Battery G, 1st New York Light Artillery

Battery G, 1st New York Light Artillery
Active	September 24, 1861 to June 19, 1865
Country	United States
Allegiance	Union
Branch	Artillery
Engagements	Siege of Yorktown ; Battle of Seven Pines ; Seven Days Battles ; Battle of Malvern Hill ; Battle of Antietam ; Battle of Fredericksburg ; Battle of Chancellorsville ; Battle of Gettysburg ; Bristoe Campaign ; Mine Run Campaign ; Battle of Spotsylvania Court House ; Battle of Cold Harbor ; Siege of Petersburg ; First Battle of Deep Bottom ; Second Battle of Deep Bottom ; Battle of Fort Stedman ; Appomattox Campaign

Last updated September 04, 2019

Battery G, 1st New York Light Artillery was an artillery battery that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons built to launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry's small arms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sieges, and led to heavy, fairly immobile siege engines. As technology improved, lighter, more mobile field artillery cannons developed for battlefield use. This development continues today; modern self-propelled artillery vehicles are highly mobile weapons of great versatility providing the large share of an army's total firepower.

In military organizations, an artillery battery is a unit of artillery, mortars, rocket artillery, multiple rocket launchers, surface to surface missiles, ballistic missiles, cruise missiles etc., so grouped to facilitate better battlefield communication and command and control, as well as to provide dispersion for its constituent gunnery crews and their systems. The term is also used in a naval context to describe groups of guns on warships.

During the American Civil War, the Union Army referred to the United States Army, the land force that fought to preserve the Union of the collective states. Also known as the Federal Army, it proved essential to the preservation of the United States as a working, viable republic.

Service

The battery was organized at Elmira, New York and mustered in for a three-year enlistment on September 24, 1861 under the command of Captain John D. Frank.

Elmira is a city in Chemung County, New York, United States. It is the principal city of the Elmira, New York, metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses Chemung County, New York. The population was 29,200 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Chemung County.

New York is a state in the Northeastern United States. New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States. With an estimated 19.54 million residents in 2018, it is the fourth most populous state. In order to distinguish the state from the city with the same name, it is sometimes referred to as New York State.

In the United States Army (USA), U.S. Marine Corps (USMC), and U.S. Air Force (USAF), captain is a company grade officer rank, with the pay grade of O-3. It ranks above first lieutenant and below major. It is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant in the Navy/Coast Guard officer rank system. The insignia for the rank consists of two silver bars, with slight stylized differences between the Army/Air Force version and the Marine Corps version.

The battery was attached to Sumner's Division, Army of the Potomac, November 1861 to March 1862. Richardson's 1st Division, II Corps, Army of the Potomac, to May 1862. Unattached, Artillery Reserve, V Corps, to June 1862. Reserve Artillery, II Corps, to November 1862. Artillery, 3rd Division, II Corps, to May 1863. 1st Volunteer Brigade, Artillery Reserve, Army of the Potomac, to June 1863. 4th Volunteer Brigade, Artillery Reserve, Army of the Potomac, to August 1863. Artillery Brigade, II Corps, to September 1864. Artillery Reserve, attached to II Corps, to January 1865. Artillery Reserve, attached to IX Corps, to June 1865.

The Army of the Potomac was the principal Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was created in July 1861 shortly after the First Battle of Bull Run and was disbanded in May 1865 following the surrender of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in April.

II Corps (Union Army) military formation in the American Civil War

There were five corps in the Union Army designated as II Corps during the American Civil War. These formations were the Army of the Cumberland II Corps commanded by Thomas L. Crittenden from October 24, 1862, to November 5, 1862, later renumbered XXI Corps; the Army of the Mississippi II corps led by William T. Sherman from January 4, 1863, to January 12, 1863, renumbered XV Corps; Army of the Ohio II Corps commanded by Thomas L. Crittenden from September 29, 1862, to October 24, 1862, transferred to Army of the Cumberland; Army of Virginia II Corps led by Nathaniel P. Banks from June 26, 1862, to September 4, 1862, and Alpheus S. Williams from September 4, 1862, to September 12, 1862, renumbered XII Corps; and the Army of the Potomac II Corps from March 13, 1862, to June 28, 1865.

The V Corps was a unit of the Union Army of the Potomac during the American Civil War.

Battery G, 1st New York Light Artillery mustered out of service on June 19, 1865.

Detailed service

Left New York for Washington, D.C., October 31, 1861. Duty at Camp Barry, defenses of Washington, D.C., November 1861 to March 1862. Advance on Manassas, Va., March 10–15, 1862. Operations on Orange & Alexandria Railroad March 28–31. Bealeton Station March 28. Warrenton Junction March 29. Rappahannock Station March 29. Moved to the Virginia Peninsula April 3. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Battle of Seven Pines or Fair Oaks May 31-June 1. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Fair Oaks June 27. Savage Station June 29. White Oak Swamp and Glendale June 30. Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison's Landing until August 16. Movement to Fort Monroe, then to Centreville August 15–30. Maryland Campaign September 6–22. Battle of Antietam September 16–17. Duty at Harpers Ferry, Va., September 22-October 29. Reconnaissance to Leesburg October 1–2. Leesburg October 1. Reconnaissance to Charlestown October 16–17. Advance up Loudoun Valley and movement to Falmouth, Va., October 29-November 19. Snicker's Gap November 2. Falmouth November 17. Battle of Fredericksburg December 12–15. "Mud March" January 20–24, 1863. At Falmouth until April. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1–5. Battle of Gettysburg, July 1–3. On line of the Rappahannock and Rapidan until October. Bristoe Campaign October 9–22. Auburn and Bristoe Station October 14. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7–8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. At Stevensburg until May 1864. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James May 3-June 15. Battle of the Wilderness May 5–7. Spotsylvania May 8–12. Po River May 10. Spotsylvania Court House May 12–21. "Bloody Angle," Assault on the Salient, May 12. North Anna River May 23–26. On line of the Pamunkey May 26–28. Totopotomoy May 28–31. Hanover Court House May 30. Cold Harbor June 1–12. Before Petersburg June 16–18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864 to April 2, 1865. Jerusalem Plank Road, Weldon Railroad, June 22–23, 1864. Deep Bottom July 27–28. Mine Explosion, Petersburg, July 30 (reserve). Demonstration north of the James River August 13–20. Deep Bottom, Strawberry Plains, August 14–18. Fort Stedman March 25, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28- April 9. Assault on and fall of Petersburg April 2. Moved to Washington May. Grand Review of the Armies May 23.

The Grand Review of the Armies was a military procession and celebration in the national capital city of Washington, D.C., on May 23–24, 1865, following the close of the American Civil War (1861–1865). Elements of the Union Army in the United States Army paraded through the streets of the capital to receive accolades from the crowds and reviewing politicians, officials, and prominent citizens, including United States President Andrew Johnson, a month after the assassination of United States President Abraham Lincoln.

Casualties

The battery lost a total of 30 men during service; 1 officer and 11 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 2 officers and 16 enlisted men died of disease.

Commanders

Captain John D. Frank - discharged April 4, 1863 due to ill health
Captain Nelson Ames - discharged October 15, 1864
Captain Samuel A. McClellan

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References

Ames, Nelson. History of Battery G, First Regiment New York Light Artillery (Marshalltown, IA: Marshall Print. Co.), 1900.
Dyer, Frederick H. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion (Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co.), 1908.

Attribution

This article contains text from a text now in the public domain : Dyer, Frederick H. (1908). A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion. Des Moines, IA: Dyer Publishing Co.

The public domain consists of all the creative works to which no exclusive intellectual property rights apply. Those rights may have expired, been forfeited, expressly waived, or may be inapplicable.

Frederick Henry Dyer served as a drummer boy in the Union Army during the American Civil War. After the war, he wrote A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion – a complete record of every regiment formed under the Union Army, their histories, and the battles they fought in – taking forty years to compile.

External links

Battery G, 1st New York Light Artillery monument at Gettysburg

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