Bokalce Castle

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Bokalce Castle, main facade Grad Bokalce.JPG
Bokalce Castle, main facade

Bokalce Castle (Slovene : Grad Bokalce, German : Strobelhof [1] ) is a castle or mansion in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia.

Slovene language language spoken in Slovenia

Slovene or Slovenian belongs to the group of South Slavic languages. It is spoken by approximately 2.5 million speakers worldwide, the majority of whom live in Slovenia. It is the first language of about 2.1 million Slovenian people and is one of the 24 official and working languages of the European Union.

German language West Germanic language

German is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, South Tyrol (Italy), the German-speaking Community of Belgium, and Liechtenstein. It is also one of the three official languages of Luxembourg and a co-official language in the Opole Voivodeship in Poland. The languages which are most similar to German are the other members of the West Germanic language branch: Afrikaans, Dutch, English, the Frisian languages, Low German/Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, and Yiddish. There are also strong similarities in vocabulary with Danish, Norwegian and Swedish, although those belong to the North Germanic group. German is the second most widely spoken Germanic language, after English.

Castle Fortified residential structure of medieval Europe

A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages by predominantly the nobility or royalty and by military orders. Scholars debate the scope of the word castle, but usually consider it to be the private fortified residence of a lord or noble. This is distinct from a palace, which is not fortified; from a fortress, which was not always a residence for royalty or nobility; and from a fortified settlement, which was a public defence – though there are many similarities among these types of construction. Usage of the term has varied over time and has been applied to structures as diverse as hill forts and country houses. Over the approximately 900 years that castles were built, they took on a great many forms with many different features, although some, such as curtain walls and arrowslits, were commonplace.

Contents

Name

The estate was attested in written sources in 1548 as Wokhauez (and as Bokaliz in 1580, and Wokhalez in 1697). The modern Slovene name (a feminine plural) was originally an accusative plural form of the surname Bokal. The origin of the surname is unknown. It could be the result of metathesis of the surname Kobal, derived from Italian Cavallo. It is also possible, but unlikely, that the name is derived from Slovene bok 'protected place, end of a hill, sharp slope', referring to the edge of Utik Hill. [2] In the past the German name was Strobelhof, [1] based on the name of the family that acquired the castle in the second half of the 17th century. [3] [4]

The accusative case of a noun is the grammatical case used to mark the direct object of a transitive verb. The same case is used in many languages for the objects of prepositions. It is a noun that is having something done to it, usually used together with the nominative case. For example, "they" in English is nominative; "them" is accusative. The sentence "They like them" shows the nominative case and accusative case working in conjunction using the same base word. The syntactic functions of the accusative consist of designating the immediate object of an action, the intended result, the goal of a motion, and the extent of an action.

Metathesis is the transposition of sounds or syllables in a word or of words in a sentence. Most commonly, it refers to the interchange of two or more contiguous sounds, known as adjacent metathesis or local metathesis:

History

The castle stands next to the Ljubljana ring road, next to the Gradaščica River. As early as the 12th century, the site was occupied by a fortification belonging to the noble Eghk family. From 1580 to the first half of the 17th century, the castle was owned by the Diennersberg family; from 1705 to 1809, both it and the surrounding estate belonged to the counts Lamberg.

Gradaščica river in Slovenia

The Gradaščica is a river in Slovenia. The river is 33 km (21 mi) long. It begins in Polhov Gradec at the confluence of Little Creek and Big Božna Creek. Near Vrhovci it is joined by Horjulščica Creek. Not far past Bokalce, most of the stream is split off into the Mali Graben and the rest continues as the Gradaščica. This continues through the Vrhovci neighborhood into the Vič District, where it is joined by Glinščica Creek, before continuing into the Trnovo District and emptying into the Ljubljanica.

Fortification military constructions and buildings designed for defense in warfare and military bases

A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to solidify rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from the Latin fortis ("strong") and facere.

In that year, Janez Nepomuk Lamberg divided the estate, selling one half to Sigmund Pagliaruzzi. The other half, including the castle itself, remained a Lamberg holding until 1817, when it was sold to Jožef Seunig. In 1899 the estate was reunited. As foreign-held property, the provisional government of Yugoslavia declared sequestration of the estate in 1919, lasting until 1924. After World War II, the castle was nationalized. It is currently rather badly decayed, and serves as an apartment building.

World War II 1939–1945 global war

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. A state of total war emerged, directly involving more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. The major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.

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References

  1. 1 2 Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 6: Kranjsko. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 107.
  2. ↑ Snoj, Marko. 2009. Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen. Ljubljana: Modrijan and Založba ZRC, p. 69.
  3. ↑ Krajevni leksikon Dravske Banovine. 1937. Ljubljana: Zveza za tujski promet za Slovenijo, p. 340.
  4. ↑ Savnik, Roman, ed. 1971. Krajevni leksikon Slovenije, vol. 2. Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije. p. 315.

Coordinates: 46°2′53.2″N14°26′40.63″E / 46.048111°N 14.4446194°E / 46.048111; 14.4446194

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

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