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 | You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (January 2025)Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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| You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Breton. (January 2025)Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Bleun-Brug (Flower of the Heather) is a Catholic association that is oriented towards Breton nationalism.
The group was created in 1905 by abbé Jean-Marie Perrot, with a name devised at the 1905 conference of the Union Régionaliste Bretonne at Château de Kerjean. The heather symbolizes Breton tenacity. The association had the motto: Ar brezhoneg hag ar feiz a zo breur ha c'hoar e Breizh. ("Breton and faith are brother and sister in Brittany.")
The association fights to preserve Breton faith, language, and traditions. To accomplish this, it holds an annual party featuring Breton theatre, song, and lectures.
The magazine Feiz ha Breiz , which first existed from 1865 to 1884, was restarted by Bleun-Brug in 1899, eventually becoming the official mouthpiece of the association.
Bleun-Brug was guided mainly by abbot Perrot over a period of forty years, with the goal of maintaining Breton traditions and the usage of the Breton language amongst the rural populations of Lower Brittany. It was a true Catholic movement, subject to the bishopric of Quimper. The statutes of the association, established in 1912, were amended in 1925 to define its two objectives:
The flag of Brittany, a region in the northwest of France, is called the Gwenn-ha-du, which means white and black, in Breton. The flag was designed in 1923 by Morvan Marchal. It is also unofficially used in the department of Loire-Atlantique, although this now belongs to the Pays de la Loire and not to the region of Brittany, as the territory of Loire-Atlantique is historically part of the province of Brittany. Nantes, its prefecture, was once one of the two capital cities of Brittany.
Breton literature may refer to literature in the Breton language (Brezhoneg) or the broader literary tradition of Brittany in the three other main languages of the area, namely, Latin, Gallo and French – all of which have had strong mutual linguistic and cultural influences.
Célestin Lainé was a Breton nationalist and collaborator during the Second World War who led the SS affiliated Bezen Perrot militia. His Breton language name is Neven Hénaff. He was a chemical engineer by training. After the war he moved to Ireland.
The abbé Jean-Marie Perrot, in Breton Yann-Vari Perrot, was a priest and Breton nationalist who was assassinated by the Communist resistance. He was the founder of the Breton Catholic movement Bleun-Brug.
The Bretons are an ethnic group native to Brittany, north-western France. Originally, the demonym designated groups of Brittonic speakers who emigrated from southwestern Great Britain, particularly Cornwall and Devon, mostly during the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain. They migrated in waves from the 3rd to 9th century to Armorica. The region was subsequently named after them, as were the inhabitants of Armorica as a whole.
Yann-Ber Kallocʼh was a Breton war poet who wrote in both Breton and French. Similarly to the English poet Wilfred Owen and the Welsh poet Hedd Wyn, Kallocʼh was killed in action during trench warfare while serving as a Poilu during World War I. Kallocʼh's death was an equally catastrophic loss to Breton literature.
Pêr-Jakez Helias, baptised Pierre-Jacques Hélias, nom de plumePierre-Jakez Hélias (1914–1995) was a Breton stage actor, journalist, author, poet, and writer for radio who worked in the French and Breton languages. For many years he directed a weekly radio programme in the Breton language and co-founded an Eisteddfod-inspired summer festival at Quimper which became the Festival de Cornouaille.
Feiz ha Breiz is the principal weekly journal in the Breton language. It originally appeared from 1865 to 1884, then was revived from 1899 to 1944, and then again from 1945 onwards.
Jeanne Coroller-Danio was a Breton nationalist and writer. She is also known as Jeanne Coroller and Jeanne Chassin du Guerny. Her best-known pen-name was Danio, but she published her work under various pseudonyms: J.C. Danio, Jeanne de Coatgourc'han, Gilles Gautrel and Gilesse Penguilly.
The Bezen Perrot, officially the Breton SS Armed Formation was a small collaborationist unit established by Breton nationalists in German-occupied France during World War II. It was made up of personnel from Lu Brezhon, a Breton nationalist militia, under the leadership of Célestin Lainé.
Jules-Charles Le Bozec (1898–1973) was a French sculptor, whose work reflects a commitment to the local design traditions of his native province of Brittany.
James Bouillé was a French architect from Brittany.
Erwan Berthou was a French and Breton language poet, writer and neo-Druidic bard. His name is also spelled Erwan Bertou and Yves Berthou.
The Breton Nationalist Party was a French political party that advocated independence for Brittany. It existed from 1911 to 1914.
Louis Napoléon Le Roux was a Breton nationalist. He is also known as Loeiz-Napoleon Ar Rouz in the Breton language.
Breiz may refer to
Meavenn (1911–1992) was the pen name of Francine Rozec, also known as Fant Rozec, a Breton language poet, novelist and playwright linked to Breton nationalism.
Vefa de Saint-Pierre, born Geneviève de Méhérenc de Saint-Pierre, or Brug ar Menez Du was a Breton explorer, reporter and author, born in Plian, France, on 4 May 1872 and died in Sant-Brieg in 1967.
Kantik, or Breton Hymns are popular sacred songs in the Breton language sung at masses and pardons in Lower Brittany.