Battle of Khetasar | |||||||
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Part of Mughal–Rajput Wars, Rathore rebellion (1679–1707) | |||||||
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The Battle of Khetasar occurred on Tuesday, May or June 1680, Khetasar, 6 miles southwest of Osian. Durga Das Rathor and his associates emerged victorious, defeating Indra Singh's forces. [1] [2] [3]
On Jaith Sudi 13, V.S. 1735 (24 May 1678), Raja Indra Singh confronted Rathor Sanag and Durgadas at Khetasar, leading to a fierce battle. Casualty reports reveal that 37 Rajputs and 10 horses were killed, with 44 sardars wounded on the side of Sonag and Durgadas. Additionally, 55 servants of Rajputs, 90 to 100 camels, and 30 horses were wounded. Six individuals lost their lives on the side of Sonag and Durgadas. [1]
Raja Indra Singh attempted to subdue rebellious Rathors in the pargatas of Sajat and Jastaran, where 4,000 Rathors had assembled near the village Karora. Simultaneously, Durga Das was reported to be in Konyat. Aurangzeb dispatched Hamid Khan to deal with rebels in Sojat and Jaitaran. [1]
On June 3, 1680, Indra Singh submitted a petition to Emperor Aurangzeb, informing him of Rathors extracting money from village Sahukars. Indra Singh aimed to regain Jodhpur and chased Rathors from place to place. In the Battle of Khatasar (May-June 1680), Rathors routed Indra Singh's forces. Indra Singh's attempts to win over Durga Das through Thakur Udai Chapanat failed. [1]
During this period, Durga Das attempted to invade Jodhpur from Cherari, prompting Aurangzeb to send a strong force under Mawat Mukarram Khan. Uprisings broke out in Oswara and Sambhar, spreading across Marwar, Jalor, Swans, Dideana, and Sabbar. Rathor bands, gaining success, appeared unexpectedly in different regions. [1]
Mirza Muhammad Mu'azzam, commonly known as Bahadur Shah I and Shah Alam I, was the eighth Mughal Emperor from 1707 to 1712. He was the second son of the sixth Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, who he conspired to overthrow in his youth. He was also governor of the imperial provinces of Agra, Kabul and Lahore and had to face revolts of Rajputs and Sikhs.
Marwar is a region of western Rajasthan state in North Western India. It lies partly in the Thar Desert. The word 'maru' is Sanskrit for desert. In Rajasthani languages, "wad" means a protected area. English translation of the word 'marwar' is the region protected by desert.
The Rathore or Rathor is an Indian Rajput dynasty belonging to the clan that has historically ruled over parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh.
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Durgadas Rathore was the Rathore Rajput General of the Kingdom of Marwar. He is credited with having preserved the rule of the Rathore dynasty over Marwar, India, following the death of Maharaja Jaswant Singh in the 17th century. In doing so he had to defy Aurangzeb, a Mughal emperor. He commanded the Rathore forces during the Rajput War (1679–1707) and played a major role in the Rajput Rebellion (1708–1710) which became one of the main reason of decline of Mughal Empire. He was elected as the leader of the revolt along with Raja Jai Singh II of Jaipur. He won a number of victories against the Mughals and forced many Mughal officers to pay tribute to him in the form of chauth.
Raja Jaswant Singh I was the Rathore Rajput ruler of the Kingdom of Marwar in the western part of Rajputana modern day Rajasthan .He was a distinguished man of letters and author of noted literary works like "Siddhant-Bodh", "Anand Vilas" and "Bhasha-Bhushan".
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Kingdom of Marwar, also known as the Jodhpur State under the British, was a kingdom in the Marwar region from 1243 to 1818 and a princely state under British rule from 1818 to 1947. It was established in Pali by Rao Siha, possibly a migrant Gahadavala noble, in 1243. His successors continued to struggle against regional powers for domination and 9 out of 15 rulers till 1438 died in combat. In 1395, its capital was changed to Mandore by Rao Chunda of Mandore and to Jodhpur in 1459 by Rao Jodha.
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The Mughal–Rajput wars were a series of battles between the Rajput Confederacy and the Mughal Empire. The conflicts originated with the invasion of northwestern India by the Mughal ruler Babur, to which the head of the Rajput confederacy, Rana Sanga, offered staunch resistance.
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Rao Chandrasen Rathore was a Rathore ruler of Marwar. He was a younger son of Rao Maldev Rathore. Chandrasen followed his father's policy and stayed hostile to the ruling foreign powers in India. He was well known for defending Marwar from the Mughal Empire.
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The Rajput rebellion began in 1708, due to the harsh treatment of the Rajput Rajas by the Mughal emperor. It erupted into a two-year rebellion that forced the Mughal emperor to sue for peace, give them gifts, and restore the Rajput holdings which had been annexed by the previous Mughal emperor Aurangzeb.
Described variously as the Rajput war, Rathore war of independence and Rathore rebellion, the conflict between Rajputs of Marwar and the Mughals started after the death of Jaswant Singh of Marwar, due to Aurangzeb's attempt to interfere in the succession of Marwar. The resistance to Mughal interference was started by the Rajput nobles under Durgadas Rathore and erupted into an all-out war between the Mughal empire and Rajputs of Marwar supported by Mewar Rajputs. It lasted for almost thirty years. The rebellion reached a climax after the death of Aurangzeb on 3 March 1707 and the capture of Jodhpur by the Rathores on 12 March 1707.
After the mid-16th century, many Rajput rulers formed close ties with the Mughal emperors and served them in various capacities. It was because of the Rajputs that Mughals were not able to conquer whole India. The vassals had their daughters and sisters married to the Mughal emperors and their princes. The successors of the Mughal emperor Akbar, the mothers of his son Jahangir and grandson Shah Jahan were Rajputs. The Sisodia Rajput family of Mewar made it an honor not to enter into matrimonial relations with the Mughals, and thus stood in contrast to all other Rajput clans. After this time, the marital relations between the Rajputs and the Mughals declined somewhat. Akbar's relations with the Rajputs began when he returned in 1561 from a visit by the Chisti Sufi Shaikh of Sikri, west of Agra. Then many Rajput princesses married Mughal emperor Akbar.