines the legally enforceable rights of creators of creative and artistic works under Australian law. The scope of copyright in Australia is defined in the Copyright Act 1968, which applies the national law throughout Australia. Designs may be covered by the Copyright Act as well as by the Design Act. Since 2007, performers have moral rights in recordings of their work.
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National and State Libraries Australia (NSLA), formerly National and State Libraries Australasia, is the peak body that represents the national, state and territory libraries of Australia. The libraries collaborate on and support working groups addressing issues including: copyright issues, archival collections, collection development, marketing, collecting and preserving digital content, collections and services focusing on Indigenous Australians, and other issues relating to the collection, storage and dissemination of the various types of resources held by member institutions. It also compiles annual statistics on public library activities and usage throughout Australia, and publishes statistics on the services of its own collaborating libraries. Precursors to the organisation include the State Librarians Council, the State Libraries Council and Council of Australian State Libraries (CASL).
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The Australian Directors' Guild (ADG) is an industry guild representing the interests of film, television, commercials and digital media directors, including documentary makers and animators, throughout Australia. With its headquarters in Sydney, the ADG has branches in New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia. As of 2022 the president of ADG is Rowan Woods.
The history of fair-use proposals in Australia is a series of Australian government enquiries into the introduction of a "flexible and open" fair use system into Australian copyright law. Between 1998 and 2016, eight enquiries examined, and in most cases recommended, the introduction of fair use in place of the current "fair dealing" system which allows copyrighted material to be used only if it meets one of four specific purposes as set out in the Act.
The Canadian Federation of Library Associations / Fédération canadienne des associations de bibliothèques (CFLA-FCAB) is a non-profit federation of Canada’s library associations. It was incorporated on 16 May 2016 and replaced the Canadian Library Association (CLA).
References
- ↑ Flexible dealing and cultural institutions : statement of principles regarding the use of section 200AB of the Copyright Act (1968): an industry standard and user guide for the cultural sector, Copyright in Cultural Institutions, 2010, retrieved 27 September 2018
- ↑ Dawes, Matt (July 2010), "Copyright and Libraries: The ALCC", Incite, 31 (7): 14, ISSN 0158-0876
- ↑ Copyright and the digital economy submission by the Australian Digital Alliance and Australian Libraries Copyright Committee to the Australian Law Reform Commission, Australian Libraries Copyright Commission, 2012, retrieved 27 September 2018
- ↑ Australian Digital AllianceAustralian Libraries' Copyright Committee (7 October 2005), High Court acknowledges importance of fair copyright and broader public interest , retrieved 27 September 2018
- ↑ Who we are Australian Libraries Copyright Committee
- ↑ Simes, Laura (December 2007), "AL C - Australian Libraries Copyright Committee", Incite, 28 (12): 31, 33, ISSN 0158-0876
- ↑ Smith, Nick, 1971-; Australian Council of Libraries and Information Services; Australian Libraries Copyright Committee (1994), Copyright bulletin, Australian Council of Libraries and Information Services, retrieved 27 September 2018
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Simes, Laura; Simes, Laura; National Library of Australia (issuing body.); Australian Digital Alliance (issuing body.); Australian Libraries Copyright Committee (issuing body.); Simes, Laura (2008), A user's guide to the flexible dealing provision for libraries, educational institutions and cultural institutions : section 200AB of the copyright act 1968 (Cth), Australian Libraries Copyright Committee and the Australian Digital Alliance with the assistance of the National Library of Australia, retrieved 27 September 2018
- ↑ Copyright Amendment (Disability Access and Other Measures) Act 2017 Federal Register of Legislation
- ↑ Contact us Australian Libraries Copyright Committee
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