Jared Corey Kushner is an American businessman,investor,and former government official. He is the son-in-law of former president Donald Trump through his marriage to Ivanka Trump,and served as a senior advisor to Trump from 2017 to 2021. He was also Director of the Office of American Innovation.
Yousef Al Otaiba is the current United Arab Emirates ambassador to the United States and Minister of state. Previously Al Otaiba served as non-resident ambassador to Mexico. His father is Petroleum magnate Mana Al Otaiba,who served as the president of OPEC a record six times.
Israel–United Arab Emirates relations traces its origins to the early days of the Oslo Accords,where Israeli and Emirati diplomats had contact with each other in the 1990's in Washington D.C. The first diplomatic facility between the two countries opened in 2015,when Israel opened an official diplomatic mission in Abu Dhabi to the International Renewable Energy Agency.
Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are neighbouring countries in the Middle East and Persian Gulf region,and share extensive political and cultural ties. Saudi Arabia maintains an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate in Dubai of the UAE,while the UAE has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate in Jeddah,Saudi Arabia.
Thomas Joseph Barrack Jr. is an American private equity real estate investor and the founder and executive chairman of Colony Capital,a publicly traded real estate investment trust (REIT). Barrack has for decades been a close friend of and fundraiser for former U.S. President Donald Trump,representing him in television news appearances. He was senior advisor to Trump's presidential campaign and served as the chairman of his Inaugural Committee.
The State of Israel and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have never had formal diplomatic relations. In 1947,Saudi Arabia voted against the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine,and currently does not recognize Israeli sovereignty. However,as of 2023,bilateral negotiations towards Israeli–Saudi normalization are ongoing,with the United States serving as the two sides' mediator.
Middle East Eye (MEE) is a UK-based news website founded in 2014,that covers the Middle East and North Africa. It is reportedly funded by the government of Qatar.
Iran and Saudi Arabia are engaged in an ongoing struggle for influence in the Middle East and other regions of the Muslim world. The two countries have provided varying degrees of support to opposing sides in nearby conflicts,including the civil wars in Syria and Yemen;and disputes in Bahrain,Lebanon,Qatar,and Iraq. The struggle also extends to disputes or broader competition in other countries globally including in West,North and East Africa,South,Central,Southeast Asia,the Balkans,and the Caucasus.
Arab–Israeli relations refers to relations between Israel and Arab nations. Israel's relations with the Arab world are overshadowed by the Arab–Israeli conflict and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Israel has been at war with Arab states on several occasions. Furthermore,a large majority of states within the Arab League do not recognize Israel,and Israelis and Jews in general are considered a frequent target of antisemitism in the Arab world. After several Arab-Israeli wars,Egypt was the first Arab state to recognize Israel diplomatically in 1979 with the signing of the Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty. It was followed by Jordan with the Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty in 1994. In 2020,four more Arab states normalized relations. There have also been talks of an emerging Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran.
On May 20,2017,U.S. President Donald Trump and Saudi Arabia's Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud signed a series of letters of intent for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to purchase arms from the United States totaling US$110 billion immediately,and $350 billion over 10 years. The intended purchases include tanks,combat ships,missile defense systems,as well as radar,communications and cybersecurity technology. The transfer was widely seen as a counterbalance against the influence of Iran in the region and a "significant" and "historic" expansion of United States relations with Saudi Arabia.
The Qatar diplomatic crisis was a high-profile incident involving the deterioration of ties between Qatar and the Arab League between 2017 and 2021. It began when Saudi Arabia,the United Arab Emirates,Bahrain,and Egypt simultaneously severed their bilateral relations with Qatar and subsequently banned Qatar-registered aircraft and Qatari ships from utilizing their sovereign territory by air,land,and sea;this involved the Saudis' closure of Qatar's only land crossing,initiating a de facto blockade of the country. Tensions between the two sides came to a close in January 2021,following a resolution between the Saudis and the Qataris.
The Arab–Israeli alliance,sometimes referred to as the Israeli–Sunni alliance,is an unofficial security coalition comprising Israel and various Arab countries. Originally formed in the interest of the Gulf Cooperation Council,it is primarily focused on deterring the political and military ambitions of Iran,and has been actively promoted by the United States since the February 2019 Warsaw conference.
The proposed Israeli annexation of the West Bank,or parts thereof,has been considered by Israeli politicians since the area was captured and occupied by Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War.
The Trump peace plan,officially titled "Peace to Prosperity:A Vision to Improve the Lives of the Palestinian and Israeli People",was a proposal by the Trump administration to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. President Donald Trump formally unveiled the plan in a White House press conference alongside Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on 28 January 2020. The plan had been delayed by two years and previously rejected by the Palestinians,who were not invited to the meeting.
Adam Seth Boehler is an American businessman and government official served as the first chief executive officer of the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation from 2019 to 2021. He is currently the chief executive officer of Rubicon Founders,a health care investment firm based in Nashville. He is the founder of Landmark Health.
The Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement,officially the Abraham Accords Peace Agreement:Treaty of Peace,Diplomatic Relations and Full Normalization Between the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel,was initially agreed to in a joint statement by the United States,Israel and the United Arab Emirates on August 13,2020,officially referred to as the Abraham Accords. The UAE thus became the third Arab country,after Egypt in 1979 and Jordan in 1994,to agree to formally normalize its relationship with Israel,as well as the first Persian Gulf country to do so. Concurrently,Israel agreed to suspend plans for annexing parts of the West Bank. The agreement normalized what had long been informal but robust foreign relations between the two countries. The agreement was signed at the White House on September 15,2020. It was approved unanimously by the Israeli cabinet on October 12 and was ratified by the Knesset on October 15. The UAE parliament and cabinet ratified the agreement on October 19. The agreement went into effect on January 5,2021.
The Abraham Accords are bilateral agreements on Arab–Israeli normalization signed between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and between Israel and Bahrain on September 15,2020. Mediated by the United States,the announcement of August 13,2020,concerned Israel and the UAE before the subsequent announcement of an agreement between Israel and Bahrain on September 11,2020. On September 15,2020,the signing of the agreements was hosted by US president Trump on the Truman Balcony of the White House amid elaborate staging intended to evoke the signings of historic formal peace treaties in prior administrations.
The Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement,officially Abraham Accords:Declaration of Peace,Cooperation,and Constructive Diplomatic and Friendly Relations,is an agreement to normalize diplomatic and other relations between Bahrain and Israel. The agreement was announced by President Donald Trump on September 11,2020,and followed on from a joint statement,officially referred to as the Abraham Accords,by the United States,Israel and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) on August 13,2020. It was formally signed on September 15,2020,at the White House in Washington,D.C.,and made Bahrain the fourth Arab state to recognize Israel and the second within a month.
Since the 1970s,there has been a parallel effort made to find terms upon which peace can be agreed to in the Arab–Israeli conflict and also specifically the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Over the years,numerous Arab League countries have signed peace and normalization treaties with Israel,beginning with the Egypt–Israel peace treaty (1979). Despite the failure to implement the Israeli–Lebanese peace accords (1983),more treaties continued with the Israeli–Palestinian peace process (1991–present),the Israel–Jordan peace treaty (1994),the Abraham Accords normalizing relations between Israel–United Arab Emirates and Israel–Bahrain (2020),the Israel–Sudan normalization agreement (2020) and the Israel–Morocco normalization agreement (2020). Moreover,numerous Arab League members established semi-official relations with Israel.
The Israel–Morocco normalization agreement is an agreement announced by the United States government on December 10,2020,in which Israel and Morocco agreed to begin normalizing relations. On December 22,2020,a joint declaration was signed pledging to quickly begin direct flights,promote economic cooperation,reopen liaison offices and establish full diplomatic relations between the two countries.
