Birhan Woldu (born 1981) is an Ethiopian who, as a child during the 1983-1985 Ethiopian famine, appeared in video footage taken while she was starving and close to death. The footage was shown at Live Aid in 1985.
Woldu was originally found in 1984 by a Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) documentary crew led by Brian Stewart and Tony Burman. [1] Her family had walked from their village in Tigray to Mek'ele in hopes of finding food or relief. Her sister Azmara died during the trip, and she and her mother both became very ill.
While at the aid center her father, Woldu Menameno, was told by the attending nuns that Birhan would likely die within the next fifteen minutes. He wrapped her in a white burial shroud and began to dig a grave. However, as he began to bury his daughter, he noticed a faint pulse. He alerted the nurses, who eventually restored her to health. [2]
She subsequently became a symbol of the 1984—1985 Ethiopian famine and a trigger for the global famine relief effort. In 2004, an adult Woldu appeared in Band Aid 20's music video for "Do They Know It's Christmas". In 2005, Bob Geldof had the film played again, at the Live 8 concert in London, then introduced Woldu, who thanked the audience for their support, in her native tongue. She remained on stage for the first part of Madonna's performance of "Like a Prayer".
In 2010, Birhan, then a nurse, became engaged to Birhanu Meresa, whom she had met while the two attended an agricultural college in Ethiopia. [3]
Band Aid was the collective name of a charity supergroup featuring mainly British and Irish musicians and recording artists. It was founded in 1984 by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise money for anti-famine efforts in Ethiopia by releasing the song "Do They Know It's Christmas?" for the Christmas market that year. On 25 November 1984, the song was recorded at Sarm West Studios in Notting Hill, London, and was released in the UK on Monday 3 December. The single surpassed the hopes of the producers to become the Christmas number one on that release. Three re-recordings of the song to raise further money for charity also topped the charts, first the Band Aid II version in 1989 and the Band Aid 20 version in 2004 and finally the Band Aid 30 version in 2014. The original was produced by Ure. The 12" version was mixed by Trevor Horn.
Live Aid was a multi-venue benefit concert held on Saturday 13 July 1985, as well as a music-based fundraising initiative. The original event was organised by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise further funds for relief of the 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia, a movement that started with the release of the successful charity single "Do They Know It's Christmas?" in December 1984. Billed as the "global jukebox", Live Aid was held simultaneously at Wembley Stadium in London, attended by about 72,000 people, and John F. Kennedy Stadium in Philadelphia, attended by 89,484 people.
A widespread famine affected Ethiopia from 1983 to 1985. The worst famine to hit the country in a century, it affected 7.75 million people and left approximately 300,000 to 1.2 million dead. 2.5 million people were internally displaced whereas 400,000 refugees left Ethiopia. Almost 200,000 children were orphaned.
Robert Frederick Zenon Geldof is an Irish singer-songwriter and political activist. He rose to prominence in the late 1970s as lead singer of the Irish rock band the Boomtown Rats, who achieved popularity as part of the punk rock movement. The band had UK number one hits with his co-compositions "Rat Trap" and "I Don't Like Mondays". Geldof starred as Pink in Pink Floyd's 1982 film Pink Floyd – The Wall. As a fundraiser, Geldof organised the charity supergroup Band Aid and the concerts Live Aid and Live 8, and co-wrote "Do They Know It's Christmas?", one of the best-selling singles to date.
George Thomas "Mickey" Leland III was an anti-poverty activist who later became a congressman from the Texas 18th District and chair of the Congressional Black Caucus. He was a Democrat.
"We Are the World" is a charity single originally recorded by the supergroup USA for Africa in 1985. It was written by Michael Jackson and Lionel Richie and produced by Quincy Jones and Michael Omartian for the album We Are the World. With sales in excess of 20 million copies, it is the eighth-bestselling physical single of all time.
"Do They Know It's Christmas?" is a charity song written in 1984 by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise money for the 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia. It was first recorded by Band Aid, a supergroup assembled by Geldof and Ure consisting of popular British and Irish musical acts at the time. It was recorded in a single day at Sarm West Studios in Notting Hill, London, in November 1984.
"Tears Are Not Enough" is a 1985 charity single recorded by a supergroup of Canadian artists, under the name Northern Lights, to raise funds for relief of the 1983–85 famine in Ethiopia. It was one of a number of such supergroup singles recorded between December 1984 and April 1985, along with Band Aid's "Do They Know It's Christmas?" in the United Kingdom, USA for Africa's "We Are the World" in the United States, "Cantaré, cantarás" by a supergroup of Latin American and Spanish singers, Chanteurs sans Frontières's "Éthiopie" in France, and Fondation Québec-Afrique's "Les Yeux de la faim" in Quebec.
The People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) was a socialist state that existed in Ethiopia and present-day Eritrea from 1987 to 1991.
Live 8 was a string of benefit concerts that took place on 2 July 2005, in the G8 states and in South Africa. They were timed to precede the G8 conference and summit held at the Gleneagles Hotel in Auchterarder, Scotland, from 6–8 July 2005. Both events also coincided with the 20th anniversary of Live Aid. Run in support of the aims of the UK's Make Poverty History campaign and the Global Call to Action Against Poverty, ten simultaneous concerts were held on 2 July and one on 6 July. On 7 July, the G8 leaders pledged to double 2004 levels of aid to poor nations from US$25 billion to US$50 billion by 2010. Half of the money was to go to Africa. More than 1,000 musicians performed at the concerts, which were broadcast on 182 television networks and 2,000 radio networks.
The main Live 8 concert was held at Hyde Park, London, United Kingdom on 2 July 2005. The event is also referred to as Live 8 London or Live 8 UK.
Dame Claire Bertschinger, DBE, DL is an Anglo-Swiss nurse and advocate on behalf of suffering people in the developing world. Her work in Ethiopia in 1984 inspired Band Aid and subsequently Live Aid, the biggest relief programme ever mounted. Bertschinger received the Florence Nightingale Medal in 1991 for her work in nursing, and was made a Dame by Queen Elizabeth II in 2010 for "services to Nursing and to International Humanitarian Aid".
Brian Edward Stewart, is a Canadian journalist. Stewart is best known for his news reports and documentary features as senior correspondent of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's (CBC) flagship news hour, The National, where he worked for over two decades.
This is a summary of 1985 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts from that year.
Oz for Africa was an Australian concert held on 13 July 1985 at the Sydney Entertainment Centre. It was organised by Bill Gordon who also organised the EAT Concert held at the Myer Music Bowl in Melbourne at the end of January 1985. That event was televised nationally on Channel Nine. Over $1million was raised in the accompanying telethon. Gordon organised for all proceeds to go to the Red Cross. During the 10 hour event live satellite hook ups between Melbourne, Los Angeles and London included interviews with Geldof and many of the stars of the hit songs "We Are the World" & "Feed the World". The Oz for Africa concert was broadcast locally and internationally as part of the worldwide Live Aid performances to raise money for famine relief in Africa. The concert featured 17 bands performing some of their best-known songs.
All groups donated their services and the concert helped raise $10 million throughout Australia.
The No Jacket Required World Tour was a concert tour by the English drummer, singer and songwriter Phil Collins, which occurred February–July 1985 in support of his 1985 album, No Jacket Required. The album had been a massive international success and the tour concluded with Collins performing "Against All Odds" and "In the Air Tonight" at both Live Aid concerts, in London and Philadelphia, on 13 July 1985.
Fashion Aid was a single venue benefit concert held on 5 November 1985. The original event was organised by Bob Geldof as part of Live Aid to raise funds for relief of the ongoing Ethiopian famine. Billed as the "largest gathering of fashion creatives in the UK", the event was held at the Royal Albert Hall in London, England, United Kingdom . The music during the Jane Seymour and Freddie Mercury "wedding" ceremony is the famous Widor's Toccata.
World Rock Day, in Portuguese Dia Mundial do Rock, is observed annually on July 13 and celebrates rock music. The date alludes to the Live Aid benefit concert, organized by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure on July 13, 1985, to raise funds for relief of the 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia; however, even though the holiday is called "World Rock Day", it is celebrated only in Brazil.